‘Abd al-Rahman, Ta’lif Husayn. Al-Nuqud. Matba’at al-Itimad, Cairo, 1940. Photocopy.
An introduction to the Islamic coinage of Egypt, beginning with the Umayyads and ending in 1939. It covers Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, Ottoman and post-Ottoman coinage. Very nice overview, easy to use.
‘Abd al-Wahhab, H. H. ‘Al-nuqud al-Arabiyya fi Tunis/History of Tunisian Coinage. Banque Centrale de Tunis, Tunis, 1968. In Arabic. Photocopy.
The catalogue of the bank’s collection of Tunisian coinage. Includes ancient coins, Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Zirid of Qayrawan, and Hafsid dynasties. Legends written out.
Abramishvili, Tamara Ysonovna. Katalog Trapezundskikh Asprov i Zapadnogruzinskikh Monet (Kirmaneuli) Gos. Muzeya Gruzii/ Catalogue of Trebizond Aspers and West Georgian Coins in the National Museum of Georgia. Tbilisi, 1984. (In Georgian, with Russian summary).
Catalogue of 456 Trebizond coins. The text is in Georgian, so it doesn’t help me much, but the plates are decent and there are tables with variations in legends. Unfortunately, the numbers don’t match up with the text descriptions or the plates.
Abywardene, T. M. de Silva. Price Catalogue of Ancient Coins of Ceylon. Careem & Co., Colombo, Ceylon, 1952.
An overview of the coinage of Ceylon. It concentrates primarily on the ancient coinage (B.C. 600 through the Kandy coinage), but also includes types through 1815. Several plates of minimal quality. There is a brief historical and geographical overview. Valuations in Ceylonese currency are included.
Adrianov, Yaroslav. Russkiye Monety 1700 - 2000 Godov: Istoricheskii Obzor I Katalog/ Russian Coins from 1700-2000: Historical Survey and Catalogue. Perm’, Russia, 2001.
Catalague of coins of Russia from the reign of Peter I (the Great) through the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia. An oversized book with good plates. Much data on individual issues and an attempt at valuations with comparisons to Krause.
Agat, Nurettin. Altinordu (Cuci Ogullari) Paralari Katalogu, 1250-1502/Catalogue of Coins of the Golden Horde (Jujid Dynasty), 1250-1502. Edebiyat Fakultesi Matbaasi, Istanbul, 1976.
Comprehensive treatment of the Islamic Golden Horde dynasty, with earlier issues of the Giray Khans included. No illustrations, but Arabic legends written out for all types, and a list of mints and dates precedes coin descriptions for each ruler. There is also a brief treatment of Sufid coinage. Tables and indexes of legends, mints, dates, varieties of tamgas.
Ahlstroem, Bjarne. Sveriges Besittningsmynt, 1561-1878. B. Ahlstroem Mynthandel AB, Stockholm, 1967. In Swedish, German and English.
Coins of Swedish possessions. Includes Reval, Narva, Riga, Livland, Elbing, Thorn, Pommern, Stralsund, Wismar, Bremen-Verden, Stade, Augsburg, Erfurt, Fuerth, Mainz, Nuernburg, Osnabrueck, Wuerzburg, Saint Bartholomew, and Uncertain mints.
Ahlstroem, Bjarne, Yngve Almer and Bengt Hemmingsson. Sveriges Mynt, 1521-1977. Numismatiska
Bokfoerlaget AB, Stockholm, 1976. Swedish and English.
Coins of Sweden.
Ahlstroem, Bjarne, Bernard F. Brekke, and Bengt Hemmingsson. Norges Mynter. Numismatiska Bokfoerlaget 7AB, Stockholm, 1976. Swedish and English.
The coinage of Norway from the Viking Age (ca. 995) through 1975.
al-’Ajjabi, Hamid. Jama’al-maskukat al-’arabiyya bi-Ifriqiya/ Collection of Arabic coins from Africa. Vol. I. Publications de l’institut National du Patrimoine, Tunis, 1988. In Arabic.
Catalogue of Islamic coins in the Musee du Bardo, Tunis. Includes Umayyad, Abbasid, Aghlabid, Fatimid, Zirid of Qayrawan, Hafsid, and early Ottoman coinage. Legends written out, good photographic plates.
al-’Ajjabi, Hamid. Jama’al-maskukat al-’arabiyya bi-Ifriqiya/ Collection of Arabic coins from Africa. Vol. II. Publications de l’institut National du Patrimoine, Tunis, 1996. In Arabic.
A continuation of the Islamic coinage in the Musee du Bardo. Includes later Ottoman and Husaynid coinage.
Album, Stephen. An Umayyad Hoard from Afghanistan. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 17, pp. 241-246, 1971.
A description of 131 Umayyad silver dirhams found in Afghanistan. There was one new mint, Masabadhan, and four other previously unpublished types.
Album, Stephen. Notes on the Coinage of Muhammad ibn al'Husayn al'Rawwadi. Reprint from Revue
Numismatique, 6th serie, Volume XIV, 1972.
A note on the history and coinage of the short-lived Rawwadid dynasty of Azerbayjan (997-1016).
Album, Stephen. Power and Legitimacy: The Coinage of Mubariz al-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar at Yazd and Kirman. Le monde iranien et l'Islam, Vol. 2, pp. 157-171, 1974. Photocopy
A note on the Islamic Muzaffarid dynasty in southern Iran from the 14th century. In particular it describes the use of inscriptions on coins to legitimize power, especially using the names of the Caliph or other dynastic overlords.
Album, Stephen. A Hoard of Silver Coins from the Time of Iskandar Qara Qoyunlu. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Vol. XVI, pp. 109-157, 1976. Photocopy.
A description of a hoard of Islamic coinage of the Qara Qoyunlu, Shirvanshah and Timurid dynasties. Much history, descriptions of coins with Arabic legends. Photographic plates.
Album, Stephen. Samanid Oversize Dirhams of the Fourth Century A.H. (Tenth Century A.D.). Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Vol. XVI, pp. 248-254, 1976.
A critical review of Mitchiner's treatise on multiple dirhems.
Album, Stephen. Marsden's Numismata Orientalia Illustrata. Attic Books, Ltd., New York, 1977.
A revised an updated edition of Marsden's original work published in 1823. Provides a decent general overview of Islamic coinage with values and bibliographies. Good historical overviews preceding each section. Sections on Far Eastern coinage very incomplete and not very useful. Nicely illustrated with line drawings.
Album, Stephen. The Coinage of Nur-Award, Atabeg of Lur Buzurg, 751-57 H./A.D. 1350-1356. Reprint from The American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Volume 22, 1977.
The history and coinage of the only apparent Atabeg of Lur Buzurg in Iran to issue coinage (1350-1356).
Album, Stephen. A further note on Tamerlane & Babur. Numismatics International, Vol. 14, pp. 210-212, 1980.
A historical note that includes information on the relationships among the Mongols, Chaghatayid, Timurids and Sufids. No coin descriptions.
Album, Stephen. A late sixteenth century countermarked copper from Isfahan. Numismatics International, Vol. 16, pp. 55-57, 1982.
A description of a countermarked la’nat falus from Isfahan. It is the only published description of the la’nat coinage of the second period of Iranian civic coppers. The legend is translated, but not written out in Persian or transliterated.
Album, Stephen. Studies in Ilkhanid History and Numismatics. I. A Late Ilkhanid Hoard (743/1342). Studia Iranica, Vol. 13, pp. 49-116, 1984. Photocopy.
A description of a hoard of 281 silver coins of the late Islamic Mongol Ilkhanid dynasty, mostly from southern Iraq and southern Iran. Includes complete descriptions of coins and much historical information.
Album, Stephen. Studies in Ilkhanid History and Numismatics. II. A Late Ilkhanid Hoard (741/1340) as
Evidence for the History of Diyar Bakr. Studia Iranica, Vol. 14, pp. 43-76, 1985.
A description of a hoard of 273 silver coins of the Islamic Mongol Ilkhanid dynasty, mostly from the Jazira. Includes full coin descriptions, nice plates and an analysis of the history of the dynasty as elucidated from the coins.
Album, Stephen. An Arab-Sasanian Dirham Hoard from the year 72 Hijri. Reprint from Studia Iranica, Volume 21(2). Published by the L'Association pour l'avancement des etudes Iraniennes, 1992.
A description of a hoard of countermarked Sasanian coins and later Arab-Sasanian types.
Album, Stephen. A Checklist of Popular Islamic Coins. Published by the Author, Santa Rosa, California, 1993.
A listing of Islamic coin types with rarity indices. Brief historical notes precede each section. Not illustrated. Important bibliographic information for specific dynasties.
Album, Stephen. Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. Volume 10. Arabia and East Africa. Ashmolean Museum Oxford, 1999.
This is a fantastic and welcome volume on the coins in the Ashmolean, particularly the Shamma collection. It is the only recent and relatively comprehensive work on Arabian (especially Yemen) and East African dynasties. Dynasties covered in the catalogue are Abbasid, Fatimid, Rasulid, Qasimid, Sulayhid, Ziyadid, Najjahid, Mahdid, Ayyubid, Rassid, ‘Alid Rebel, Khwalanid, Amirs of ‘Athar, Tarafid, Zuray’id, Banu Sama, Wajihid, Buwayhid, Mukramid, Umayyad, Ikhshidid, Qarmatid, Harar, Kilwa, Mogadishu, Mombasa, Pemba and Zanzibar. Everycoin is photographed (not always clearly), legends are written out in Arabic, there is good introductory material, and fantastic bibliography and index. The book to have if you need the Arabian Peninsula or East Africa.
Album, Stephen. Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. Volume 9. Iran after the Mongol Invasion. Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 2001.
The second volume to appear in the Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. It contains 1797 coins from more than 160 mints and 32 dynasties (including Civic Coppers) It is very heavy in Ilkhan, Muzaffarid, Jalayrid, Eretnid, Timurid, Safavid and later Shahs of Iran, Durrani, Barakzai, Aq Qoyunlu, Qara Qoyunlu and the Civic Coppers. Other dynasties are the Great Mongols (Chingizids), Golden Horde (a few rare mints, not the common mints), Walid, Ghilzay, Sarbadar, Amirs of Badakhshan, Khans of Karabakh (in Panahabad), Alikozay, Qalhat Amirs of Hormuz, Shirvanshahs (Khaqanid), Burhanid, Khans of Shimakhi, Injuyid, Qutlughkhanid, Khans of Ganja, Amir of Qunduz (Qunduz and Hisar mints), Mehrabanid and Kart. The collection tends to have many rarities, but not the common coins of the dynasties covered. This is a first-class catalogue with complete legends written out in Arabic and outstanding photos. A definite treasure.
Album, Stephen and Tony Goodwin. Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. Volume 1. The Pre-Reform Coinage of the Early Islamic Period. Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 2002.
This is a remarkable book. Not only is it a Sylloge of an impressive collection of Arab-Sasanian and Arab-Byzantine coins, but it also contains more than 100 pages of very thorough analysis of iconography, historical surveys, typology, provincial summaries, lists of mints, metrology, dates and dating, countermarks, imitations, forgeries, and chronologies. The book is well-indexed and has two good maps of mint locations. Steve Album did the Arab-Sasanian coinage (504 coins), and Tony Goodwin did the Arab-Byzantine (238 coins).
Alfian, T. Ibrahim. Mata Uang Emas Kerajaan - Kerajaan di Aceh. Seri Penerbitan Museum Negeri Aceh, 1979. Photocopy.
A listing of gold coins from Atcheh. Each type is described with Arab legends transliterated, but not written out in Arabic. Each type is photographed.
Alieva, G. Materiali k Katalogy Monet Timura, Chekanennikh v Gorodakh Zapadnovo Irana i
Azerbaidzhana/Material towards a Catalogue of the Coins of Timur Struck in Towns of Western Iran and Azerbaijan. In: Rtveladze, E. V. (Ed.), Numizmatika Uzbekistana, Akademiya Nauk Uzbekskoi CCR, Tashkent, 1990, pp. 83-99.
A description of 123 coins of Timur, founder of the Timurid dynasty. Includes legends written out in Arabic.
Allan, John. Catalogue of the Coins in the Indian Museum Calcutta, Volume IV: Native States. Originally published in Calcutta, 1926. Reprint by Indological Book Corporation, New Dehli, 1976.
The Indian coins of the Indian States. Each state has a brief introduction, then coins are listed with legends written out. Very useful as a supplement to or substitute for Krause. The plates are decent.
Allan, John. A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum: Coins of Ancient India. Originally
published 1936. Reprinted by Eastern Book House, Patna, India, 1989.
Mostly Punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire and tribal issues of ancient India. Nicely organized to facilitate identification of types. The plates are mediocre, typical of Indian reprints.
Allen, Derek. An Introduction to Celtic Coins. British Museum Publications, London, 1978.
An introduction to the Celtic coinage of all of Europe, from the Danubian basin to England.
Allen, Derek and Daphne Nash. The Coins of the Ancient Celts. Edinburgh University Press, 1980.
An in-depth view of Celtic coinage throughout Europe, with a substantial bibliography and 41 plates.
Alptekin, Coskun. Selcuklu Paralari. Selcuklu Arastirmalari Dergisi, Volume 3, pp. 435-559, 1971. (Photocopy)
A description of 237 coins of the Great Seljuqs. Legends are written out completely but not transliterated or translated. All devices like swords, stars, etc. are drawn, and there is a table that allows one to find coins with different symbols on them. There are eleven plates of photographs which are probably excellent in the original, but they lose a lot in the photocopy.
Alram, Michael. Iranisches Personennamenbuch. Band IV. Nomina Propria Iranica in Nummis. Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 1986.
Massive folio-sized book (larger even than Tuebingen) of ancient coins of Persia and Central Asia. It includes ancient Greek (Scythia, Pontos, Bosporus, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lycia, Cappadocia, Sophene, Armenia, Commagene, Greek Imperial, Byzantine), Achaemenid, Arsakid, Elymais, Characene. Persis, Sasanid, Ispahbads in Tabaristan, Sakas, Pahlavas, Yueh-chih, Sogdian, Baktria, Kushan, Kushano-Sasanian, Iranian Huns. One of the few references for Sogdian and other Central Asian coins that actually writes out the inscriptions as found on the coins as well as the transliteration. Especially strong in the Persian dynasties and the only catalogue I have found that is good for Persis. Plates are in a separate volume so can be examined alongside the descriptions in the text.
Alram, Michael, Reinhard Haertel and Manfred Schreiner (editors) Die Fruehzeit des Friesacher Pfennigs (etwa 1125-30 - etwa 1166). Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 2002.
An incredibly thorough analysis of the early time of the Friesacher Pfennigs of Austria and Germany. There are three articles, as follows:
Baumgartner, Ingeborg, Schriftquellen zur Fruehzeit der Pfennigs. Eine Einfuehrung, pp. 35-134.
A lengthy discourse on literary sources covering the origin and striking of the coins.
Winter, Heinz. Die Fruehzeit des Friesacher Pfennigs: Die Numismatische Evidenz, pp. 135-466.
Analysis of the coins providing a chronology and typology of the early issues. There is also a lengthy catalog of the early issues, including Salzburg, Kaernten, Aquileia, and modern forgeries. The catalogue contains more than 1000 coins. Also an analysis of hoards and a correlation with catalogue numbers from other works on these coins. There are 32 plates showing hundreds of different coins.
Linke, Robert and Manfred Schreiner. Materialanalytische Untersuchungen am Friesacher Pfennig Mittels Energiedispersiver Roentgenfluoreszenzanalyse, pp. 467-513.
Metallurgical analysis of the coins.
American Numismatic Society. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Part 6. Palestine - South Arabia. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1991.
Beautiful oversized Sylloge volume covering Graeco-Palestine, Jewish Issues (Yehud, Hasmonaean, Herodian, Procurators, Jewish War against Rome, Judaea Capta, Roman administration under Domitian, Bar Cochba War, Provincial City Issues) Coins of the Decapolis and Provincia Arabia, South Arabia Felix (Sabaeans, Himyarites). Covers the so-called widow’s mites and the little concave Himyarite issues.
American Numismatic Society. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Part 9. Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek Coins. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1998.
Smaller format than Part 6, prepared by Osmund Bopearachchi. Includes pre-Seleucid coins of Bactria, Seleucids of Bactria, Bactrian and Indo-Greek. 1745 Coins are described and photographed. There are indices of Legends, Monograms and Symbols, and Types, as well as a table of monograms and an explanation of the Kharoshthi alphabet. Unlike Part 6, there are brief historical notes included throughout.
Amitai-Preiss, Nitzan and Reuven Amitai Preiss. Two Notes on the Protocol on Hulegu’s Coinage. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 117-128, 1988-1989.
Traces the origin of the term Ilkhan and its use as an indication of subservience to Mongke, the great khan. Uses several examples of Ilkhan coinage of Hulagu to show the different protocols.
Andrews, Arthur. Australasian Tokens and Coins. Originally published by The Mitchell Library Foundation, Sydney, 1921. Reprinted by the Trustees of the Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney, 1965.
One of the classics on tokens and coins of Australia. Especially important for the token issues, which are fully described and accompanied by nice photographic plates. Nicely indexed.
Anokhin, V. A. Monetnoye delo Khersonesa I-III vv. n.e. Numizmatika i Epigrafika IV, pp. 3-88, 1963.
An extensive early article by Anokhin on the coinage of Cheronessus on the northern coast of the Black Sea (roughly AD 24 - 300). There is a long narrative numismatic history of the coinage followed by a catalogue of almost 300 coins. All of the legends of the coins are written out, and there are decent photos of them on plates. A nice article.
Anokhin, V. A. Monetnoye Delo Khersonesa (IV v. do n. e. - XII v. n. e./ The Coinage of Chersonesus, IV
Century B. C. - XII Century A. D. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1977.
The original Russian edition of Anokhin (1980) on the ancient coins of the Black Sea area of Chersonesus.
Anokhin, V. A. The Coinage of Chersonesus, IV Century B. C. - XII Century A.D. Originally published in Russian. Translated by H. Bartlett Wells. BAR International Series 69, Oxford, 1980.
A historical overview of the ancient coinage of Cherronesus from early Greek through Byzantine issues. It includes a catalogue of 480 coins arranged by period, each coin photographed. Cherronesus is on the Bosporus on the northern coast of the Black Sea.
Anokhin, V. A. Monetnoye Delo Bospora. Kiev Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1986.
Numismatic history and catalogue of the coins of Pantikapaion and Cimmerian Bosporus. The plates are decent, and many more coins are photographed than there are in his later work on Bosporus coinage. There is a rather extensive bibliography including perhaps 100 references in Russian.
Anokhin, V. A. Moneti Antichnikh Gorodov Severo-Zapadnovo Prichernomor’ya/ Coins of the Ancient Cities of the Northwest Black Sea Coast. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1989.
A historical treatment and catalogue (in Russian) of coinage of the northern coast of the Black Sea. Most of the coinage is from Olbia, but there are also coins from Carcine, Cercinitis, and Tyra. The catalogue includes 566 coins, all photographed. Ancient Greek and Greek Imperial periods.
Anokhin, V. A. Istoriya Bospora Kimmeriiskovo/ The History of Cimmerian Bosporus. Odigitriya Numizmatika, Kiev, 1999.
A beautiful, well-illustrated overview of the coins of Cimmerian Bosporus. It includes Pantikapeion (with coins attributed to specific rulers) through the later Cimmerian Bosporus rulers. It is loaded with history and numismatic analyses.
Anonymous. Al-nuqud al-tunisiyya abra al-tarikh/ History of Tunisian Coinage. Banque Centrale de Tunis, 1993. (In Arabic)
A slick bank publication illustrating the history of Tunisian coinage. There are beautiful color photos and a nice bibliography. There is more text than usual for a bank publication. The summaries of different periods might be good practice for learning Arabic vocubulary pertaining to history and numismatics.
Anonymous. Chelovek i Priroda v Pamyatnikakh Numizmatiki/ People and Nature in Numismatic Memorials. Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh, St. Petersburg, 1996.
A booklet from the Hermitage Museum showing the portrayal of animals on coins and medals and a few famous people on medals. The coins are mostly, but not all, Russian.
Anton, William T., Jr. and Bruce Kesse. Forgotten Coins of the North American Colonies. Krause Publications, Iola, WI, 1992.
A catalogue and classification system for counterfeit English and Irish coppers that circulated in the North American colonies. Includes a few evasion pieces. Great photos.
Arab Bank Limited. Islamic Coins: A Selection of Islamic Coins Used Since the Beginning of Islam up to the Ottoman Period. Amman, Jordan, 1980.
A slick publication published on the occasion of the bank’s 50th anniversary. It has selected enlarged photos of several dynasties, including Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian, Arab-Byzantine, Umayyad, Abbasid, Tulunid, Aghlabid, Ikhshidid, Fatimid, Sulayhid, Zurayid (Yemen), Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hafsid, Hamdanid, Seljuq, Artuqid, Zengid, Ayyubid, Ilkhan, Mamluk and Ottoman. The few coins pictured have legends written out and translated. A few maps and charts. Bilingual (Arabic and English).
Arif, Aida S. A Treasury of Classical and Islamic Coins: The Collection of Amman Museum. Arthur Probsthain, London, 1986.
A mediocre catalogue of the coins in the Amman Museum. It includes Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Arab-Byzantine, Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, and Ottoman. The legends of all coins are written out, but not transliterated or translated. The plates are awful, done on nice paper, but so small as to be useless for identifying the coins in them.
Ariza Armada, Almudena. Un “Quirate” Almohade Anonimo, Acunado en Ceuta. III. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp.355-372, 1990.
Description of an anonymous bronze square dirham of the Muwahhid dynasty struck in Ceuta (Sabta). Suggests it could be a contempory off-metal counterfeit or maybe a trial strike. Legends written out, photo.
Arroyo, Henri. Un Tresor de Dirhams de la Fin de l’Empire Merinide. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XVI, pp. 115-122, 1974. Photocopy.
Description of a hoard of Merinid square dirhams found near Meknes in Morocco. Each type is described in full with the legends written out in Arabic. There are photos of each of 18 coins.
Arroyo, Henri. Le Monnayage du Prince Buyide Taj ad-Dawla Abul-Husayn. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XX, pp. 113-116, 1978. Offprint.
A description of previously unknown Buwayid dirhams struck during the reign of Taj ad-Daula Abu’l-Husayn. Legends written out in Arabic and translated into French. Coins of this ruler were previously unknown.
Arroyo, Henri. Un Titre Monetaire Inedit du Sultan Saljuqide Sanjar ibn Malik Shah (512-552 A.H. = 1117-1157 A.D. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XXI, pp. 225-228, 1979.
The description of a new type of Great Seljuq dinar of Sanjar bin Malik Shah with a title, Malik raqab al-imam, not previously known.
Artuk, Ibrahim. Denizbaci Definesi/The Denizbaci Hoard. Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara, 1966.
The description of an important hoard of Islamic coins found in Turkey. The dynasties included are Umayyad, Abbasid, Abbasid partisans, Umayyads of Spain, Idrisids, Aghlabids and Khalaf bin al-Muda, a contemporary of the Idrisids. The coins are fully described with Arabic legends written out. Good photos of reduced size.
Artuk. Ibrahim. Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Adina Basilan Sikkeler/Coins stuck in the Name of Suleyman the Magnificent. Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara, 1972.
Comprehensive listing of the coins of the Islamic Ottoman Suleyman I (The Magnificent). The book is arranged by mint, with all types described with full Arabic legends. Nice photographic plates.
Artuk, Ibrahim and Cevriye Artuk. Istanbul Arkeoloji Muezeleri Teshirdeki Islami sikkeler Katalogu. Volumes I and II. Milli Egitim Basimevi, Istanbul, 1971-1974.
A catalogue of Islamic coins in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. Includes descriptions of almost 2600 coins with 108 photographic plates. Full Arabic legends written out where legible. Particularly strong on Anatolian coinage.
Artuk, Ibrahim and Cevriye Artuk. Artukogullari Sikkeleri/Coins of the Artukids. Sumer Kitabevi, Istanbul, 1993.
A description of 154 coins issued by the Islamic Artuqid dynasty, all branches. Arabic legends written out, and many different dates of individual types described. All coins nicely photographed. Very good fold out genealogies. Includes coins with inscriptions only, so goes beyond Spengler and Sayles.
[Artuk, Ibrahim]. A Festschrift Presented to Ibrahim Artuk on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the
Turkish Numismatic Society. The Turkish Numismatic Society, Istanbul, 1988.
A collection 20 papers on Turkish/Islamic numismatics. Papers are in Turkish, English or French, with some in more than one language. Particularly useful papers on Ottoman coinage in Yemen, previously unpublished coins of the Ottoman Ibrahim Bey, coins struck at Belgrad, and a paper on two Ilkhanid coins that bear the month, day and year they were struck.
Awad, Henri Amin. Seventh Century Arab Imitations of Alexandrian Dodecanummia. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 18, pp. 113-117, 1972.
A brief note on early Islamic Arab-Byzantine coinage.
Aydin, Sennur. Kudret ve Huner: Sikke’nin iki Yuzu/Power and Skill: The Two Faces of a Coin. Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1994.
The first of the series of catalogues of exhibitions of the bank’s coin collection. It includes a general history of the origin of Islamic coinage, then covers Arab-Byzantine, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Umayyad of Spain, Abbasid, Tulunid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Tahirid, Saffarid, Banijurid, Sajid, Wajjahid (Oman), Samanid, Ikhshidid, Buwayhid, Marwanid, Rassid (2nd period), Rasulid, Shirvanshah. Beautiful color photos. Bilingual (Turkish and English).
Aydin, Sennur. Dogu-Bati Arasi Bir Gokkusagi: Selcuklu Sikkeleri/A Rainbow Linking East and West: Coins of the Seljuqs. Yapi Kredi Coin Collection Exhibitions No. 2. Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1994.
A catalogue of a collection of coins of the Islamic Seljuqs of Rum. Includes a brief history of the dynasty and its coinage, with high quality enlarged photographs of a selection 93 coins. Does not include full Arabic inscriptions, but translates portions of many of them.
Aykut, Nezihi. Osmanli Deveti’nden Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne Devredilen Kaimeler ve Osmanli Bankasi
Banknotlari/ Ottoman Paper Money and Imperial Ottoman Bank Banknotes Transferred Ottoman Empire to Turkish Republic. Yapi ve Kredi Bankasi A. G., Numismatik Yayinlari No. 10, Istanbul, 1979.
One of the Yapi ve Kredi Bank’s booklets on Turkish numismatics. This one is an overview of Ottoman banknotes, written in Turkish with an English summary. Thirty-five different banknotes are described, all with reduced-size black-and-white photos.
Aykut, Nezihi. Some Coins of Mas’ud I, Qilijarslan II, and the Maliks. American Journal of Numismatics, Vol. 7-8, pp. 161-186, 1995-1996.
The numismatic history of the earliest times of the Seljuqs of Rum. It includes the individual sons of Qilij Arslan II who served as maliks of different portions of their territory.
Aykut, Tuncay (and Sevket Pamuk). Ak Akche. Mogol ve Ilhanli Sikkeleri (Mongol and Ilkhanid Coins). Yapi Kredi Yayinlari Ltd Sti, Istanbul, 1992.
A catalogue of Islamic Mongol (Chingizid) and Ilkhan coins in the Yapi ve Kredi Bank collection. Includes a general chapter on money, history and numismatics (by Pamuk), then a monetary history of the Mongol and Ilkhan dynasties, a thorough description of all coin types in the collection, and a catalogue of all coins. All coins photographed in color, all types fully described with photos, drawings, transliterations and translations. Text is bilingual (Turkish and English).
Azimov, R. And E. Rtveladze. Catalogue of Antique and Medieval Coins of Central Asia. Volume I. National Bank for Foreign Economic Activity of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 1997.
A beautiful catalogue of 100 coins from the collection of the National Bank of Uzbekistan. It includes Achaemenids, Alexander the Great, Seleucid, Greco-Bactrian and imitations, Bactira, Indo-Greek, Parthia, Indo-Parthian, Kushan, Sasanian and imitations and countermarks, Hephthalite, Khoream, Chach, Sogdian, Turgesh Khanate, Bukhara, China, Umayyad, Abbasid, Arab-Sasanian, Samanid, Khwarizmshahs, Chaghatayids, Golden Horde, Timurid, Manghits of Bukhara, Khans of Khoqand, Khans of Khiva. Every coin is photographed enlarged and in color, and again at actual size in black and white.
Bacharach, Jere L. A Few Unpublished Mamluk Dirhems. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 14, pp. 163-169, 1968.
A brief addendum to Balog's corpus on Mamluk coinage. It includes nine coins not found in Balog.
Bacharach, Jere L. The Coinage of Kafur: A Cautionary Tale. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel
Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 71-79, 1988-1989.
A discussion of Ikhshidid coinage with the Arabic letter kaf, and conclusions about the pitfalls of relying solely on numismatic evidence for establishing historical facts.
Bahrfeldt, Emil. Das Muenzwesen der Mark Brandenburg. Three volumes. Original published by Verlag von W. H. Kuehl, Berlin, 1889, 1895 and 1913. Reprinted by Zentralantiquariat der deutschen demokratischen Republik, Leipzig, 1975.
The Coinage of Brandenburg, Germany.
Balaguer, Anna M. Early Islamic Transitional Gold Issues of North Africa and Spain in the American
Numismatic Society. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 24, pp. 225-241, 1979.
A description of 11 dinars and 7 fractions from Spain and North Africa. All have Latin inscriptions or are anepigraphic. Full descriptions of coins and photographic plates.
Balaguer, Anna M. Las Emisiones Transicionales Arabe-Musulmanas de al-Andalus: Nueva Sintesis. I. Jarique de Estudios Numismaticos Hispano-Arabes, Institucion Fernando el Catolico, Zaragoza, pp. 11-28, 1988.
A discussion of the early transitional Arabic coins in Spain with Latin or bilingual legends. Mostly text, with some Latin inscriptions.
[Baldassari, Silvio] Islamic Coins: The Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasties. The Collection of Silvio Baldassari. Auction Leu 62, 18th May 1995 in Zurich, Leu Numismatics Ltd., Zurich.
A catalogue of 742 lots of Umayyad and Abbasid coins in gold and silver (no copper). It also includes dirhams of the Abbasid revolutionaries. A high proportion of the coins are photographed, and there are many rarities in the collection.
Balog, Paul. Tables de references des monnaies ikhchidites. Revue belge de Numismatique, Vol. 103, pp. 107- 134, 1957. Photocopy.
Coins of the Islamic Ikhshidid dynasty of Egypt and Syria. Descriptions of coins, lists of dates/mintmarks. Bibliography.
Balog, Paul. The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt and Syria. ANS Numismatic Studies No. 12, New York, 1964.
An extensive work on the coinage of the Islamic Mamluk dynasty of Egypt and Syria. The standard work.
Balog, Paul. The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultans: Additions and Corrections. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 16, pp. 113-171, 1970.
An update to his major corpus on Mamluk coinage.
Balog, Paul. The Fatimid Glass Jeton. Parts 1 and 2. Annali del Instituto Italiano di Numismatica, Volume 18/19, pp. 175-264, 1971-1972, and Volume 20, pp. 121-212, 1973.
The description of 435 glass jetons from the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt. The catalogue follows an introductory section explaining the history of study of these glass pieces, a discussion of their probably use in Fatimid society, and an explanation as to why they are so abundant. Many of the pieces are photographed in several high quality plates.
Balog, Paul. Umayyad, ‘Abbasid and Tulunid Glass Weights and Vessel Stamps. American Numismatic Society Numismatic Studies No. 13, New York, 1976.
Fantastic work describing over 900 glass weight and vessel stamps of the caliphate and Tulunids. There is good introductory material analyzing the wieghts and measures, chronological lists of officials, indexes of legends, substance names in English and Arabic, great photos and descriptions. Certainly one of the most important works on these objects, especially when combined with the earlier works of George Carpenter Miles.
Balog, Paul. New Considerations of Mamluk Heraldry. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 22, pp. 183-211, 1977.
A discussion of the origins of heraldic devices found on Islamic coins of the Mamluk dynasty. It is a revision and extension of ideas presented in his corpus on Mamluk coinage.
Balog, Paul. La monetazione della Sicilia araba e le sue imitazioni nell’Italia meridionale. In: F. Gabrieli and U. Scerrato, Gli Arabi in Italia, Milano, 1979, pp. 611-628. (Photocopy)
A nice work on coins of Sicily with Arabic legends. It includes Aghlabid, Fatimid, and Norman coins as well as coins of the rebel Muhammad b. ‘Abbad. There is a decent historical overview in Italian, then discussions of the coins. No legends written out, but the plates are decent even in photocopy. Spahr and Travaini are definitely better, but this is the only reference I have found to the rebel coins of Muhammad b. ‘Abbad.
Balog, Paul. The Coinage of the Ayyubids. Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication Number 12, London, 1980.
The standard work on the Islamic Ayyubid dynasty, which existed in Egypt, Syria and western Arabia from 1169-1260 (AH 567-828). Includes a historical outline, genealogies, a discussion of each mint that issued coins, and an extensive catalogue with full descriptions of coins. Does not translate legends. There are indexes for mints and dates. Excellent photographic plates.
Bangkok National Museum. Coins in Thailand. Bangkok National Museum, Bangkok, 1973.
A decent bilingual book showing an overview of the history of the coinage of Thailand from the early Funan Kingdom to modern times. It includes a variety of bullet money, toks, Chieng money, tiger tongues, and other non-traditional forms of coinage. Photos are black and white.
Bank Negara Malaysia. The Currency Legacy: A Guide to Bank Negara Malaysia’s Collection. Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1989.
A nice bank publication on coins and currency in the bank’s collection. It is primarily Malaysian coinage from primitive cowries, animal money, tampangs, hat money, through coinage of individual states, Dutch, Ceylonese, modern and world coins and banknotes. Very well done.
Bank Negara Malaysia. The Legendary Kijang. Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1992.
A very well done bank publication. The Kijang, or muntjac or barking deer, is a small deer native to India and the Malaysian peninsula. It is featured on small gold coins of Kelantan from the 16th century, 20 of which are photographed in this publication. It also includes a brief history of Malaysia and Kelantan, a history of the Kijang coins, a myths surrounding the coins. Very informative. The Kijang is also the bank’s symbol or logo.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Johor Currency Heritage. Bank Negara Money Museum, Kuala Lumpur, 1994.
A nice publication giving an overview of the history of Johor and its coinage, followed by a catalogue of gold, silver and tin coins from there. There is an excellent bibliography. Very well done and actually useful.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Pameran Matawang Perdagangan Kepulauan Melayu/ Exhibition on Trade Currency of the Malay Archipelago. Money Museum Unit, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1995.
A catalogue that accompanied a coin exhibit. It is bilingual (Malay and English). Includes primitive money, odd forms like tampangs and animal money, coins of individual states, Sumatra, Indonesia, Atcheh, Java, Brunei, Trade dollars (U. S., South American, Hong Kong, British, etc.), British Sumatra and Java, Portuguese, Singapore. Nice photos, but all in black and white.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Terengganu Currency Heritage. Money Museum Unit, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1995.
Beautiful done overview of coinage of Terengganu. Includes a history of Terengganu and a catalogue of gold and tin coinage. The tin coinage includes the privately minted tokens (Jokoh) issued by various Chinese Kapitans. Excellent bibliography. Great supplement to Singh.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Kedah and Perlis Currency Heritage. Money Museum Unit, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1996.
Another very well done publication on Malaysian coinage by the Central Bank of Malaysia. This one has a history of Kedah and Perlis. Most of the booklet is devoted to coins of Kedah in Gold, Silver, Copper and Tin, including tin cockerels. There is only one coin from Perlis. There is an excellent bibliography. Great supplement to Singh.
Barag, Dan. The Islamic Candlestick Coins of Jerusalem. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 40-48, 1988-1989.
An attempt to devise a chronology for the different types of Umayyad fulus with a candelabra and to assign the type to a particular historical event. It does not mention the alternative hypothesis that the candelabra may, in fact, be an inverted mosque.
Basok, Alexander. Imitations of 11th Century Byzantine Coins Found on the Taman Peninsula. The Celator, Volume 12, Number 11, pp. 6-15, 1998.
The history and coinage of the Tmutarakan Principality in present-day Ukraine. The coinage is derived from 11th Century Byzantine copper coinage. The author shows the different die varieties that he has discovered. One of the only accessible articles on these rare coins.
Basok, Alexander. Neizvestnye Zolotye Monety Shakhin Gireya/ Unknown Gold Coins of Shahin Giray.
Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Pskov, 15-20 April, 2002, pp.97-100, 2002.
Four alleged gold coins of Shahin Giray, the Giray Khan. (Several people who have seen the coins are convinced that the coins are forgeries, that gold coins of the Giray Coins do not exist).
Basu, S. P. The Second Supplementary Catalogue of Coins to Volume 1 of the Indian Museum Catalogue. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 1977.
Additions to the IMC collection of ancient India. Includes some punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire. Plates are better than most Indian publications.
Bates, Michael L. Notes on some Isma'ili Coins from Yemen. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 18, pp. 149-162, 1972.
Islamic coinage of the Zuray'id and Sulayhid dynasties. This is a discussion of the history of the dynasties, not a description of the coins.
Bates, Michael L. The "Arab-Byzantine" Bronze Coinage of Syria: An Innovation by 'Abd al-Malik. In: A Colloquium in Memory of George Carpenter Miles (1904-1975), American Numismatic Society, pp. 16-27, 1976. Photocopy.
A discussion of the earliest Islamic coinage. He makes the case that it is not merely a continuation of Byzantine coinage and attempts to establish a chronology.
Bates, Michael L. The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultan Baybars I: Additions and Corrections. American
Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 22, pp. 161-181, 1977.
Additions and corrections to the coinage of the Islamic Mamluk sultan Baybars as described in Balog's corpus.
Bates, Michael L. The Ottoman Coinage of Tilimsan. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 26, pp. 203-214, 1981.
Gold coins of the Ottomans in Tilimsan (Tlemcen), Algeria. Sulayman I through Ahmad I. Full descriptions of coins and legends.
Bates, Michael L. History, Geography and Numismatics in the First Century of Islamic Coinage. Revue Suisse de Numismatique, Volume 65, pp. 231-261, 1986. Photocopy.
An analysis of 1st century Umayyad coinage of Damascus, with a plea for better comparative work of coinage issued by mints. It is a good rational historical work with criticism of earlier works on early coinage of the caliphate.
Bates, Michael. The Coinage of Spain under the Umayyad Caliphs of the East, 711-750. III. Jarique de
Numismatica Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp. 271-289, 1990.
A discussion of Latin and bilingual gold coins of the Umayyads in Spain. Latin legends are written, but not Arabic. No photos or drawings.
Battenberg, Christoph. Die Sammlung der Siegelstempel im Kentner-Museum Hannover. Sammlungskatalog 3, Kesnter-Museum Hannover, 1985.
A selection of 122 medieval and modern seals, mostly German, from the collection in the Kentner-Museum in Hannover, Germany. Each seal is described in detail with explanations of all the devices in the more complex design. The photographs are very clear and show both the seal as negative and as a positive impression. There are also historical notes explaining why a particular seal was made and for what it was used.
Batur, Enis. Asya'dan Anadolu'ya Inen Ruezgar: Beylikler Donemi Sikkeleri/The Wind Blowing from Asia to Anatolia: An Exhibition of Beylik Period Coins. Coin Collection Exhibitions 3, Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1994.
A bilingual (Turkish and English) catalogue of an exhibit of Anatolian coinage. Enlarged photos with transliterations and translations of legends, historical introductions to each dynasty. Very well done. Includes Salduqids, Menkujakids, Danishmandids, Artuqids, Qarasids, Saruhan, Aydin, Germiyanid, Inanchids (Denizli, Ladik), Hamit, Menteshe, Eshrefid, Alanya, Eretnid, Qadi Burhan al-Din, Isfendiyarid, Karamanid. Good bibliography of major references.
Baumgartner, Egon. Die Bluetezeit der Friesacher Pfennige. I. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des
inneroesterreichischen Muenzwesens im 13. Jahrhundert. Numismatische Zeitschrift 73: 75-106, 1949. Xerox copy, in German.
Austrian pfennigs of the 13th century.
Baumgartner, Egon. Die Bluetezeit der Friesacher Pfennige. II. Die Friesacher Grenzmuenzung.
Numismatische Zeitschrift 78: 14-57, 1959. Xerox copy, in German.
Austrian coinage of the 13th century.
Baumgartner, Egon. Die Bluetezeit der Friesacher Pfennige. III. Die Friesacher Grenzlandmuenzung
(Fortsetzung und Schluss). Numismatische Zeitschrift 79: 28-63, 1961. Xerox copy, in German.
Austrian coinage of the 13th century.
Beckenbauer, Egon. Bayerische Muenzkataloge. Band 5. Die Muenzen der Reichsstadt Regensburg. Hugo Geiger Verlag, Gruenwald, 1978.
The coinage of Regensburg (Bayern, Bavaria) from earliest times through the 18th century, with a catalogue from 1510 until 1803.
Bedoukian, Paul Z. Coinage of the Artaxiads of Armenia. Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication Number 10, London, 1978.
One of the key references on the coinage of the ancient Artaxiads, who ruled Armenia from before BC 190 until around 10 AD. There is a good historical overview of the different rulers, a long discussion of numismatic developments during each reign, and a catalogue with decent black and white plates.
Bedoukian, Paul Z. Coinage of Cilician Armenia. Revised Edition. Published by the Author, Danbury,
Connecticut, 1979. Original Edition published by the American Numismatic Society as Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 147 in 1962.
A revised edition of the standard reference on the coinage of Cilician Armenia. It covers Armenia from Baron Roupen (1080-1095) through Levon V Lusignan (1373-1375), who surrendered the kingdom to the Moslems. The book includes an extensive bibliography, a decent history of the time, and excellent section on trade and commerce, an overview of the coinage, an extensive corpus of coins with all known variants on legends, an index of legends to facilitate identification, and 12 plates.
Bedoukian, Paul Z. The Copper of the Later Kings of Cilician Armenia. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 15, pp. 131-135, 1969.
A brief article about copper poghs of Levon the Usurper (1363-1365) and Gosdantin (1365-1374) of Armenia. There are nice enlarged line drawings of the coins and photographs in the plates.
Begovatov, E. A. Novyi Klad Kuficheskikh Monet Vblizi Bilyarska/ A New Hoard of Kufic Coins found near Bilyarsk. Pp. 237-239, In: I. V. Belotserkovskaya (ed.) Nauchnoye Naslediye A. P. Smirnova I Sovremenniye Problemy Arkheologii Volgo-Kam’ya. Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Volume 122, Moscow, 2000.
The most interesting coins found were Ma’munid from the reign of ‘Ali b. Ma’man and a few Ziyarid dirhams. The author analyzes the hoard in light of other hoards found in the area. There are no illustrations or coin descriptions, but the article has a URL for a website of Kazan State University, Department of Archaeology, which has photos of the coins.
Behrens, Heinrich. Muenzen und Medaillen der Stadt und des Bisthums Luebeck. Verlag der Berliner
Muenzblaetter, Berlin, 1905. Reprint by D. Tietjen, Hamburg, 1972.
Coinage of the free city and bishopric of Luebeck from mid 12th century.
Beierlein, J. B. Die Bayerischen Muenzen des Hauses Wittelsbach, von dem Ende des zwoelften bis zur Mitte des sechzehnten Jahrhunderts (1180-1550). Dr. C. Wolf & Sohn, Muenchen, 1868. Reprint by Alfred Szego, Oakdale, New York, 1972.
Coinage of Bavaria, including Niederbayern, Bayern Ingolstadt, Bayern Landshut, and Bayern Muenchen.
Bektineev, Sh. I. Denezhnoe Obrashchiniye Belikovo Knyazhestva Litovskovo v XIII-XV vv/Circulation of Coins of the Great Princes of Lithuania in the 13th - 15th Centuries. Izdatel’ V. N. Milyutin, Minsk, 1994.
A short work on the coins circulating in medieval Lithuania. There is a lot of historical text and descriptions of coins. The plates are low-quality reproductions and line drawings.
Belenitskii, A. M. Klad Serebranykh Monet iz Pendzhikenta/ A Hoard of Silver Coins from Pendjikent.
Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVII, pp. 92-100, 1966.
A small hoard of 18 coins, 6 Umayyad dirhams (Dimashq, Wasit (2), Kirman, Istakhr and al-Bab) and 12 Bukharkhudat drachms. The Bukharkhudat coins have Sogdian legends.
Bell, R. C. Commercial Coins, 1787-1804. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1963.
Copper tokens of the British Isles.
Bell, R. C. Copper Commercial Coins, 1811-1819. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1964.
Copper tokens of the British Isles.
Bell, R. C. Tradesmen's Tickets and Private Tokens, 1785-1819. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1966.
Copper tokens of the British Isles
Bell, R. C. Specious Tokens and those struck for General Circulation, 1784-1804. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1968.
Copper tokens of the British Isles.
Bell, R. C. Unofficial Farthings, 1820-1870. Seaby Publications, London, 1975.
Copper private issue farthings, England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales. Reigns of George IV, William IV and Victoria.
Bell, R. C. The Building Medalets of Kempson and Skidmore, 1796-1797. Frank Graham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1978.
British Tokens.
Bell, R. C. Political and Commemorative Pieces Simulating Tradesmen’s Tokens, 1770-1802. Schwer
Publications, Felistowe, Suffolk, 1987.
British Tokens.
Bell, Robert, John Whitmore and James Sweeney. Bell's Unofficial Farthings: A Supplement. Published by Whitmore, Malvern, 1994.
Contains new findings not in Bell's original work, as well as a new numbering system for the entire series, rarity indices, and discussions of die pairings and other information for certain series of the coins.
Belova, L. N. Neskol’ko Neizdannikh Khersonesskikh Monet iz Sobraniya Ermitazha/ Some Unknown
Chersonesus Coins from the Hermatige Collection. Proshloye Nashei Rodini v Pamytnikakh Numizmatiki, Gosudarstvennii Ordena Lenina Ermitazh, Leningrad, pp.144-151, 1977.
Photos and descriptions of nine previously unknown coins from Chersonesus (Ancient Greece, Black Sea, Thrace). These coins are in the Hermitage Museum collection.
Belyaev, Vladimir A. Monety Kitaiskovo Tipa za Predelami Podnebesnoi/The Geographic Limits of Coins of Chinese Type. Pp. 48-50, Devyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh, Sankt-Petersburg, 2001.
A review of the geographical range of round coins with square holes. Includes Khotan, Kuche, Gaochan, Sogd, Japan, Viet Nam, Korea, Qara Khitay, plus Malacca, Indonesia, Tibet, Thailand and Java. Not illustrated.
Belyaev, Vladimir A. Kitaiskii Serebranyi Tsyan’, Bypushchennyi v Sin’tszyane/ Chinese Silver Cash Struck in Xinjiang. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Pskov, 15-20 April, 2002, pp. 100-102, 2002.
A description of two silver square-holed cash from Xinjiang, year 1880. They have the Arabic legend “one silver miscal” on the reverse, the Chinese characters for “pure silver, one miscal” on the obverse. There are nice photos of both coins.
Belyaev, Vladimir A. Monety Kitaiskovo Tipa za Predelami Podnebesnoi/ Chinese coin types outside the Celestial Empire. Pp. 73-92 In: Gaiduiov, P. G. (Ed.) Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Bypusk 138, Numismaticheskii Sbornik GIM, Tom XVI, Moscow, 2003.
A very nice overview of square-holed coinage from outside China proper. It includes ancient coins of Kuche, Khotan, Sogdiana, the Turgesh Khaganate, Uighur Khaganate, and Semirech’ye, and more modern coinage of Japan, Annam (Viet Nam), Korea, Tibet, Indonesia, Malacca, Trengannu, Kelantin, Thailand and Java. The Tibetan and Thai coins do not actually have square holes, but rather a square drawn in the center of the coin as part of the design. One significant omission - the square-holed Ilkhan tokens of Sultaniya 713 with the scorpion.
Belyakov, A. S. Medniye Moneti Belgorodskoi Chekanki Seredini XV v./ Copper coins struck in Belgorod in the Middle of the 15th Century. Numizmaticheskiye Issledovaniya po Istorii Yugo-vostochnoi Yevropi, pp. 180-185. Akademiya Nauk SSR Moldova, Kishinev, 1990.
A short article on coins of medieval Moldavia (Romania). These are copper coins with the steer’s head obverse. The article has photos of the coins and has all legends completely written out.
Ben Rhomdane, Khaled. Supplement au Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliotheque Nationale: Monnaies Almoravides et Almohades. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XXI, pp. 141-175, 1979. Photocopy.
Additions to Volume II of the Paris catalogues (Lavoix). It expands on the Murabitid and Muwahhid holdings in the collection. Legends are written out in Arabic, and there are photos of the coins.
Ben Rhomdane, Khaled. 25 Siecles de Monnaies Tunisiennes. Ministere du Culture, Agence Nationale du Patrimoine, Tunis, 1996.
A very nice popular publication on Tunisian coinage from ancient times to the present. One of the prettiest museum publications I have seen. Photos are enlarged and in color.
Bendixen, Kirsten. Denmark’s Money. The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1967.
A wonderful museum publication illustrating the history of coinage in Denmark from earliest times (some Roman, even some Islamic) through modern coinage. There are black and white photos on every page. There is even a chapter explaining what coin hoards tell us. Great overview, and photos of some rare coins.
Beradze, G. G. O Nachale Monetnovo Chekana v Gosudarstve Sel’dzhukidov/ On the Beginning of Coinage of the Great Seljuqs. Epigrafika Vostoka, Vol. XXIII, pp. 48-51, 1985.
A short discussion of the coins of Tughril Beg and Chaghri Beg, the first Seljuqs to issue coins. There are no illustrations.
Berga, T. M. Coinage in Archaeological Monuments of Latvia, 9th-12th Centuries. Published by the Academy of Science of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, Institute of History, Riga, 1988. In Russian, with German and English summaries.
A monograph on European and Islamic coinage that has been found in the Baltic area of Latvia from early medieval times. The book is richly illustrated with many drawings, photos, plates and maps. The English and German summaries are extensive.
Berghaus, Peter. Der Muenzenfund von Werl (Westfalen) 1955, vergraben um 1240. In Harald Ingholt,
Centennial Publication of the American Numismatic Society, New York, 1958, pp. 89-123.
A description of a hoard of 381 coins found near Koeln. It includes coins of Koeln, Andernach, Anrnsberg, Attendorn, Korbach, Smmchmallenberg, Soest, Paderborn, Lemgo, Lippstadt, Bueren, Canterbury, London, Schwalenberg, Dortmund, Bentheim, Hamm, Iserlohn, Herford and Wiedenbrueck. All coins predate 1240. They are described with photos.
Berghaus, Peter. Das paderborner Muenzwesen under Ferdinand II von Fuerstenberg, 1661-1683. Reprinted from Ferdinand von Fuerstenberg, Fuerstbischof von Paderborn und Muenster, 1661-1683, Ferdinand Molinski, Staedtische Sammlungen Paderborn, 1962.
A short history and catalogue of the coinage issued by Ferdinand II von Fuerstenberg for the bishopric of Paderborn in Westphalia.
Berghaus, Peter. Der Muenzschatz von Querenburg in der Bochumer Universitaet. Kleine Hefte der
Muenzsammlung an der Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Doppelnummer 12/13, Universitaetsverlag Dr. Norbert Brockmeyer, Bochum, 1990
A description of a hoard of 123 15th century coins found on the campus of the Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum in 1966. Coins were found from the Low Countries (Flanders, Holland, Brabant and Geldern), the Grafschaft Mark, city of Dortmund, Grafschaft Limburg, Archbishopric of Trier, Herzogtum Juelich, Grafschaft Moers, Herzogtum Berg, Juelich-Berg, Aachen, Hennegau, Batenburg, Emsigerland, Tournai (France), and others.
Bergmann, E. von. Muenzen der Indschuiden. Numismatische Zeitschrift, vol. 3, pp. 143-165, 1871. Photocopy.
A description of coins of the Islamic Injuyid dynasty of Iran in the 14th century. Includes historical information.
Bergmann, E. von. Beitrage zur muhammedanischen Muenzkunde. Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philos.-Hist. Klasse, Wien, vol. 73, pp. 129-170, 1873. Photocopy.
A note on some previously unpublished Islamic coins. Covers a Midrarid denar from north Africa, a Hasanwayhid coin, Fatimid, Saruhan and Karamanid coins. There is quite a bit of history.
Berman, Allen G. Papal Numismatic History: The Emancipation of the Papal State. Second Edition. Attic Books Ltd., South Salem, New York, 1991.
This is a general history of the papacy with a slant toward how it influenced the design and minting of papal coinage. It is not a catalogue. It is a revised version of Allen’s masters thesis.
Berman, Allen G. Papal Coins. Attic Books Ltd., South Salem, New York, 1991.
A complete catalogue of the coins of the popes from St. Gregory III (731-741) through the present. Includes 77 plates, valuations of every known type, historical information, and assistance in identifying coins. The book is set up much in the manner of Sear's books on Roman, Greek and Byzantine coinage.
Berman, Allen G. and Alex G. Malloy. Warman’s Coins and Currency. Wallace-Homestead Book Company, Radnor, Pennsylvania,1997.
A general book with prices of some of the more common ancient, medieval and modern coins and currency from the entire world. It includes some decent historical background, photos, and lists of references for different countries and time periods. Prices seem very inflated.
Berman, Ariel. Islamic Coins: Exhibition of L. A. Mayer Memorial Institute for Islamic Art. Central Press, Jerusalem, 1976.
A catalogue that accompanied a Museum exhibit of medieval Islamic coins that circulated in the Holy Land. Each coin is described with a translation of the legend or an attribution of where it is to be found in the Koran. Most are photographed (some enlarged). There are excellent maps of the geographic range of various dynasties. There are indexes of mint names, names of people, and coin legends, all in English, Arabic and Hebrew.
Berry, George. Medieval English Jetons. Spink & Son, London, 1974.
A history of the English Exchequer and accounting techniques, with a survey of jetons from the reigns of Edward I through Richard II.
Berry, George. Taverns and Tokens of Pepys' London. Seaby Publications Ltd., London, 1978.
A discussion of seventeenth century tokens issued by taverns mentioned in the diaries of Samuel Pepys. The author discusses great detail what is known about the taverns and their proprietors.
Berry, George. Seventeenth Century England: Traders and their Tokens. Seaby, London, 1988.
A cultural and historical overview of the various people and establishments that issued tokens in seventeenth century England.
Biaggi, Elio. Monete e Zecche Medievali Italiane dal Sec. VII al Sec. XV. Montenegro s.a.s. Edizioni
numismatiche di Eupremio Montenegro, Torino, 1992.
A wonderful catalogue of coins of medieval Italy from the 8th through the 15th centuries. Each of 3023 coin types is illustrated, fully described and given valuations in three grades. Rarity estimates are given, and all legends are written out. The introductory pages give a bibliography of essential references, guide to place names as written on coins, attribution of names of saints to their appropriate localities, and a history of medieval Italy. The catalogue is organized by coin-issuing locality, each preceded by a brief specific history of that locality and the coins it issued.
Bibliotheque Albert I. Mille ans de monnayage bruxellois 965-1965. Brussels, 1965.
The book that accompanied the exhibit of coins struck at the Brussels mint shown the Bibliotheque Albert I in 1965. There is a brief history of the mint along with historical overviews preceding each period of coinage. More than 500 coins were shown, including foreign coins struck by the mint, but only a fraction of these are photographed (enlarged, in black and white). A decent overview.
Biddulph, C. H. Coins of the Cholas. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 13, The Numismatic Society of India, Varanasi, 1968.
Early coinage of southern India (Tanjore) and Ceylon. There is an excellent historical treatment, good descriptions of the coins, and mediocre, but passable, plates.
Bidyabinod, B. B. Coins of the Non-Muhammadan Series. Supplementary Catalogue of the Coins in the Indian Museum. Indological Book House, Delhi, 1973.
Description of additions to the IMC collection of ancient and medieval India. No plates, no text. Includes some punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire.
Bikhazi, Ramzi J. Coins of al-Yaman 132-569 A.H. al-Abhath, vol. 23, pp. 3-127, 1970. Photocopy.
The history and coinage of Islamic dynasties in Yemen. Includes 'Abbasid, Rassid, Ziyadid, Fatimid, Sulayhid and Zuray'id dynasties. Coins arranged chronologically by date, rather than by dynasty. Full descriptions of coins and extensive historical information. There are several coins of unknown dynasties described as well.
Bikhazi, Ramzi Jibran. The Struggle for Syria and Mesopotamia (330-58/941-69) as Reflected on Hamdanid and Ikhshidid Coins. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 28, pp. 137-186, 1983.
Hamdanid, Ikhshidid and Abbasid coins struck in Syria. The article is mostly history, with a catalogue of known coins from the relevant mints. One section translates the legends as they appear on coins, then there is a listing of coins by mint town.
Binder, Christian and Julius Ebner. Wuerttembergische Muenz- und Medaillen-Kunde. Volume I, Parts I-VI, and Volume II, Parts I-II. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1904-1915. Reprinted by W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1969.
The coinage and medals of Wuerttemberg, Germany, from 1344 until the early 20th century. Includes Moempelgart, Weiltingen, Oels, Neuenstadt.
[Bird, Brian]. Anglo-Saxon and Norman Coins. Auction Catalogue, Glendining & Co., London, 20 November, 1974.
An important collection of Anglo-Saxon and Norman coins with some incredible rarities. No prices realized.
Blackburn, M. A. S. (Editor) Anglo-Saxon Monetary History: Essays in Memory of Michael Dolley. Leicester University Press, 1986.
Scholarly articles by various authors on Anglo-Saxon and Viking coinage in England. Includes historical perspectives, an analysis of hoards and a bibliography of the published works of Michael Dolley.
Blair, Sheila S. The Coins of the Later Ilkhanids: Mint Organization, Regionalism and Urbanism. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 27, pp. 211-230, 1982.
Description and historical background of the different types of silver coins issued by the later Ilkhans. No inscriptions, just diagrams of the major design elements. Photographic plates of some of the types.
Bohl, J. J. Abbildungen der Trierischen Muenzen. Hannover, 1837. Reprint by Numa Revue Internationale de Numismatique, Luxembourg, 1977.
Originally published as a supplement to Bohl's treatise on the coinage of the German state of Trier published in 1823. Contains illustrations of select coins from the earlier work, with reference to the original catalogue numbers. Covers the period 814 until 1802.
Bohnert, J., F. Wictor, R. Probst, G. Lorang, and E. Rauen. Dix siecles de monnaies au pays de Luxembourg: Catalogue des monnaies luxembourgeoises et de celles des fiefs de 1026 a 1968. Le Cercle Numismatique du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg, 1970.
Coinage of Luxembourg from 1026 until 1968, including the Abbaye d'Echternach (974-1155), the coinage of the Comte de Chiny (1258-1355), the Siegneurie de Moiry (1249-1329), the Siegneurie de Schoenecken (1316-1351), the Seigneurie de St-Vith (1346-1352), the Comte de Salm en Ardenne (Vielsalm) (1297-1306), the Seigneurie d'Orchimont (1432-1436), and the Terre Franche de Cugnon (1611-1672).
Bone, Harry. The Administration of Umayyad Syria: The Evidence of the Copper Coins. Ph.D. Dissertation, Princeton University, November, 2000.
A fantastic numismatic study using the coins as a means of elucidating historical information of the Umayyads in Syria. There is a good discussion of pre-reform copper coinage, including extensive coverage of the Standing Caliph coins (Arab-Byzantine). There is a good attempt at a chronology of all the coins. It covers mints in jund Dimashq, Hims, Qinnasrin, Filastin, al-Urdunn, al-Jazira, al-Mawsil, and Arminiya, which include about 30 or more mints. It will be fantastic if the work is converted from a dissertation to a high-quality publication.
[Bonhoff, Friedrich.] Sammlung Dr. med. Friedrich Bonhoff. Teil I. Deutsche Muenzen des Mittelalters. Auktion Katalog 293, Dr. Busso Peus Nachf. Muenzhandlung, Frankfurt am Main, 1977.
A massive collection of over 2000 lots, most photographed, of coins of medieval Germany. The catalogue is becoming a standard reference on the subject.
[Bonhoff, Friedrich.] Sammlung Dr. med. Friedrich Bonhoff. Teil II. Deutsche Muenzen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. Auktion Katalog 295, Dr. Busso Peus Nachf. Muenzhandlung, Frankfurt am Main, 1978.
Additional lots of coins of medieval Germany, along with modern coins of Germany and other countries.
Bonner, Michael. The Mint of Harunabad and al-Haruniyya, 168-171 H. American Journal of Numismatics, Volume 1, pp. 171-193.
Abbasid coinage from the short-lived mint of al-Haruniyya, in Armenia. Harunabad is a Persian name for the same mint. He catalogues sixteen different types struck at the mint during its four-year history and makes a case for the mint’s being in Armenia.
Boon, George C. Welsh Tokens of the 17th Century. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, 1973.
A catalogue of the tradesmens tokens of 17th century Wales in the National Museum of Wales. Legends are written out, and most tokens are photographed, the remainder having line drawings.
Bopearachchi, Osmund and Wilfried Pieper. Ancient Indian Coins. Indicopleustoi Archaeologies of the Indian Ocean 2, Brepols, Turnhout, Belgium, 1998.
This is actually two books in one. The first part covers ancient tribal punchmark coins and was written by Wilfried Pieper. It has a great historical commentary on the coinage from the 5th century BC until ca AD 300. The cataloge covers local punch-marked coins, Magadha-Maurya, Ujjain, Eran, Deccan, North Indian and South Indian dynasties. Each type is nicely described and accompanied by a line drawing, with photographic plates at the end. Part two, by Bopearachchi, covers Bactrians through early Kushan. It, too, has a nice historical commentary followed by a catalogue of Greek coins (Alexander and imitation Athenian owls), Bactrians, Indo-Greeks, Indo-Scythians, Indo-Parthians, and early Kushans. The descriptions and plates are superb. An incredible book.
Bopearachchi, Osmund and Aman ur Rahman. Pre-Kushana Coins in Pakistan. Iftikhar Rasul IRM Associates, Karachi, Pakistan, 1995.
A beautiful production including primarily the private collection of Aman ur-Rahman. More than 1000 coins are described and photographed on high-quality plates, many enlarged. It includes the finds from several hoards and includes Achaemenid, pre-Graeco-Bactrian, Mauryan punchmarks, Graeco-Bactrian, Indo-Greek, Indo-Scythian and Indo-Parthian coins. There is a very nice historical overview. This is one of those books that is beautiful to look at even if you don’t collect the coins.
Bordea, Gh. Poenaru and Eugen Nicolae. Monede Rare si Inedite din Moesia Inferior. Tomis I. De la Augustus la Commodus. Buletinul Societatii Numismatice Romane, Nr. 131-133, Bucharest, pp. 89-107, 1987.
Roman and Roman Provincial coins of Moesia Inferior, all rare or previously unpublished. All coins are photographed and fully described in the article. In Romanian.
Borg, Erkki. Suomi-Finland. Kirjapaino Verbi Oy, Helsinki, 1977. In Finnish.
Coins and banknotes of Finland from Alexander II (Czar of Russia when Finland was a grand duchy) through modern times.
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The Banu Ilyas of Kirman. Pp. 107-124, In: C. E. Bosworth (Ed.), Iran and Islam, In Memory of the Late Vladimir Minorsky. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1971.
A history of the little-known Ilyasid dynasty in Kirman in the AH 350s. The Ilyasids were eventually overrun by the Buwayhids, who held Kirman until it was taken by the Seljuqs. Bosworth says that no coins were issued by the Ilyasids, but Album notes one extremely rare type that has been attributed to them.
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The New Islamic Dynasties. Columbia University Press, New York, 1996.
A historical overview of almost 200 Islamic dynasties, with lists of rulers, dates, and brief historical sketch for each dynasty. There are also notations of which rulers issued coins. Much of the information has come from coins.
Boudeau, E. Monnaies Francaises Provinciales. Cabinet de Numismatique, Paris, 1913. Reprinted by A. G. van der Dussen, Maastricht, 1985.
A fixed price sale of coins of feudal France and the low countries. 2,448 coins are described and many illustrated. In addition to the coins included in Poey d'Avant, it includes Alsace, Lorraine, Monaco, Savoy, Strasbourg, Metz, Hainaut, Namur, Flanders, Brabant and Holland. While most of the catalogue covers medieval coinage, some areas are covered into the early 18th century.
Boudeau, E. Monnaies Gauloises: Nouvelle Edition augmentee d'une Carte de la Gaule. Reprint by A. G. van der Dussen, Maastricht, 1970.
A price guide to Celtic coins of Gaul (France and the Low Countries) based on De La Tour. 480 coins are described, perhaps one in ten illustrated. There is a useful foldout map indicating the ranges of the various Celtic tribes. The prices are apparently in French Francs of the 1910's.
Braun, Rolf and Ilse Braun. Opiumgewichte. Published by the Authors, Landau, 1983.
Historical treatment, descriptions and explanations of Asian "Opium" weights, actually used as general weights, including use with opium, gold, commodities, etc. Many photographs of different type weights and explanations of the significance of the different animal motifs used. In German, with French and English translations.
Brekke, B. F. The Copper Coinage of Imperial Russia, 1700-1917. Foerlagshuset Norder AB, Malmoe, 1977.
Imperial Russia, including the Crimea, Georgia, and the Central Asian Khanates of Bukhara, Khwarizm and Khuqand.
Brekke, B. F. The Copper Coinage of Imperial Russia, 1700-1917: Supplement. Russian Numismatic Society, Akron, Ohio, 1987.
A compilation of new types and dates discovered in the decade since his original book. There is a valuation guide compiled by James Elmen (Worldwide Coins of California). To be used in conjunction with the main volume. Not illustrated.
Brekke, B. F. and Anders Berglund. Danish Dennings. Russian Numismatic Society, Alexandria, VA, 1983. (Photocopy)
A history of the Pechora Company’s misadventures in northern Russia, as well as a history of coining operations of dennings (wire money) at Copenhagen and Gluckstadt. There is a foldout die correlation chart and detailed descriptions of the coin types. Legends are all written out.
Brethes, J. D. Contribution a l'histoire du Maroc par les recherches numismatiques: Monnaies inedites ou tres rares de notre Collection. Banque du Maroc, Casablanca, 1939. Photocopy.
A history of Morocco through its numismatics, although it contains information about lesser dynasties that did not issue coins. Includes ancient Greek, Judea, Carthage, Cyrenia, Rome, and Nabatea, Arab-Byzantine, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Tulunid, Aghlabid, Fatimid, Spanish dynasties (Hudid of Zaragoza, Kings of Murcia), Umayyad of Spain, Idrisid, Hammudid of Malaga, Midrarid, Khazrunid, Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hafsid, Merinid, Wattasid, Ziyanid, Sa'adian, 'Alawi. Coin legends are transliterated into French but not written in Arabic. Contains much history, genealogies, photographic plates.
Breton, P. Napoleon. Illustrated History of the Coins and Tokens Relating to Canada. R. Paul Nadin-Davis Numismatic Service, Ottawa, 1983 Abridged Reprint.
The classic work on tokens of Canada. Bilingual. All tokens illustrated by line drawings.
Bright, Richard K. The Coinage of Kutch. Numismatics International, Dallas, Texas, 1975.
A booklet on the coins of the Indian state of Kutch from the 16th - 20th centuries. Unlike most books of this type, this one is actually useful. For many of the coins for which the designs are larger than the flans, the complete designs are drawn to aid in identification.
Broome, Michael. The Silver Coins of Baybars I without Mint Name. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 24, pp. 219- 223, 1979.
Concludes that several coin types of the Mamluk Baybars I without a mint name are from Damascus, Syria.
Broome, Michael. A Handbook of Islamic Coins. Seaby, London, 1985.
A historical treatment of the development of Islamic coinage from the earliest times to the present. Each chapter begins with the history of a dynasty or geographical area, then concludes with the development of the coinage. Richly illustrated with photographs of almost 400 coins.
Broome, Michael. Questions Raised by the New ‘Dirham’ Coinages of the 6th Century of the Hijra. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 80-87, 1988-1989.
Silver Dirham coinages of the Rum Seljuqs and Ayyubids emerged after more than a century of predominantly copper and gold coinage in the Arabic world. The author raises the questions of where the silver for the new coinage came from, what was the base of the new designs, and was there a relationship between the designs of the coinage of the two dynasties. He suggests that an influx of wealth from Europeans defeated in the Crusades might have at least been partially responsible for the influx of silver.
Brotman, Irwin F. A Guide to the Temple Tokens of India. Shamrock Press, Los Angeles, 1970. Number 660 of 1000 copies, signed by author.
A catalogue of Indian temple tokens, nicely done with good photos on high quality paper. The text includes sections about the history and mythology of India and the Hindu religion. There are separate descriptions of various Hindu deities. Nice book.
Browder, Tim J. Maldive Islands Money. Society for International Numismatics, Santa Monica, California, 1969.
A monograph on coinage of the Islamic sultanate of the Maldive Islands from 1648 to the present. Has Arabic inscriptions with translations of each coin type, all known dates and denominations, and a photograph and line drawing of each coin type. There is a brief history and a good bibliography.
Bruce, Colin R., II, John S. Deyell, Nicholas Rhodes and William F. Spengler. The Standard Guide to South Asian Coins and Paper Money since 1556 AD. Krause Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 1981.
A standard catalogue of coins, banknotes and other paper (cheques, bonds, share certificates, etc.) of India and neighboring states, including Afghanistan, the Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Maldive Islands, Nepal, Pakistan, Portugese India, Ceylon and Tibet.
Brunk, Gregory G. (Ed.) World Countermarks on Medieval and Modern Coins. Quarterman Publications, Lawrence, Mass, 1976.
A collection of papers from The Numismatist and the American Journal of Numismatics. It is divided into World, Europe, U. S., Latin America and the West Indies, and Africa, Asia and the Middle East.
Brunner, Christopher J. The Chronology of the Sasanian Kushanshahs. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 19, pp. 145-164, 1974.
History of Sasanian coinage from 224 to 359. The article contains no coin descriptions, but references descriptions found in other numismatic literature.
[Bruun, L. E.] Sammlung des Herrn L. E. Bruun in Kopenhagen, Schwedische Muenzen. I. Teil, vom Mittelalter bis Gustav Adolph. Auction Catalogue of Adolph Hess Nachfolger, Frankfurt, 1914. Facsimile Reprint, Stockholm, 1967.
Covers coinage of Sweden from 994 until 1634. 991 lots, heavily illustrated on 35 separate plates.
Budde-Jones, Captain Kathryn. Coins of the Lost Galleons. Published by the Author, Kissimmee, Florida, 1993.
A 28-page booklet on Spanish cobs and later coins. The author works with Mel Fisher and was with him during the Atocha salvage. The booklet is an introduction to the coins covering minting techniques, denominations, cross designs, coin types, shields, coats of arms, monarchs of Spain, variations in coin designs among mints, mint marks, and maps.
Bulliet, Richard W. A Mu’tazilite Coin of Mahmud of Ghazna. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 15, pp. 119-129, 1969.
A description of a unique Ghaznavid dirham, Nishapur 387, with a verse from the Quran not seen before on coins. Bulliet concludes that the legends represent adherence to the Mu’tazilite religious faction in Nishapur. This was an ultrarationalist faction that followed the legal code of the Hanafi law school.
Burgos, Fernando Alvarez. Catalogo General de las Monedas Espanolas, Vol. I. La Moneda Hispanica desde sus Origens hasta el Siglo V. Vico & Segarra, 1987. In Spanish.
The coinage of ancient Spain, including Greek and Roman influences.
Burn, Richard. Coins of Jahan Shah Kara Koyunlu and Some Contemporary Rulers. The Numismatic Chronicle, Fifth Series, Vol. XVIII (1935), pp. 173-197, London. Photocopy
A description of an apparent find of 127 coins, 93 of Jahan Shah of the Qara Qoyunlu, the remainder being Timurid, other Qara Qoyunlu, and a coin not of the apparent find of the Khans of Khoqand. There is a running historical narrative and descriptions of 127 coins, with Arabic legends written out only as completely as occur on the coins.
Burnasheva, R. Monety Bukharskovo Khanstva Pri Mangytakh (Seredina XVIII - Nachalo XX v.)/ Coins of the Khans of Bukhara at the time of the Manghits ( Middle of the 18th - Beginning of the 20th Centuries). Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVIII, pp. 113-128, 1967.
The first of two parts of a work covering the Manghits of Bukhara. This one covers the reigns of Shah Murad, Haidor Tora and Sayyid Husayn, the first three rulers of the dynasty. There are decent photos of all types described as well as all dates and date combinations (different dates on obverse and reverse) found on the more than 4000 Manghit coins found in the combined collections of the Hermitage, Museum of History in Moscow, and the Uzbekistan Museum of History.
Burnasheva, R. Monety Bukharskovo Khanstva Pri Mangytakh (Seredina XVIII - Nachalo XX v.)/ Coins of the Khans of Bukhara at the time of the Manghits ( Middle of the 18th - Beginning of the 20th Centuries). Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXII, pp. 67-80, 1972.
The second part of the author’s work on the Manghits of Bukhara beginning with Nasrullah and going to the end of the dynasty. This part lacks photos, but has a continuation of the table with all of the date combinations.
Butak, Behzad. XI. XII. XIII. Yuzyillarda Resimli Turk Paralari/Figured Turkish Coins of the 11th, 12th and 13th Centuries. Pulhan Matbaasi, Istanbul, 1947.
Coins of the Artuqids, Zengids, Lu’lu’ids, Begteginids, Ildegizid, Salduqids, Menkujakid, Danishmandid, Ayyubid of Hisn Kayfa. Complete coin descriptions with Arabic legends and translations into Turkish. The model for the Spengler and Sayles books on these coins.
Butak, Behzad. XI. XII. XIII. Yuzyillarda Resimli Turk Paralari, Ek II: Giyas ud-Din Keyhusrev II bin
Keykubad’in. Puhlan Matbaasi, Istanbul, 1950.
A second supplement to his excellent work on figured Turkish coins. This supplement includes one Dinar and one Dirham of Ghiyas al-Din Kaykhusraw II of a modified lion and sun type. Each coin has two lions facing away with the sun above and between. Nice coins.
Buttrey, T. V., Ann Johnston, Kenneth M. MacKenzie, and Michael L. Bates. Greek, Roman, and Islamic Coins from Sardis. Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Monograph 7, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1981.
A description of coin finds from a major archaeological undertaking in Sardis, Turkey. The Islamic coins include Saruhan, Aydin, Germiyan, Menteshe, Denizli, Hamit, and Ottoman. The Ottoman coins are primarily copper. Legends transliterated. Decent plates.
Buzdugan, George, Octavian Luchian and Constantin C. Oprescu. Monede si Bancnote Romanesti. Editura Sport-Turism, Bucharest, 1977.
The coinage and banknotes of Romania. Covers ancient Romania (Greek, Celtic, Roman, Byzantine), Wallachia, Moldavia, Transylvania and modern Romania. Coins are fully described with photos (poor) or line drawings and complete legends. Includes many varieties of otherwise similar coins. There is an English summary, extensive bibliography, and values.
Bykov, A. A. Abbasidskii Pamyatnii Dirgem Nachala IX Veka/ Abbasid Commemorative Dirhams from the Beginning of the 9th Century. Sovyetskoye Vostokovedeniye, pp. 83-90, 1947. (Photocopy)
The description of an unusual Abbasid dirham dated AH 195 from the time of Caliph al-Mansur. There is no mint name. The central legends cite Umm Jafar bint Abu’l-Fadla, apparently referring to Zubaida, the wife of Harun al-Rashid. The description is of a single known coin.
Bykov, A. A. Daisam ibn Ibrakhim al-Kurdi i yevo Monety/ Daysam b. Ibrahim the Kurd and his Coins.
Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume X, pp. 14-37, 1955.
The coins of Daysam b. Ibrahim al-Kurd are listed in Album’s Checklist under Kurds of Adharbayjan (Azerbaijan). There are descriptions of two coins, Arminiya 330 and Ardabil 340, with beautiful enlarged photos. A majority of the article is a description of the history surrounding Daysam and his issuing of coins.
Bykov, A. A. Monety Daisama ibn Ibrakhima al-Kurdi. XXV Mezhdunarodnii Kongress Vostokovedov,
Izdatel’stvo Vostochnoi Literatury, Moscow, 1960.
This appears to be an offprint from a larger publication. It is a description of the coins of Daysam b. Ibrahim al-Kurd, listed in Album’s Checklist under Kurds of Adharbayjan (Azerbaijan). The author describes 11 coins, all dirhams, from the mints of Barda’, Adharbayjan, Arminiya and Ardabil, dated AH 325-341. Arabic legends are written out, and there are photos of each coin.
Bykov, A. A. Nakhodki Srednevekovykh Indiiskikh Monet v Vostochnoi Yevrope/ Finds of Medieval Indian Coins in Eastern Europe. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XIX, pp. 73-80, 1969.
Finds of Dehli Sultanate coins (gold) of ‘Ala al-Din Muhammad II, Qutb al-Din Mubarak I, Ghiyas al-Din Tughluq I, Muhammad III b. Tughluq, and Firuz III. The sites where the coins were found are along the Volga and Kama rivers near Kazan’, between Moscow and Yaroslavl, and along other rivers west of Moscow near Minsk, Leningrad/St. Petersburg and Kiev.
Bykov, A. A. Redkii Samanidskii Fel’s/ A Rare Samanid Fals. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XX, pp. 72-73, 1971.
A beautifully preserved example of an extremely rare copper fals of Ishaq b. Ahmad, Akhsikath, AH 278. SNAT has only one example, a broken and holed piece dated AH 284. This coin is from the Samanids of Akhsikath, listed separately from the other Samanids in Album’s Checklist, and this is a different Ishaq b. Ahmad than the usurper who issued coins under the main Samanid line in AH 301.
Bykov, A. A. Dva Novykh Dirkhema Daisama ibn Ibrakhima al-Kurdi/ Two New Dirhams of Daysam ibn Ibrahim al-Kurdi. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XX, pp. 74-76, 1971.
Two dirhams of Daysam b. Ibrahim, listed in Album’s Checklist as the only ruler under Kurds of Adharbayjan. These two coins were struck in Barda’a, AH 325, and in Ardebil, AH 338, respectively, and both were in the collection of the Ermitage Museum.
Bykov, A. A. Monety Rashaddina, Ugurskovo Povstantsa. Strany i Narody Vostoka, Part XV, Afrika i Aziya, pp. 288-302, Moscow, 1973.
Rebel coinages from Xinjiang/Sinkiang. It includes much historical background, coin descriptions within the text, a map, and a few photos, mostly of Ghazi Rashid square-holed coppers.
[Byrne, Ray]. Coins and Tokens of the Caribees. Auction catalogue of Jess Peters, Inc., Decatur, Illinois, 1975.
Extensive catalogue of 1457 lots from Ray Byrne's collection of Caribbean coins and tokens. Includes tokens of non-British islands of Cuba, Curacao, Danish West Indies, Dominican Republic, Dutch West Indies, Guadeloupe, Isles du Vent, Haiti, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St. Bartholomew, St. Croix, St. Maarten, Santo Domingo, Vieque, and Dutch and French Guiana, as well as British pieces covered in Pridmore and Clermont and Wheeler.
Cahen, Claude. ‘Abdallatif al-Baghdadi et les Khwarizmiens. Pp. 149-166, In: C. E. Bosworth (Ed.), Iran and Islam, In Memory of the Late Vladimir Minorsky. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1971.
‘Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi was a contempory of the Khwarizmshahs who wrote his memoirs recording events of his time. This article contains a biography of the Khwarizmshahs Muhammad b. Tekish, and account of the Battle of Erzinjan in AH 627, and a biography of Jalal al-Din Mangubarni, all taken from the contemporary memoirs of ‘Abd al-Latif. Interesting contemporary accounts of Khwarizmshah conflicts with the Great Khans (Mongols, Chingizids) and with the Seljuqs of Rum. Not a coin article, but interesting nonetheless.
Cahn, Erich B. Catalogues des Monnaies Suisses. I. Fribourg. Societe Suise de Numismatique, Berne, 1959. Reprinted by Johnson Reprint Corporation, New York, 1966. In French, with German introduction.
Coinage of the Canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, 1446-1848.
Cahn, Erich B. Bayerische Muenzkataloge. Band 3. Die Muenzen des Hochstifts Eichstaett. Verlag Hugo Geiger, Gruenwald bei Muenchen, 1962.
The coinage of the Bishopric of Eichstaett (Eichstaedt), Bavaria, from 985-1802.
Calico, F. Xavier. Florines de Aragon. X. & F. Calico, Barcelona, 1966.
A specialized publication devoted to the gold Florines of medieval Aragon, Spain. There are very few illustrations, but there are drawings of mint marks, legends through various rulers, etc. The Florine circulated widely and was imitated throughout Europe.
Campos Lopez, Teresa. Feluses en las excaviaciones de Jaen. In: A. Canto and V. Salvatierra (Eds.), IV. Jarique de Numismatica Andalusi, Universidad de Jaen, Museo Casa de la Moneda, pp. 111-120, 2000.
Spanish Umayyad coppers found in Jaen. A few are photographed and described.
Cano Avila, Pedro. Dirhemes Califales Hallados cerca de Alcaudete (Jaen). III. Jarique de Numismatica
Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp. 299-311, 1990.
Desriptions of legends and ornamentation of Spanish Umayyad dirhams found in Spain. No photos.
Canto Garcia, Alberto. El Periodo Omeya. El Emirato. La Aparicion de la Tipologia Califal. ‘Abd al-Rahman III: Sus Sucesores. I. Jarique de Estudios Numismaticos Hispano-Arabes, Institucion Fernando el Catolico, Zaragoza, pp. 29-41, 1988.
Typology, with names of other personages, found on Spanish Umayyad coins. Good bibliography.
Canto Garcia, Alberto and Tawfiq Ibrahim. Moneda Andalusi en al Alhambra, Palacio de Carlos V, Granada, Marzo-Agosto 1997. Archivos y Publicaciones Scriptorium, Granada, 1997.
A wonderful catalogue that accompanied an exhibit of Islamic coins at the Palacio de Carlos V in Granada in 1997. The first section follows the evolution of Islamic coinage in Spain from the origins of Islamic coinage through the Umayyads, Taifas, Almoravids, Almohades, and Nasrids of Granada. This section includes brief histories, nice maps, and an overview of the coins. The second section covers the use and manufacture of money and discusses hoards and counterfeiting. The third section is a catalogue of more than 200 coins and related objects,most nicely photographed and fully described. Finally there is a fantastic bibliography. A great book.
Cappe, Heinrich Philipp. Beschreibung der Muenzen von Goslar. E. S. Mittler und Sohn, Dresden, 1860.
Reprinted by Numismatischer Verlag Wolfgang Winkel, Bielefeld, 1974. Numbered copy 95 of limited reprinting of 200 copies.
The coinage of the German free city of Goslar. After 1802 was a part of Prussia, then Westphalia, then Hannover, then Prussia again. Covers 1039 (Holy Roman Empire) through 1764.
Carboni, Stefano. Following the Stars: Images of the Zodiac in Islamic Art. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1997.
An explanation of astrological motifs found in Islamic art and illustrations thereof. There are photos of nice of the Zodiac coins of the Mughal emperor Jahangir, but the book is not primarily numismatic. Very nicely illustrated.
Carter, Martha L. A Numismatic Reconstruction of Kushano-Sasanian History. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 30, pp. 215-261, 1985.
A chronology and history of the Kushano-Sasanians based on numismatic evidence. Nice piece of work.
Casey, P. J. Roman Coinage in Britain. Shire Archaeology 12, Third Edition. Shire Publications, Princes Risborough, England, 1994.
An interesting account of the coinage of Roman England, with emphasis on the economic and social history of the time. It is not a catalogue of Roman coins, but rather an explanation of how and why the coinage of Roman Britain developed.
Castelin, Karel. Grossus Pragensis. Der Pragen Groschen und seine Teilstuecke, 1300-1547. Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1973.
The Prager Groschen of Bohemia. A history, with identification of coins and description of countermarked coins.
Cayon, Adolfo, Clemente Cayon and Juan Cayon. Las Monedas Espanolas del Tremis al Euro, del 411 a Nuestros Dias. Juan R. Cayon, Madrid, 1998.
A huge (almost 1300 page) much-improved replacement for the old Cayon and Castan. This incarnation begins with the Suevii in 411, covers the pre-Visigoth, Visigoth and Islamic coinages of Spain before getting into the more tradional medieval coinage of the previous volume. Each type is photographed. For Islamic coinage, prices (in 1998 pesetas) are given many mints for each type, including north African mints for dynasties like the Muwahhids and others that spanned the Mediterranean and the Strait of Gibraltar. A great overall reference for Spanish coins.
Charlton, J. E. 1964 Standard Catalogue of Canadian Coins, Tokens and Paper Money. 12th Edition. Whitman Publishing Co., Racine, Wisconsin, 1963.
Coins and tokens of Canada, 1670 until 1964.
Cheng Ren Jie. Chinese Copper Coins. Taiwan, 1997. (In Chinese).
The nicest publication I have seen on modern copper coins of China. There are almost 800 different types illustrated with high-quality color photos. It does not cover Sinkiang.
Chijs, J. A. van der. Catalogus der numismatische Afddeling van het Museum van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Lange & Co., Batavia, 1869.
First edition of a listing of the coins in the Museum of the Batavian Society for Art and Science. There are no illustrations and few coin descriptions. Most notations are references to other published works. You win some, you lose some.
Chosky, Jamsheed K. A Sasanian Monarch, His Queen, Crown Prince, and Deities: The Coinage of Wahram II. American Journal of Numismatics, Volume 1, pp. 117-135, 1989.
The Sasanian coinage of Vahran II.
Chu Cho-p’eng and Chu Sheng-t’ao. Xinjiang Red Cash. Hsin Hua Bookstore, Shanghai, 1991. (In Chinese)
The book has rubbings of Xinjiang/Sinkiang coinage of the Ch’ing Dynasty. It’s greatest use for the non-Chinese reader is the ability to compare one’s coins to different die varieties in the catalogue, one step in determining if a coin is counterfeit. The rubbings are not always clear, especially for the lower denominations.
Ciani, Louis. Les Monnaies Royales Francaises de Hugues Capet a Louis XVI. Paris, 1926. Reprint by A. G. Van der Dussen, Maestricht, The Netherlands, 1969.
Royal French coinage from Hugh Capet (956) until Louis XVI (1793).
Clain-Stefanelli, Elvira. Select Numismatic Bibliography. Stack's, New York, 1965.
An extensive bibliography of literature relating to numismatics. It covers major references to all fields of numismatics published through 1965.
Clain-Stefanelli, Elvira. Numismatic Bibliography. Battenberg-Verlag, Munich, 1985.
The most complete and most cited numismatic bibliography. It lists 18,311 references covering all facets of numismatics. Most include only the bibliographic citation, but there are some with notations elaborating a bit more about the subject. Especially noteworthy references are marked with an asterisk.
Clark, C. R. Florida Tokens. Published by the author, St. Petersburg, Florida, 1990.
The standard reference on Florida tokens in all metals (and other materials) from the 1880s until 1990. The book is arranged alphabetically by city. There are over 6,000 tokens listed, many photographed.
Clarke, Robert L. and A. Mohabat-Ayin. Modern Coinage or Iran, 1293 AH-1353 SH, 1876 AD-1974 AD. Numismatics International, Dallas, 1974.
A small book on the machine-struck coins of Iran under the shahs. Legends are transliterated but not written out in Persian.
de Clermont, Andre P. and John Wheeler. Spink's Catalogue of British Colonial and Commonwealth Coins. Spink and Son, London, 1986.
Coins and tokens of the British Commonwealth and Colonies, adapted from Pridmore and in the format of Krause and Mishler. Includes valuations.
Cobwright, Mullhulland Ignatious. Evasives 1993. Published by C.O.B., Beeston, England, 1993.
An work on the evasion coinage of 19th century England and Ireland. The only serious update of Atkins. Not illustrated.
Codera y Zaidin, Don Franciso. Tratado de Numismatica Arabigo-Espanola. Originally published by Libreria de M. Murillo, Madrid, 1879. Reprinted by Juan R. Cayon, Madrid, 1977.
Description of two museum collections of Islamic dynasties in Spain and adjacent North Africa. Includes early Latin-Arabic coins, Umayyads, the various Muluk al-Tawa'if, Almohades, Almoravids, and later coins. Full descriptions with Arabic legends written out and Spanish translations. There are many useful tables, 24 plates, and a supplement describing each mint town found on the various coins.
Codrington, H. W. Ceylon Coins and Currency. Memoirs of the Colombo Museum, Saries A., No. 3, Colombo, 1924. Reprinted 1975.
Catologue of all coins known to have circulated in Ceylon. Includes ancients, Roman and Byzantine, medieval Ceylon (Kandy Kings, etc., medieval India, Portugese, Dutch, British, Islamic, and others. Islamic coins include Umayyad, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Rum Seljuqs, Zengid, Mamluks, Ilkhan, Rasulid, and Indian sultanates. Also larins and early Persian shahs. A lot of good history. Coin legends transliterated only.
Codrington, O. A Manual of Musalman Numismatics. Originally published as Asiatic Society Monographs, Volume VII, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1904. Reprinted by Eastern Book House, Patna, India, 1990.
A thorough (in 1904) list of legends, names, titles, mint towns, and other features of Islamic coins in English and Arabic. Very useful for coin identification. The list of mint towns explains which dynasties minted coins there and gives their location by modern country and with latitude and longitude!
Codrington, O. Further note on Musalman coins collected by Mr. G. P. Tate in Seistan. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 547-553, 1905.
Brief notes on Saffarid and Mehrabanid coins with legends fully written out where known.
Coffing, Courtney L. A Guide and Checklist of World Notgeld, 1914-1947, and Other Local Issue Emergency Monies. Krause Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 1988.
A list of cities from all countries issuing various forms of emergency money (Notgeld), including banknotes, coins, encased stamps, etc. There is an extensive bibliography on literature pertaining to emergency money. Few illustrations, and not even a guide to types. Except for the guide to the literature, probably minimally useful.
Coole, Arthur Brandon. Coins in China’s History. Fourth Edition, Inter-Collegiate Press, Mission, Kansas, 1965.
One of the classic publications on Chinese coins. It has a short historical overview, maps, reign titles, assistance in dating modern coins, and nice black and white photos of coins from ancient spades through modern coins. The end of the book has a neat year-by-year time line of the history of China.
Coole, Arthur Brandon. Encyclopedia of Chinese Coins, Volume 2. The Early Coins of the Chou Dynasty. Quarterman Publications, Inc., Lawrence, Masachusetts, 1973.
A very detailed catalogue of cowries (natural and other materials), ant-nose types, hollow-handle spades and thick and heavy spades of the Chou dynasty. All pieces illustrated with great help in reading and translating the characters found on these.
Coole, Arthur Brandon. Encyclopedia of Chinese Coins, Volume 5. Ch’i Heavy Sword Coins and Debatable Pieces of the Chou Era. Quarterman Publications, Inc., Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1976.
A very detailed catalogue of heavy pointed knives of ancient China. The debatable pieces are mostly Bridge Money and Fish Money. There are many, many types illustrated, and there are glossaries of the seal script characters and detailed discussions of reading the different seal characters.
Coole, Arthur Brandon. Encyclopedia of Chinese Coins, Volume 6. State of Ming Knife Coins and Minor Knife Coins. Quarterman Publications, Inc., Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1976.
In-depth catalogue of Ming knives and other smaller knife coins of ancient China. There are good drawings of the different types and glossaries/tables of the characters found on the different knives.
Cope, Geoffrey M. and P. Alan Rayner. The Standard Catalogue of English Milled Coinage in Silver, Copper and Bronze, 1662-1972. Spink and Son, London, 1975.
Detailed catalogue with rarity by grade, average condition, and varieties. Charles II through Elizabeth II.
Craig, Alan K. Gold Coins of the 1715 Spanish Plate Fleet: A Numismatic Study of the State of Florida
Collection. Florida Archaeology, Number 4, Florida Bureau of Archaeological Research, 1988.
A description of gold coinage of Colonial Spain in the Florida State collection. Includes a good historical treatment of the period. Focuses on Lima, Cuzco, Mexico and Santa Fe de Bogata mints. Beautiful color plates, line drawings illustrating 23 types. All the coins were salvaged from shipwrecks of the coast of Florida.
Craig, William D. Germanic Coinages (Charlemagne through Wilhelm II). William D. Craig, Mountain View, California, 1954. With Supplement.
An extensive guide to identification of coins of German states, with history and rulers of cities and states and a general monetary history of Germany.
Credit Communal de Belgique. One Money for Europe. Credit Communal de Belgique, Brussels, 1991.
Published in conjunction with an exhibit at the Credit Communal and the convening of the XIth International Numismatic Congress at the time of the introduction of the ECU as a potential single monetary unit for Europe. It is a series of short papers, the authors of which represent a who’s who of European numismatics. The papers cover Greek before Athenian Owls, Attic Tetradrachm, Magna Graecia, Federal Coinage in Greece, Roman Denarius, Roman Empire in general, Celts, Solidus and Besant in Western Europe, Carolingian, Denier of Friesach as international trade coin, Luxembourg coinage, Scandinavia, Catalonian solution to International Monetary Union, Union of Elector of the Rhine Burgundy, Return to large coinage, the Sterling, The Ducat, the Florin, Royal French coinage, the Thaler, the Maria Teresa Thaler, the Sovereign, Germanal Franc and the Latin Union, German Zollverein, Currency, Resistance to and problems of a common currency, the ECU. Great maps, outstanding photos.
Cresswell, O. D. Chinese Cash. Durst Publications, New York, 1979.
A decent introduction to Chinese Cash. Includes some historical notes, descriptions of the most common types, line drawings, and a few useful guides to identification not found elsewhere, especially tables of Chinese and Mongol characters found on coin reverses. Not comprehensive, but useful.
Cribb, Joe. The Sino-Kharosthi Coins of Khotan: Their Attribution and Relevance to Kushan Chronology, Part 1. Numismatic Chronicle, Volume 144, pp. 128-152, 1984.
Cribb, Joe. The Sino-Kharosthi Coins of Khotan: Their Attribution and Relevance to Kushan Chronology, Part 2. Numismatic Chronicle, Volume 145, pp. 136-149, 1985.
These two articles are a great discussion of copper and lead coins found around Khotan in Xinjiang/Sinkiang. The coins have inscriptions in both Chinese and Kharosthi. He provides line drawings and photos of all types, and there is an extensive analysis and explanation of the meanings of symbols and legends. He puts them all in a historical context and draws conclusions about Kushan history from the coins.
Cribb, Joe, Barrie Cook and Ian Carradice. The Coin Atlas: The World of Coinage from its Origins to the Present Day. Facts on File, New York, 1990.
An extensive overview of every coin-issuing country with a summary of the coinage, maps and many photographs of coins and related items. A very useful reference.
Crusafont i Sabater, M. Barcelona i la Moneda Catalana. Caixa de Pensions, Barcelona, 1989.
A really nice coffee table-type book on the coinage of Barcelona and Catalan. It covers ancient and medieval coinages, with hundreds of coins photographed, many greatly enlarged. There is a good historical overview of the development of the coinage and a good bibliography. Written in Catalan.
Cummings, Michael L. Modern Japanese Coinage: 1870-Date. Self Published. Tokyo, 1975. Signed by author.
A nice book with much more information about the modern coinage of Japan than found in Krause or other general publications. Includes a brief numismatic history of Japan. There are explanations of legends, a section on mints and mintmarks, lists of rulers, etc.
Cunningham, Alexander. Coins of the Indo-Scythians. Originally published London, 1888, 1889, 1890. Reprint by Indological Book House, Delhi, 1971.
A collection of papers on ancient India originally published in the Numismatic Chronicle. Part I is a general introduction with tables of monograms, legends and titles. Subsequent parts cover the Tochari, Kushans or Yue-ti, the Sakas, King Miaus (or Heraus), Kushans or Great Yue-Ti (again). The plates are on the good side of mediocre, and there are many tables of coins descriptions and much historical background.
Cunningham, Alexander. Coins of Mediaeval India from the Seventh Century down to the Muhammadan
Conquests. Originally published London, 1893. Reprint by Oriental Reprint, Delhi, 1967.
A nice treatment of medieval Indian coins, including Indo-Sasanian, bull and horseman, and other well-known types. The coins are described, but the legends are not written out in the original language, only transliterated. The plates are mediocre.
Cunz, Reiner. Moneta Goslariensis: Goslarer Muenzen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. Niedersaechsisches Muenzkabinett der Deutschen Bank, Hannover, 1989.
A brief pamphlet to accompany an exhibit of the coins of Goslar from early medieval times to the present. There are no illustrations. A decent bibliography and good, although short, historical overview.
Cunz, Reiner. Kleine Muenzgeschichte der Stadt Hannover, 1438-1674. Niedersaechsisches Muenzkabinett der Deutschen Bank, Hannover, 1991.
A nicely produced booklet to accompany an exhibit on the history of the coins of Hannover. Includes a good historical overview, some nice color photographs, and an extensive bibliography.
Cunz, Reiner. Vom Taler zur Mark: Einfuehrung in die Muenz- und Geldgeschichte Nordwestdeutschlands von 1500 bis 1900. Deutsche Bank, Hannover, 1996.
A booklet to accompany a travelling bank exhibit of the coinage of northwest Germany. Includes numerous color photos of coins and banknotes, a good bibliography, and a great historical overview. Mostly Lower Saxony and Braunschweig.
Curiel, Raoul and Rika Gyselen. Une Collection de Monnaies de Cuivre Arabo-Sasanides. Studia Iranica, Cahier 2. Association pour l’Avancement des Etudes Iraniennes, Paris, 1984.
Very good descriptions and guides to identification of early Islamic Arab-Sasanian copper coins. Nice line drawings and full legends.
Curtis, B. Thomas. Salah-ad-Din and the Jazira Campaigns of A.H. 578 and A.H. 581: The Evidence of the Figured Coins. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 88-97, 1988-1989.
The author attempts to correlate the advent of various figural bronzes of the Turkish atabegs with specific historical events of Salah al-Din (Saladin).
Dalton, Richard. The Silver Token-Coinage Mainly Issued Between 1811 and 1812 Described and Illustrated. Reprint by Seaby, London, 1968 of original 1922 edition.
Silver token coinage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Guernsey and the Isle of Man.
Dalton, Richard and S. H. Hamer. The Provincial Token-Coinage of the 18th Century. Reprint by Quarterman Publications, Lawrence, Mass., 1977, of original edition of 1910.
Token coinage of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.
Daoud, Dr. Mayssa Mahmoud. Archaeological and Artistic Study of the Fatimid Numismatic Set at the Museum of Islamic Art in Cairo. Dar al-Fikr al-‘Arabi, Cairo, 1991 (in Arabic, with English summary)
A very useful catalogue of Fatimid coins from the Museum collection. Most of the coin legends are written out in tabular form (more than 250 pages), and there are mediocre, but readable, photos on many photographic plates. The analysis of the coins is in Arabic. A great help for reading legends and identifying coins.
Dar, Shimon and Arie Kindler. The Coins from the Mamluk Enclosure at Nebi Hazuri. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 129-136, 1988-1989.
A hoard of more than 100 coins, including Mamluk coins from 1260-1498 AD, indicates that the site was a long-term continuous Mamluk settlement.
Darley-Doran, Robert E. History of Currency in the Sultanate of Oman. The Central Bank of Oman, Muscat, 1990/1411.
A beautifully laid-out history of Islamic coinage in this part of the Arabian Peninsula. Not a catalogue, but richly illustrated with enlarged photographs. Each chapter is a different century of coinage from the earliest Umayyads to the present. Includes Abbasid, Saffarid, Wajihid, Buwayhid, Qarmatid, Mukramid, Qalhatid, Rasulid. The legends of most coins are written out in the Arabic text, with transliter-ations and translations in the English test.
Darley-Doran, Robert E. History of Currency in the State of Bahrain. Published on behalf of Bahrain Monetary Agency by Spink and Son, Ltd, London, 1996.
A slick publication that is a general survey of coinage of the Arabian peninsula over time. Includes ancient Greek, Roman, Byzantine and Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Zanj Rebellion, Aghlabid, Tulunid, Saffarid, Samanid, Fatimid, Umayyad of Spain,‘Abbadids of Seville, Murabitid, Kingdom of Murcia, Muwahhidid, Marinid, Hafsid, Ikhshidid, Qarmatid, Ayyubid, Amirs of ‘Aththar, Najahid, Sulayhid, Rasulid, Buwayhid, Ghaznavid, Qarakhanid, Hasanwayhid, Kakwayhid, Anazid, Great Seljuq, Iraq Seljuq, Zangid, Khwarezmshah, Batinid, Seljuq of Rum, Mamluk, Ottoman, Ilkhan, Qutlughkhanid, Injuyid, Muzaffarid, Timurid, Qalhatid, Aq Qoyunlu, Safavid, Afsharid, Qajar, Zand, Mughal, and modern coins. Beautiful photos, but coins not fully described. More of a coffee table book.
Daryaee, Touraj. The Use of Religo-Political Propaganda on the Coinage of Xusro II. ANS American Journal of Numismatics, Vol. 9, pp. 41-53.
Explanation of changes in types of Sasanian drachmas of Xusro II.
Davenport, John S. The Silver Dollars of Africa. Whitman Publishing Company, Racine, Wisconsin, 1959.
His first book on Thaler/Dollar-sized coins. It is a type catalogue including Algeria, Angola, Belgian Congo, Congo Free State, Comoros Islands, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, German East Africa, Ghana, Gold Coast, Ile de France, Morocco, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, South African Republic, Southern Rhodesia, Sudan, Tripoli, Tunis, Union of South Africa and Zanzibar. Also includes the Maria Teresa Thaler and various patterns and fantasies.
Davenport, John S. German Talers, 1700-1800. Second Edition. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1965.
Talers of German States from the 18th century. Includes a brief historical overview prior to each coin-issuing entity's entry.
Davenport, John S. German Church and City Talers, 1600-1700. Published by the author, Galesburg, Illinois, 1967.
Talers issued by German cities and ecclesiastical states or rulers in the 17th century.
Davenport, John S. The Talers of the Austrian Noble Houses. Organization of International Numismatists,
Galesburg, Illinois, 1972.
This is a small paperback book, 62 pages, that covers Austrian talers. It is done in the style of his larger books. It includes a map of the coverage, which goes into Bohemia, Silesia, Moravia and Hungary.
Davenport, John S. European Crowns, 1700-1800. Third Edition. Publishes by the author, Galesburg, Illinois, 1971.
Non-German crown-sized coins of Europe in the 18th century. Includes coinage of Austria and Hungary issued by the Habsburgs.
Davenport, John S. European Crowns, 1600-1700. Published by the author, Galesburg, Illinois, 1974.
Non-German crown-sized coins of Europe in the 17th century.
Davenport, John S. German Secular Talers, 1600-1700. Numismatischer Verlag P. N. Schulten, Frankfurt am Main, 1976.
A catalogue of talers issued by the rulers of German states in the 17th century.
Davenport, John S. European Crowns, 1484-1600. Numismatischer Verlag P. N. Schulten, Frankfurt am Main, 1977.
Non-German European crowns of the late 15th and entire 16th centuries.
Davenport, John S. German Talers, 1500-1600. Numismatischer Verlag P. N. Schulter, Frankfurt am Main, 1979.
German talers in the 16th century. Includes cities, states and ecclesiastical issues.
Davenport, John S. Eastern Baltic Regional Coinage, A. D. 1425-1581. Numismatics International, Dallas, 1996.
The coinage of several small Baltic states before they began to be absorbed by kingdoms. Includes Livonian Order, Archbishops of Riga, Joint coinages of Knights and Archbishop, Bishopric of Dorpat, Bishoprics of Oesel, Curland and Reval, Duchy of Curland, Teutonic Order of Knights in Prussia, and the City of Riga. Most coins drawn or photographed and provided with full descriptions. Includes maps and identification of coats of arms.
Davenport, John S. and Tyge Sondergaard. Large Size Silver Coins of the World. Published by the senior author, Galesburg, Illinois, 1972.
A catalogue of multiple talers of the world.
Davidovich, E. A. Klad Mednikh Dzhagataidskikh Monet XIII v./ A Hoard of Copper Chagatayid Coins of the13th Century. Doklady Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR, Number 6, pp. 35-38, 1949.
A hoard of copper broad dirhams struck in Otrar, AH 654-656.
Davidovich, E. A. Nadpisi na Sredneaziatskikh Serebryanykh Monetakh XVI v./ Legends on Central Asian Silver Coins of the 16th Century. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume VII, pp. 30-40.
Reading of the legends of Shaybanid tankas from four rulers - Kuchunji, Abu Sa’id, ‘Ubayd Allah, ‘Abd Allah II, and others. There are line drawings of six coin types from the four named rulers.
Davidovich, E. A. Termezskii Klad Mednykh Poserebrennykh Dirkhemov 617/1220 g/ A Hoard of Silver-washed Copper Dirhams from Termez from 617/1220. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume VIII, pp. 43-55, 1953.
Two types of bronze broad dirhams from the reign of the Khwarizmshah Muhammad b. Tekish. Both types are dated AH 617 and are from the Termez (Tirmidh) mint. The second type has a really nice bow and arrow motif in the center of the obverse. Line drawings and descriptions of both types and lots of history.
Davidovich, E. A. Monetniye Nakhodki na Territorii Tadzhikistana v 1953 g./ Coin Finds in the Territory of Tadjikistan in 1953. Dokladi Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR, Number 11, pp. 69-79, 1954.
An analysis of hoards of Ghaznavid dirhams plus a list of other hoards found in 1953, including Sogdian coins in Pendzhikent.
Davidovich, E. A. Vtoraya Moneta Samanida Nukha ibn Asada/ A Second Coin of the Samanid Nuh b. Asad. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XI, pp. 38-39, 1954.
The description of a rare copper fals in the Uzbekistan Museum of History in Tashkent. The coin was found in Tashkent in 1947. It was struck in Binkat (Tashkent/al-Shash), but the date is missing. There is an alif at the beginning, indicating either 1, 2 or 4 is the first word of the date, and it ends in mi’atin (200). The date falls somewhere in the range of 211-224.
Davidovich, E. A. Ferganskiye Samanidy po Numizmaticheskim Dannym/ Samanids in Ferghana through Numismatic Evidence. Epigrafika Vostoka, Vol. XI, pp. 14-26, 1956.
A short article about the Samanids of Akhsikath in the Ferghana Valley. Legends of some of the coins are written out in the body of the text, but there are no formal coin descriptions or plates. The coins are all copper.
Davidovich, E. A. Numizmaticheskiye Materialy dlya Khronologii i Genealogii Sredneaziatskikh Karakhanidov/ Numismatic Material for a Chronology and Genealogy of the Central Asian Qarakhanids. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Ch. 2 [Trudy GIM, Bypusk 26, Moscow, pp. 91-119, 1957.
An early attempt to make sense of the myriad of names and titles on Qarakhanid coinage. There are some coin legends and reconstructions of coins in the text. The work on chronology and genealogy is largely superceded by Kochnev’s work.
Davidovich, E. A. Klad Sredneaziatskikh Pulov Pervoi Chetverti XVI v./ A Hoard of Central Asian Puls from the First Quarter of the 16th Century. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. I, pp. 193-198, 1960.
A description of anonymous copper puls that appear to be from Bukhara from the first two decades of the AH 900s (Shaybanid Dynasty). There is a drawing of one of the coins, and it actually has the denomination pul on it.
Davidovich, E. A. Iz Oblasti Denezhnovo Obrashcheniya v Srednei Azii XI-XII vv./ Regional Monetary
Circulation in Central Asia in the 11th-12th Centuries. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Volume II, pp. 92-117, 1960.
An analysis of hoards of coins from Central Asia. Most of the coins discussed in the article are Qarakhanid. There are no coin descriptions, but rather an analysis of the circulation patterns.
Davidovich, E. A. Samanidskiye Monety Kuby/ Samanid Coins of Quba. Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1960(2), pp. 254-257, 1960.
A description of three Samanid dirhams dated AH 341, 349 and 356 from the Quba/Kuba mint in Ferghana. The legends are completely written out in Arabic. There are no photos or drawings.
Davidovich, E. A. Istoriya Monetnovo dela Srednei Azii XVII-XVIII vv. Zolotiye i Serebryaniye Moneti
Dzhanidov) (The History of Coinage of Central Asia in the 17th and 18th centuries: Gold and Silver Coins of the Janids). Academy of Science of Tadzhik SSSR, Dushanbe, 1964.
A detailed history of the coinage of the Islamic Janid dynasty of central Asia. Includes a good typology of coins in gold and silver and has Arabic legends written out. Good photographic plates and many like drawings of types in text.
Davidovich, E. A. Materiali dla Kharacteristiki Chekana i Obrashcheniya Sredneaziatskikh Mednikh Monet XV v./Materials for Characterizing the Striking and Conversion of Central Asian Copper Coinage of the 15th Century. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. V, pp. 225-248, 1965.
A description two large hoards (almost 2000 pieces) of copper coins of the Timurid and Shaybanid dynasties found in southern Tadzhikistan. Includes thorough descripitions and analyses of the coins, including Arabic inscriptions, countermarks, mints, dates. Photographic plates at the end of the article. Probably the best work on these Central Asian coppers.
Davidovich, Elena A. Po Povodu Dvukh Kladov Mednykh Monet XV v. iz Tadzhikistana/ On Two Hoards of Copper Coins of the 15th Century from Tadjikistan. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVII, pp. 111-119, 1966.
The first hoard had 41 examples of coppers from Samarqand, AH 823, shown with nice line drawings and legends written out. She shows two die varieties of the reverse with the date. The second hoard had 37 coins, one from Urdu, AH 861, and the others all from AH 832. The latter were from Bukhara, Andijan, Karsh, Termiz, Shakhrukhi and Urdu. There are no line drawings of these, but they are described in the text with Arabic legends written out.
Davidovich, Elena A. Denezhnoye Obrashchenniye v Maverannakhre pri Samanidakh/ Monetary Circulation in Transoxania. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. VI, pp. 103-134, 1966.
An analysis of circulation of gold, silver and copper coins of the Samanids in 10th century Central Asia. The article does not contain coin descriptions, but rather is an analysis of hoards to examine the extent to which coins circulated at the time.
Davidovich, E. A. Klad Serebryanikh Monet XVI v. iz Takzhikistana/A Hoard of 16th Century Silver Coins from Tadzhikistan. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. VIII, pp. 67-80, 1970.
A hoard of silver coins of the Islamic Shaybanid dynasty. She describes the coins with full Arabic legends. Includes three plates of photographs.
Davidovich, E. A. Denezhnoye Khozyaistvo Srednei Azii posle Mongol’skovo Zavoevaniya i reforma Mas’ud- Beka (XIII v.) (Monetary Economy of Central Asia after the Mongol Conquest and the Reform of Mas’ud Beg (13th Century). Academy of Science of the Tadzhik SSR and Academy of Science of the USSR, Moscow, 1972.
Monetary history and description of coins of the Islamic Chaghatayid dynasty. Includes a good typology of coins and has Arabic legends written out. A few photographic plates.
Davidovich, E. A. Denezhnaya Reforma Kuchkunji-Khan (XVI B.)/ Monetary Reform of Kuchkunji-Khan (16th Century). Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. X, pp. 174-204, 1972.
Islamic coinage of the Shaybanid Kuchkunji. Includes many line drawings of coin types and full descriptions with Arabic legends.
Davidovich, E. A. Denezhnoye Khozyaistvo na Territorii Yuzhnovo Tadzhikistana i Uzbekistana vo Vtorom Desyatilyetii XVI v. (Materiali dlya Kharakteristiki obshchevo i osobennovo v Denezhnom obrashchenii raznikh oblastei Srednei Azii/Copper coin economy in the Territory of Southern Tadzhikistan and Uzbekistan in the second decade of the XVIth Century (Material for the Characterization of general and specific monetary matters in different parts of Central Asia. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik I, Part Five, pp. 7-87. Trudi Gosudarstvennovo Ordena Lenina Istoricheskovo Muzeya, Moscow, 1977.
Description and analysis of central Asian copper coins during Shaybanid times. Her usual articles with nice line drawings and full descriptions of types.
Davidovich, E. A. Kladi Drevnikh i Srednevekovikh Monet Tadzhikistana. (Hoards of Ancient and Medieval Coins from Tadzhikistan. Published by the Soviet Academy of Science and the Tadzhikistan Academy of Science, Moscow, 1979.
An analysis of 84 hoards, with ancients through 19th century Islamic. Includes ancient Greek, Kushan, Kushan-Sasanian, Roman, Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Ghaznavid, Qarakhanid, Kharizmshahs, Ghorid of Bamiyan (p. 232), Chaghatayid, Timurid, Amir of Qunduz, Shaybanid, Janid, Khans of Khoqand and Khans of Khiva. Many photographic plates, full descriptions of many coins, index of mints.
Davidovich, E. A. Istoriya Denezhnovo Obrashcheniya Srednevekovoi Srednei Azii (Medniye Moneti XV - Pervoi Chetverti XVI v v Maverannakhre)/History of Monetary Circulation in Medieval Central Asia (Copper Coins of the 15th - First Quarter of the 16th Century in Transoxania. Izdatel’stvo “Nauka” Glavnaya Redaktsiya Vostochnoi Literaturi, Moscow, 1983.
An in-depth treatment of the copper coinage of the Islamic Shaybanid and Timurid dynasties. The first part of the book is a detailed typology of coin types and countermarks with lists of mints and dates. Arabic legends are written out in full. The second part of the book is a detailed history of coin circulation and metrology. All types are illustrated with line drawings in the text.
Davidovich, E. A. Klad Serebryanykh Monet (Tanga) Sheibanidov i Dzhanidov i Nekotoriye Voprosy Denezhnovo Obrashcheniya v XVI - XVII vv./ A Hoard of Silver Coins (Tankas) of the Shaybanids and Janids and some Questions of the Monetary Circulation in the 16th - 17th Centuries. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXIV, pp. 78-93, 1988.
Description of a hoard of 55 Shaybanid and Janid tankas found in Denau, Uzbekistan. Coins fully described with Arabic legends. Some of the coins are unique or very rare. The author analyzed the hoard to address questions of weight and fineness of tankas, small tankas (Tangache) and Khanis at the time of the Timurids and Shaybanids.
Davidovich, E. A. Karakhanidskiye Fel’sy Khudzhanda 390/999-1000 g. (Voprosy atributsii)/ Qarakhanid fulus of Khujand dated AH 390 (Questions of Attribution). Near East and Georgia, Tbilisi, pp. 158-171, 1991.
The author examines three Qarakhanid fulus of Khujand 390. The are issues of Ahmad b. ‘Ali, the head of the Qarakhanid dynasty, and mention his brother, Ahmad b. ‘Ali as his vassal. One of the coins had been published by Lane-Poole in the BMC catalogues and read incorrectly.
Davidovich, E. A. Korpus Zolotii i Cerebryanii Monet Sheibanidov, XVI Vek. (Corpus of Silver and Gold Coins of the Shaybanids, 16th Century). Published by the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, 1992. In Russian.
An extensive treatment of the Islamic Shaybanid dynasty of central Asia (Uzbekistan). Based on a study of over 2700 coins, includes full descriptions of coins with Arabic legends, tables cross-referencing all mint and date combinations, and reasonable plates. Much historical text, but in Russian. The best reference on the dynasty.
Davidovich, E. A. Mukhammad b. Tekesh i Poslediniye Karakhanidi (Numizmaticheskiye Korrektivi/
Muhammad bin Tekish and the Following Qarakhanids (Numismatic Corrections). Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 2, pp. 172-199, 1994.
A discussion of the attribution of copper coinage from the early seventh century AH of the Kharizmshah Muhammad bin Tekish and contemporary Qarakhanids. Much of the discussion focuses on the different epithets found on the broad copper coinage. The article is not a catalogue or description of coins, but there are many legends written out in Arabic in the text. No coins are illustrated.
Davidovich, E. A. Noviye dirkhemii Akhsiketa - dlya istorii Kharakhanidov pervoi chetverti XI v./Newly found dirhams of Akhsikat - for the history of the 1st quarter of the 11th Century AD. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 4, pp. 97-118, 1995.
A description of 37 Qarakhanid dirhams struck in Akhsikat (Ferghana). Includes full Arabic inscriptions and tables of legends.
Davidovich, E. A. O Standartakh Chistoti i Vesovikh Standartakh Serebryanikh Monet Timura i Timuridov (konyets XIV-XV vv./On the Standards of Fineness and Weight Standards of the Timur and Timurid Silver Coins (late 14th-15th centuries AD. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 4, pp. 119-154, 1995.
An analysis of the numismatic history of the early Timurids. There are some tables of coin legends, but no descriptions of specific coins.
Davidovich, E. A. Narshakhi i Kubavi o Reforme Gitrifa, Metalle i Kurse Monet Gitrifi (Otsenka dostovernocti Soobshchenii/Narshakhi and Qubawi on Ghitrif’s Reform, The Metallic Content and Circulation of the Ghitrifi Coins (estimation of authenticity). Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp. 17-69, 1997.
An extensive review of contemporary literature on the metallic content of one class of Arab-Bukharan coins. English summary, no coin descriptions.
Davidovich, Elena A. Moneti Mukhammada b. Tekesha (1200-1200) iz Klada, Naidennovo na Territorii Starovo Termeza/ Coins of Muhammad b. Takish (1200-1220) from a Hoard Found on the Site of Stary Termez. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp. 189-203, 1997.
Previously unknown coins of the Khwarizmshah Muhammad bin Tekesh from Termez, Balkh, Chaganiyan, and Samarqand. Full descriptions with legends written out, nice line drawings of types. English summary.
Davis, W. J. The Nineteenth Century Token Coinage of great Britain, Ireland, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man, to which are Added Tokens of over One Penny of any Period. Reprint of original 1904 edition by B. A. Seaby Ltd., London, and Sanford J. Durst, New York, 1979.
The standard reference on tokens, particularly copper ones, of the British isles. It includes countermarks on coins from the period. In addition to a description of the tokens, there are historical notes on the entities who issued the pieces.
Davisson, Allan. Token Catalog and Handbook. 18th Century Tokens as Catalogued by Dalton and Hamer and selected other Britiesh Tokens. Published by the author, Cold Spring, Minnesota, 1991.
An extensive listing of British tokens for sale with historical information, an annotated bibliography of literature related to British tokens, and other information related to collecting and care of tokens. The tokens include a few medieval types, including 13th century sewn tokens.
De La Tour, Henri. Atlas de Monnaies Gauloises. Original published by E. Plon, Nourrit et Cie, Paris, 1892. Reprinted by Lund Humphries for Spink & Son, London, 1968
Fifty-five plates of line drawings of Celtic coins. The only text is a brief description of the coins on the plates and an alphabetical index. Each coin is attributed to the Celtic tribe that issued it. A standard reference.
Delmonte, A. Le Benelux D'Or. Jacques Schulman N.V., Amsterdam, 1964. In French and Dutch.
Gold coinage of the low countries from Celtic and Merovingian times until the present. Includes Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, as well as all subdivisions.
Delmonte, A. Le Benelux D'Argent. Jacques Schulman N.V.,Amsterdam, 1967. In French, Dutch and English.
Crowns, Half-crowns, quarter crowns and siege coins struck in the territories of the former Northern and Southern Netherlands. 1506 until the early 19th century.
Delmonte, A. Supplement au Benelux D'Argent. Jacques Schulman N.V., Amsterdam, 1975. In French, Dutch and English.
A supplement to the earlier book on silver coinage of the low countries. It includes many new types and new dates, as well as updated rarity figures.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies des Ducs de Brabant. I. (1106-1467). Numismatic Pocket No. 1, De Mey, Watermael, Belgium, 1974.
Coinage of the Low Countries, Brabant (Belgium and the Netherlands).
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies de Reckheim (1340?-1720). Numismatic Pocket No. 6, De Mey, Brussels, 1968.
Coinage of Belgium, Reckheim.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies des Ducs de Brabant. II. 1467-1598 Numismatic Pocket No. 7, De Mey, Brussels, 1976.
Coinage of the Low Countries, Brabant (Belgium and the Netherlands).
De Mey, Jean. De Zeeuwse Munten. Numismatic Pocket No. 8, De Mey, Brussels, 1969. In Dutch.
Coinage of Zeeland (1168-1795), Middelburg (1572-74), Zierikzee (1575-76), Dutch East India Company (VOC) (1602-1794), and the Batavian Republic (1795-98). Netherlands.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies de Bretagne (781-1547). Numismatic Pocket No. 10, De Mey, Brussels, 1970.
Coinage of Brittany, France.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies de Namur (946-1714). Numismatic Pocket No. 11, De Mey, Brussels, 1971.
Coinage of Namur, Belgium.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies de Bourgogne. Numismatic Pocket No. 14, De Mey, Brussels, 1973.
Coinage of Bourgogne (Burgundy), France, 900-1750.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies du Comtat Venaissin. Numismatic Pocket No. 19, De Mey, Brussels, 1975.
Coinage of Avignon (1239-1696), including popes and anti-popes, and Orange (1182-1679). France.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies du Tournaisis. Numismatic Pocket No. 20, De Mey, Brussels, 1975.
Coinage of Tournai (France and Belgium), 500-1709.
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies d'Alsace. Numismatic Pocket No. 23. De Mey, Brussels, 1976.
Upper Alsace (1406-1634), Bergheim, Colmar (1226-1705), Hagenau (1374-1705), Hanau Lichtenberg (1570-1736), Landau (siege coinage, 1702 and 1713), Montjoie/Froberg (1552-1578), Mulhouse, Murbach & Lure (1542-1682), Selz (1039-1161), Thann, and Wissembourg (1100-1633),
De Mey, Jean. Les Monnaies de Strasbourg. Numismatic Pocket No. 24. De Mey, Brussels, 1976.
A continuation of NP No. 23 on Alsace, covering Altdorf, Molsheim, Strasbourg Bishopric (Merovingian to 1779), City of Strasbourg (1273-1590).
De Mey, Jean and Bernard Poindessault. Repertoire de la Numismatique Francaise Contemporaine 1793 a nos Jours. De Mey, Brussels and Paris, 1972.
A detailed catalogue of modern French coins with much information that is not found in Krause. Values in four grades.
De Mey, Jean and Andre Van Keymeulen. Les Monnaies de Brabant. III. 1598-1790. Numismatic Pocket No. 18, De Mey, Brussels, 1974.
Coinage of the Low Countries, Brabant (Belgium, the Netherlands).
Den Duyts, F. Les Anciennes Monnaies des Comtes de Flandre, Ducs de Brabant, Comtes de Hainaut, Comtes de Namur, et Ducs de Luxembourg. Annoot-Braeckman, Gand (Ghent), Belgium, 1847. Reprint by Alfred Szego, Oakdale, New York, 1972.
Brabant (12th Century-1555), Flanders (12th Century-1584), Hainaut (1206-1467), Namur (1139-1555), and Luxembourg (1309-1411). Low Countries, Belgium, Netherlands.
De Pauw, R. Connaissance de la Numismatique. Numismatic Pocket No. 17, De Mey, Brussels, 1973.
An introduction to the study of numismatics. Includes discussion of metals, mintmarks, methods of manufacture, and history of evolution of coinage throughout the world.
De Saulcy, F. Recherches sur les Monnaies des ducs Hereditaires de Lorraine. Originally published Metz, 1841. Reprinted by A. G. van der Dussen, Maastricht.
The coinage of the dukes of Lorraine, from 1048 until 1737. Each duke is given a nice historical treatment, and there are full descriptions of the coins of each. There are 36 plates of line drawings.
De Saulcy, Louis Felicien. Numismatique des Croisades. Originally published by Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 1847. Reprinted by Arnoldo Forni Editore, Bologna, 1974.
A reprint of one of the classic early numismatic works on the Crusades. There is extensive historical information under each ruler. The plates are line drawings typical of many 19th century French publications. For the coins themselves, the book has long been superceded by Schlumberger and Metcalf.
De Shazo, A. S. and Michael L. Bates. The Umayyad Governors of al-Iraq and the Changing Annulet Patterns of their Dirhams. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Vol. XIV, pp. 110-118, 1974.
An analysis of Iraqi dirhams of the Umayyads. The change in annulet patterns, including the three types of Wasit 126, correspond to changes in governors in al-Iraq. Presence or absence of the word “fi” in the mint-date formula also corresponds to a change in governors. Neat paper.
Deutsche Bank. Geld. Second Edition. Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt am Main, 1983.
A wonderful, richly-illustrated book on the history of money worldwide. Includes coins and banknotes. Each chapter contains an overview of the subject matter, then there are photos of selected coins and detailed descriptions of the coins and their historical background.
Deutsche Bank. Austellung Geld: Eine Kulturgeschichte des Geldes. Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt am Main, 1988.
A nice booklet accompanying a bank exhibit of the history of money. Includes coins and banknotes.
Deutsche Bundesbank. Brakteaten der Stauferzeit, 1138 - 1254. Deutsche Bundesbank, Frankfurt am Main, 1977.
A beautiful catalogue of 106 Bracteates from medieval Germany. There is a good introductory numismatic history of the time, a discussion of the images found on bracteates, and a nice explanation of how bracteates were manufactured. The catalogue itself is simply outstanding. Each coin is pictured at actual size and greatly enlarged. For each coin there is not only a full description, but also information about the importance of the town where the coin originated, the meaning of the design, the significance of the issuer, etc. The photos are simply spectacular. Another outstanding bank publication.
De Widranges, M. le Comte Hippolyte. Des Anneaux it des Rouelles, antique Monnaie des Gaulois. Laguerre, Bar-le-Duc, 1861. Modern Reprint.
A mongraph on wheel and ring money of Celtic Gaul. Includes descriptions of gold, silver and base metal varieties. Each variety is illustrated and fully described. There is a short historical introduction.
Deyell, John S. Living without Silver - The Monetary History of Early Medieval North India. Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1990.
A history of money in northern India (and Afghanistan) from 750-1250. It is not a comprehensive catalogue, although there are good plates of ca. 350 coins. It is primarily concerned with the bull and horseman coinage, although other Islamic types are included as well. Much of the book is outside of Album's checklist, but some of his dynasties are included.
Diler, ?mer. Sehir Lakaplari/ Titles and Epithets of Islamic Towns. Published by the author, Istanbul. 2001.
The main body of the book is a comprehensive listing of mint names and the various epithets that were associated with them. Many are accompanied by photos of coins illustrating particular mints or epithets. There is an index of epithets and the towns they modified, with synonyms of mint towns also included (e.g. Shash = Binkat), a glossary that defines the epithets in English, and a table of locations of mint towns with latitude and longitude. Finally, there is an extensive bibliography of where coins with different epithets were seen, including a substantial number of Album’s price lists and other catalogues and lists. The book is generally a modern version of Zambaur and Codrington without the associations of mint names with particular dynasties or dates of issue (see Zambaur).
Dimitrijevic, Sergije. Medieval Serbian Coins. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, 1997.
A fantastic catalogue of a private collection of medieval Serbian coins. Most of the coins are shown in enlarged photographs, and the legends are written out. There is a good historical overview of medieval Serbia including emphasis on the towns in which coins were minted. There are also nice photos of towns in Serbia. One of my top five books on eastern Europe. Bilingual (Cyrillic Serbo-Croatian and English).
Dimitrijevic, Sergije. Katalog Zbirke Srpskog Srednovekovnog Novtsa/ Catalogue of a Collection of Medieval Coins of Serbia. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Belgrade, 2001.
Catalogue of approximately 1800 coins from Serbia and Bosnia from the collection of the author (who died in 1987, so it is obviously a posthumous publication). It is nicely laid out with photos of every coin, obverse and reverse, and descriptions of the legends, weights, etc. The only negative is that the coins are mostly photographed at actual (small) size, and it is hard to see the details on such small photos. The book is almost completely catalogue with very little text, so it is easy to use if not fluent in Serbo-Croatian, here written in Cyrillic.
Dittrich, K. Ancient Coins from Olbia and Panticapaeum. Spring Books, London, No Date.
A very brief historical overview of the Greeks on the north shore of the Black Sea followed by enlarged black and white photos of coins. It is not comprehensive, but it does show the variety of coins from these two areas of present-day Ukraine.
Djaparidze, G. I. Nouvelles Additions a l’Ouvrage de Zambaur, Die Muenzpraegungen des Islams. Reprint from Bulletin d’Etudes Orientales, Vol. XXXII-XXXIII, pp. 89-97, 1980-1981.
A listing of 110 Islamic mints not found in Zambaur’s original work or in Miles’s additions. An important contribution, especially since many of the mints are from the Russian literature, often inaccessible to the west.
Djaparidze, G. I. Zolotiye Moneti v Irake v VIII-XI vv./ Gold Coins in Iraq in the 8th-11th Centuries.
Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 2, pp.200-227, 1994.
Not a catalogue or description of coins. The work is primarily based on a large hoard of coins, most of which were Abbasid, Samanid, Buwayhid and Tulunid dinars. No illustrations.
Djaparidze, G. I. Gruzinskiye Moneti XII v. c arabskimi legendami (Medniye Moneti c imenem tsarya Davida: voprosi atributsi/Copper Coins with the Name of King Dawith: the issue of attribution. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 4, pp. 155-161, 1995.
A reattribution of Georgian coins with Arabic legends formerly thought to be struck by Davith IV (1089-1125). The author contends that a previous reading of the Arabic legend referring to a Seljuq is incorrect and that the coins are actually attributed to Davith V, who ruled for six months in 1155 AD.
Djaparidze, G. I. O Monetakh Tbilisskovo Emira Ali b. Dzha’fara/ On the Coins of Ali b. Dja’far, Amir of Tbilisi. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp.204-216, 1997.
Coins of the Ja’farid dynasty, Amirs of Tbilisi. Photos, legends written out. English summary.
Djaparidze, G. I. On the Coins of the Tbilisi Amir ‘Ali b. Ga’far. Reprint from Bulletin d’Etudes Orientales, Volume L, pp. 97-107, 1998.
An English treatment of the coins discussed in his 1997 Russian paper. Nicely done with high-quality photos.
Djaparidze, G. I. and I. G. Dobrovol’skii. O Nekotorykh Abbasidskikh Monetakh s Izobrazheniyami Zhivykh Sushchestv v Sobranii Gosudarstvennovo Ermitazha/ On Some Abbasid Coins with Images of Living Beings in the Collection of the State Hermitage. Near East and Georgia, pp. 143-153, 1991.
The authors describe two bull and horseman jitals of al-Muqtadir, a bull and horseman coin in gold (unique) of al-Muti, rare and unique silver coins of the same caliphs with images of a hare, and a unique dinar of al-Muqtadir, Madinat es-Salam 304, with a falcon on the obverse and a Bactrian camel on the reverse. There are photos of all coins.
Dobrovolskii, I. G. Redkiye Gruzinskiye Moneti v Sobranii Ermitazha/ Rare Georgian Coins in the Hermitage Collection. Proshloye Nashei Rodini v Pamyatnikakh Numizmatiki, Gosudarstvennii Ordena Lenina Ermitazh, Leningrad, pp.161-168, 1977.
Photos and descriptions of nine Georgian coins from the Hermitage collection. These include an imitation Sasanian drachm in the name of Stephanos II, 2 Abbasid dirhams from Tiflis, a Jafarid dirham from Tiflis, and Bagratid coins of Georgii II, Rusudan and David Narin. Transliterated legends can be found in the text.
Dobrynin, M. A. Stikhotvorniye Legendy na Monetakh Sefevidov/ Distich Legends on Coins of the Safavids. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume VIII, pp. 62 - 76, 1953.
Translation into Russian of rhymed Persian couplets on Safavid coins. The translations rhyme in Russian. Cool!
Dochev, Konstantin. Moneti i Parichno ob’rscheniye v T’rnovo XII-XIV v./Coins and coin circulation in T’rnovo in the 12th-14th centuries. F “Vital” Veliko T’rnovo, 1992.
A description of medieval Bulgarian coinage from T’rnovo. The coins are mostly copper. Coins are fully described in the text, and there are line drawings of design variants in a series of tables. Decent photographic plates. In Bulgarian, but still very useful.
Dolivo, Dimitri. Catalogue des Monnaies Suisses. II. Les Monnaies de l'Eveche de Lausanne. Societe Suisse de Numismatique, Berne, 1961. Reprint by Johnson Reprint Company, New York, 1967.
Coinage of Lausanne, Switzerland, 1100-1536.
Dolley, Michael. Anglo-Saxon Pennies. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 1964. Reprinted by Oxford University Press, 1970.
An overview of Anglo-Saxon coinage with photographs of representative types.
Dolley, Michael. Viking Coins of the Danelaw and of Dublin. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 1965.
An overview of the Viking coinages of England and Ireland, with photographs of representative types.
Dolley, Michael. The Hiberno-Norse Coins in the British Museum. Sylloge of Coins of the British Isles, No. 8. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 1966.
One of the standard references on Hiberno-Norse coinage of Ireland and the basis for the different phases used by Seaby. Over 250 coins described and photographed. Detailed history and numismatic analysis.
Dolley, Michael. The Norman Conquest and the English Coinage. Spink & Son, London, 1966.
A history of the coinage of William I and his sons, including a discussion of the chronology of the coins attributed to William I and II and to Henry I. England.
Dolley, Michael. Medieval Anglo-Irish Coins. B. A. Seaby, London, 1972.
A history of Irish coinage under the English kings, from King John through James I. An in-depth coverage of economic history of the times explaining the influence of English-Irish relations on the coinage of Ireland.
Domenech Belda, Carolina and Julio Trelis Marti. Hallazgos Numismaticos de Epoca Islamica en Crevillente (Alicante). III. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp. 333-345, 1990.
Description of Spanish Umayyad and other Islamic coins from finds in Crevillente. Some legends are written out. Includes Muwahhid, Fatimid, and others.
Domaszewicz, Lidia and Michael L. Bates. Copper Coinage of Egypt in the Seventh Century. In: Jere L. Bacharach (editor), Fustat Finds: Beads, Coin, Medical Instruments, Textiles, and Other Artifacts from the Awad Collection. The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo, pp. 88-111, 2002.
Discussion and categorization of ten types of thick dumpy copper coins from Egypt. All are of Byzantine style. Five types were determined to be Roman Byzantine issues, three were Byzantine types struck under Arab rule, and two were of uncertain attribution. Thirty-four coins from the ANS collection are illustrated. Nice detailed study of these early Byzantine and Arab-Byzantine coppers.
Doo, Roger Wai San. Sichou zhi lu guguo Qianbi/Coins of the Ancient Kingdoms on the Silk Road. China, 1992.
A booklet in Chinese on Silk Road coins. Includes. Elam, Sasanian, Hephthalite, and Islamic coins. Perhaps its greatest usefulness is a long table of mint names found on Sasanian coins and a few lists of rulers for other dynasties. Not many illustrations.
Doo, Roger Wai San. Ban Liang Kao/ Catalog of Pan liang. Volume 1, Discussion, and Volume 2, Catalog. Shanghai Books & Fine Art Publication Co., Shanghai, 2000.
The most in-depth study of the Pan liang coinage of China in all its sizes and varieties. The book is entirely in Chinese, but with a bit of effort, it is possible to ferret out the sequence of types and maybe even the dynasties to which they belong. The book seems sufficiently important that a translation into a western language would be a worthy undertaking.
Doursther, Horace. Dictionnaire Universel des Poids et Mesures Anciens et Modernes, Contenant des Tables des Monnaies de Tous les Pays. Originally Published by M. Hayez, Imprimeur de l’Academie Royale, 1840. Reprinted by Meridian Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1976.
An extensive listing of weights and measures and their equivalents throughout history. Also includes weights of coins of various denominations. Not a numismatic work per se, but important for understanding the economics of coins.
Dowle, Anthony and Patrick Finn. The Guide Book to the Coinage of Ireland from 995 AD to the Present Day. Spink & Son, London, 1969.
Hiberno-Norse through modern coinage of Ireland with valuations.
Drescher, Franz. Die Muenzen von Bayern, 1506-1799. Verlag Franz Drescher, Bad Reichenhall, 1983.
A nice catalogue of Bavarian coinage. It includes many coins that aren’t in other catalogues, including post 1600 coins that are not in the Krause German catalogue. There are keys to identification, reasonable, but not great, photos, some line drawings, legends written out, brief historical outlines of each ruler.
Ducmane, Kristine and Evalds Vecins. Nauda Latvija/ Coins and Banknotes of Latvia. Latvijas Banka, Riga, 1996.
A fantastic bank publication outlining the history of coinage and banknotes in Latvia. It is an overview of the coinage, not a comprehensive catalogue. It is written in Latvian, but there are summaries in English, German and Russian, and the legends to the photographs are translated into all of those languages at the end of the book. A high quality richly-illustrated publication.
Duggleby, Vincent. English Paper Money, Fourth Edition. Spink & Son, London, 1990.
The standard reference. Decent historical overviews from earliest currency in 1694 to the present. With valuations.
Dundua, G. F. Numizmatika Antichnoi Gruzii/ Ancient Coins of Georgia. Metsniyereba, Tbilisi, 1987.
An overview of the numismatic history of ancient Georgia. It is mostly text and tables, with a few Greek legends scattered throughout the text. The only line drawings and photos are of very interesting imitations of Alexander the Great (Macedon) staters. There is an extensive bibliography.
Dutkowski, Jaroslav and Adam Suchanek. Corpus Nummorum Gedanensis: Catalogue of Coins, Medals and Tokens of Gdansk Origin and these associated with Gdansk in the Years 1200-1998. Drukarnia Triada, Gdansk, 2000.
Very well done bilingual (Polish and English) catalogue of coins struck in and circulated in the City of Danzig. It includes early bracteates of the Principality of Gdansk and East Pomerania, Teutonic Order, Kingdom of Poland, Prussian Occupation, Free City (under French occupation), private tokens and badges of the 19th and 20th century, Notgeld, Free City of Gdansk (1919-1939), People’s Republic of Poland, medals and official tokens. The catalogue has values in three grades, writes out full legends of all the coins and medals, and has decent photos throughout the text with the coin descriptions. Excellent book.
Dzhalagania, Irina Levonovna. Inozemnaya Moneta v Denezhnom Obrashchenii Gruzii V-XIII vv/Foreign Coins and Monetary Circulation in Georgia in the 5th-13th Centuries. Izdatel’stvo Metsniyereba, Tbilisi, 1979.
Russian text covering Sasanian, Abbasid, Aghlabid, Sajid, Ilkhan, Artuqid, Zengid, Idrisid, Ildegizid, Rum Seljuq, Sulamid, Umayyad, and others. It is more a century-by-century account of monetary affairs in Georgia than a catalogue. Several maps, many mediocre photographic plates.
Edhem, Halil. Meskukat-i Kadime-i Islamiye Katalogu, Meskukat-i Osmaniye. Catalogue of Coins of the Imperial Ottoman Museum, Part 6. Constantinople, 1334/1915.
An early catalogue of Islamic Ottoman coins. Includes a lot of copper. Legends fully written out. Many photographic plates, but photocopy didn’t do them justice. In Ottoman Turkish.
Egg, Erich. Der Tiroler Taler. Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck, 1972.
An excellent overview of the coinage of Hall, Tirol, Austria, from 1477 to 1809. The book accompanied a museum exhibit. There is good historical coverage and many plates of coins, mostly talers.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Austria-Hungary. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas, 1962.
Copper coins of Austria and Hungary, including the Holy Roman Empire from 1745, the Austrian Empire from 1806, Burgau, Goritz, Salzburg, Tyrol, Hungary from 1704, Croatia, Galizia and Lodomeria, Transylvania, Bohemia.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Central and South America. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Union of Central America, Venezuela, Colombia, Guiana, Ecuador, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Denmark and her Possessions. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
Denmark from 1588, Christianstad, Schleswig Holstein, Iceland, Greenland, Danish West India, Danish East India (Tranquebar).
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of France. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
Coins of France, from 1574, copper tokens, French Colonies, Martinique, Haiti, New Caledonia, Cochin-China, Tonkin, Cambodia, Pondicherry, Syria, Cameroun, West Africa, Morocco, Tunis, Egypt, Comoro Island, Madagascar, and some feudal coinage.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of German States. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
German states.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Italy Excluding The Coins of Papal States. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
Copper coins of Italy and Italian states from 11th century to present. Italian Republic, Kingdom of Italy, Italian Somaliland, Corsica, Lucca, Guastalia, Genoa, Piombino, Malta, Mantua, Lunigiana, Milan, Mirandola, Modena, Monaco, Montalcino (Siena), Naples and Sicily, Orbetello, Palma Nova, Parma, Ragusa, San Marino, Sardinia (and Savoy), Tuscany, Urbino, Venice, Dalmatia, Albania, Venetian Possessions, Lombardy-Venice.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Norway. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
Norway under Danish Rule (1808-1816), under Swedish Rule (1816-1905), and as independent kingdom.
Eklund, O. P. The Copper Coinage of the Papal States. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas.
The Papal States from 1556, including the Roman Republic.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Portugal. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas, 1962.
Copper coinage of Portugal 1495 through present. Includes colonies of Angola, Madeira, St. Thomas and Princes Island, Mozambique, Nyassaland, Portugese India.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Russia and Poland. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas, 1962.
Copper coins of Russia, from 1689, including Russian possessions of Finland, Moldavia and Wallachia, Siberia, Georgia, the Crimea, Ionian Island. Coinage of Poland from 1648, including Curland, Lithuania, Zamosc, and Galicia and Lodomeria.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Spain. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas, 1962.
Copper coinage of Spain from 1474 through present, including Barcelona, Catalonia, Navarra, Lerida, Pampeluna, Perpignan, Valencia, Balearic Islands, Majorca, Palma, Ivica Island, Philippine Islands.
Eklund, O. P. Copper Coins of Sweden. Reprinted from The Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas. Includes section Coinage of Swedish Plate Money, by Berta Holmberg.
Swedish coins from 1611, including a history of the making of plate money.
Eklund, O. P. The Counters of Nuremberg. Originally published in The Numismatist, 1926. Reprinted by Alfred Szego, Oakdale, New York, 1978.
A brief introduction to the counters (jetons) from Nuernberg, Germany, with a description of the pieces in Eklund's own collection.
Eklund, O. P. German War Tokens "Notgeld". Originally published in The Numismatist, 1948-1955. Reprinted with additions and a supplement by Helen Woodburn, American Numismatic Association, 1961(?).
Eklund's collection of German Notgeld, arranged alphabetically by issuing city. Good written descriptions of coins, few photographs, mostly poor.
Elayi, J. and A. G. Elayi. La Monnaie a Travers les Ages. Editions Ideaphane, Paris, 1989.
A general popular overview of world coinage from ancient to modern, including a chapter on coins of Gaul, several on France (medieval, royal, modern), and chapters on manufacture of coins, metals, history of banks, and coin hoards. There are references at the end of each chapter, maps and photos. A decent introduction and good practice for reading French.
Eldada, Katharina. Glass weights and vessel stamps. In: Jere L. Bacharach (editor), Fustat Finds: Beads, Coin, Medical Instruments, Textiles, and Other Artifacts from the Awad Collection. The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo, pp. 112-166, 2002.
A description of 92 glass weights and vessel stamps from the ANS collection. Seventeen were previously unpublished. They are from the Umayyads and Abbasids in Egypt. Twenty of the pieces are photographed in the article. All have Arabic legends written out with translations into English.
Elias, E. R. Duncan. The Anglo-Gallic Coins. Emile Bourgey and Spink & Son, Ltd., Paris and London, 1984.
The standard reference of Anglo-Gallic coinage from Henry II through Henry VI.
Ender, Celil. Abaka Han’in Darp Aylari Yazili Gumus Sikkeleri M 1265-1282/H 663-680/Abaka Khan’s Silver Coinage that bear the Date as well as the Month in Which They were Struck. Ozel Sayi No. 2, Turkish Numismatic Society, Istanbul, 1989.
A short booklet on the Ilkhan coins of Abaqa with the month and the year on them. Coin descriptions and photos included. In Turkish with an English summary.
Ender, Celil. Coinage of Ladik (Denizli). Ender Numismatik Yayinlari No. 1. Published by the author, Istanbul, 1994.
A history and catalogue of the coinage of Ladik in the Aegean region of Turkey. Includes a few ancient Greek coins. Mostly Islamic, including Seljuqs of Rum, Ilkhan, the Anatolian Beyliks of Denizli, Aydin and Germiyan, Ottoman and several anonymous types. Line drawings of all coins with full legends in Arabic and transliterated. All coins also photographed in nice plates. Turkish and English text.
Ender, Celil. Karesi, Saruhan, Aydin ve Mentese Beylikleri Paralari. Ender Numismatik Yayinlari No. 2, Published by the author, Istanbul, 2000.
Catalogue of the Turkish Beyliks Karesi, Saruhan, Aydin and Menteshe. Arabic legends are written out and transliterated using the Turkish system. There are nice line drawings of each type in the text and photos at the end. There is no English summary. A very nice and useful book.
Ender, Celil. Candarogullari Beyligi (Isfendiyarogullari Beyligi) Paralari Katalogu/ Catalog of the Isfendiyarid Coins. Ender Numismatik Yayinlari No. 3. Published by the author, Istanbul, 2003.
A complete catalogue of coins known from the Isfendiyarid beylik in Turkey. The author points out that the correct name of the Beylik is the Candarogullari. Every coin has a line drawing, the legends written out in actual and transliterated Arabic, and an enlarged photograph. This will be the definitive work on the Beylik for some time, as are most of Ender’s publications. In Turkish, with English summary.
Engel, Arthur and Raymond Serrure. Traite de Numismatique du Moyen Age. Three Volumes. Paris, 1891-1905. Reprinted by Arnoldo Forni Editore, Bologna, 1964. In French.
A treatise on coinage of medieval Europe. Volume 1 covers the Roman Empire through the Carolingian times. Volume 2 covers the end of the Carolingian times to the appearance of the Gros argent. The final volume goes until the appearance of the Thaler. Approximately 2000 illustrations. More suitable for general knowledge of coin types than for identification.
Engel, Arthur and Raymond Serrure. Traite de Numismatique Moderne et Contemporaine. Paris, 1897. Reprinted by Arnoldi Forni Editore, Bologna, 1980.
A treatise on modern coinage of Europe, Africa and the Americas, as well as European possessions worldwide. Covers the 16th through 19th centuries. Approximately 500 coin illustrations. Same style as their treatise on medieval coinage.
Enkhbat, Chuluundorj, Nyamaa Badarch and Batsaikhan Tsend. The Coins and Banknotes of Mongolia. Association of Mongolian Numismatists, Ulaanbaatar, 2002.
An attractive catalogue of Mongolian coins, meant as an overview of the coinage and not a complete listing. Includes the Turgesh Khaganate, an iron coin of Kidah, Chingizids, Ilkhans, the Golden Horde, Chaghatayids, and Yuan dynasty (China). There is then a more comprehensive listing of modern coins, beginning in 1925, modern commemorative coins, and finally, a beautiful section on banknotes. There are representive coins of many rulers, each photographed. There are lengthy descriptions, historical notes, genealogies, and other pertinent information, all in both English and Mongolian. A nice overview.
Erbstein, Julius and Albert Erbstein. Eroertungen auf dem Begiete der Saechsischen Muenz- und Medaillen- Geschichte bei verzeichnung der Hofrath Engelhardt’schen Sammlung. Originally published by the authors, Dresden, 1888. Facsimile Reprint by Zentralantiquariat der DDR, Leipzig, 1976.
A catalogue of coins of the German state of Saxony from a single large collection. There are few photos or illustrations, but the coins are described with their legends written out,and there is much descriptive and historical text.
Erel, Serafettin. Nadir Birkac Sikke. Volumes 1-4. Istanbul, 1963, 1967, 1970, 1973.
Four short monographs on some rare Islamic coins, with many Anatolian Beylik pieces. Volume 1 includes Ayyubid, Seljug, Chingizid, Ilkhan, Golden Horde (Dirham of Berke Khan, misattributed to Toqtu, attempted reading of reverse marginal legend)., Giray Khans, Kara Qoyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, Karamanid, Ala'iya, Germiyan, Eshref, and Ottoman. Volume 2 includes Ayyubid, Rassid, Mamluk, Denizli, Saruhan, Ala'iya, and Ottoman. Volume 3 includes Arab-Sassanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Uqaylid, Seljuq, Ghaznavid, Danishmanid, Menkujakid, Ayyubid, Karamanid, Chingizid, Ilkhan, Jalayrid, Artuqid, Mamluk, Chaghatayid, Sharaf Khans, Timurid, Aq Qoyunlu, Inalid, Aydin and Ottoman. Volume 4 includes Samanid, Ghaznavid, Seljuq, Ilkhan, Aq Qoyunlu and Ottoman.
Erkiletlioglu, Halit and Oguz Guler. Turkiye Selcuklu Sultanlari ve Sikkeleri. Erciyes Universitesi Yayinlari No. 89, Kayseri, 1996.
History and numismatics of the Islamic Seljuqs of Rum. Includes a historical overview of each sultan and a listing of all known coins by mint and date. Many black and white illustrations of mediocre quality and a few enlarged color photos. Legends are transliterated but not written out in Arabic. There is a map showing all Seljuq mints. A table at the end gives rarity indices.
Eustache, Daniel. Etudes de Numismatique et de Metrologie Musulmanes. Hesperis Tamuda, Volume 10, pp. 95- 189, 1969. Photocopy
A discourse on the metrology of Islamic coins from before the reforms of ‘Abd al Malik (Umayyad) until the Mamluk dynasty. The paper cites numerous contemporary sources regarding the weight of coins and fineness of metal.
Eustache, Daniel. Etudes sur la Numismatique et l'Histoire Monetaire du Maroc. I. Corpus des Dirhams Idrisites et Contemporaines. Banque du Maroc, Rabat, 1970-1971.
A detailed corpus of coinage of the Islamic Idrisid dynasty of Morocco. Includes historical analyses of mints, enlarged photographic plates, several indices.
Eustache, Daniel. Etudes sur la Numismatique et l'Histoire Monetaire du Maroc. VI. Corpus des Monnaies Alawites. Three Volumes. Banque due Maroc, Rabat, 1984.
A comprehensive description of the history and coinage of the Islamic 'Alawi (Fileyli) Sharifs. Volume 1 is a lengthy history of the dynasty, with each ruler divided into a history of events and a numismatic history. Volume 2 is a description of the coins, with full legends written in Arabic, transliterated and translated into French. Volume 3 contains indices, corrections and additions, and 44 high-quality photographic plates.
Excellent Uitgeverij. Officiele Katalogus 1977 voor Munten en Bankbiljetten van Nederland, Munten van Suriname, Curacao, Ned. Antillen, Ned. Indie. Uitgeverij Excellent BV, Amsterdam, 1977.
A catalogue of coins and banknotes of the Netherlands and coins of Dutch colonies. Illustrated and values in several grades.
Fahmi, Samih. Al-Wahdat al-Nuqudit al-Mamlukiat ‘asr al-Mamalik al-Bahriat/ A catalogue of Mamluk Coins during the time of the Bahri Mamluks (648-792/1250-1390). Tihama Press, Mecca, Saudi Arabia, 1403/1983.
A catalogue of early Mamluk coinage. Legends are written out for each coin, and there are good photos of many of the coins collected in plates at the end. It was written after Balog, so contains many coins not found in his original work or subsequent supplements.
Fahmy, Abdel-Rahman. Early Islamic Coin Weights. Collections of the Museum of Islamic Art, Volume 2. Egyptian Library Press, Cairo, 1957.
A catalogue of 392 glass weights, each described in both English and Arabic. The text within the non-catalogue portions of the book is in Arabic. There are 36 excellent plates of black and white photos depicting well over half of the weights described in the catalogue. The majority of the weights are for dinars, 1/3 dinars and fulus, although there are some dirhams in there as well. Interesting catalogue.
Farahbakhsh, H. Iranian Hammered Coinage, 1500-1879. Published by the author, Berlin, 1975.
A treatment of the Safavid, Hotaki Afghan, Afsharid, Zand and Ghajar/Qajar dynasties in Iran. Their are brief historical sketches of each Shah. Coins are photographed and legends fully written out, though not transliterated or translated. A general introduction discusses minting, dating, etc. There are tables of mint towns with their epithets, shahs with their titles, and religious distiches associated with each shah.
Farahbakhsh, F. N. Standard Catalogue of Iranian Banknotes, 1888-1999. Fourth Edition. Published by the author, Tehran, 1999.
A reasonably well done bilingual (Persian and English) catalogue of banknotes from the Qajars to the present. Includes an index of signatures, varieties of seals, etc. A decent introduction.
Farrugia de Candia, J. Monnaies Aghlabites du Musee du Bardo. Revue Tunisienne, pp. 271-287, 1935. Photocopy.
A description of 28 coins of the Islamic Aghlabid dynasty. Legends written out and translated into French. Includes a brief introductory history.
Farrugia de Candia, J. Monnaies Aghlabites du Musee du Bardo (Premier Supplement). Revue Tunisienne, pp. 179-185, 1936. Photocopy.
Eight more coins of the Islamic Aghlabid dynasty, including to coppers.
Farrugia de Candia, J. Monnaies Aghlabites du Musee du Bardo (Deuxieme supplement). Cahiers de Tunisie, vol. IV, pp. 95-118, 1956. Photocopy.
An additional 45 coins of the Islamic Aghlabid dynasty.
Fatas, Guillermo, and Gonzalo M. Borras. Diccionario de Terminos de Arte y Elementos de Arqueologia, Heraldica y Numismatica. Alianza Editorial, Madrid, 1992.
A Spanish dictionary (Spanish definitions for Spanish terms) of archaeology, heraldry and numismatics. There are drawings illustrating many characteristics of crosses, architecture, etc., but mostly it is just written definitions. If I ever learn Spanish, it will be helpful. Looks useful already. It is a mass-market paperback edition that first appeared in 1980 and has been revised and/or reprinted many times.
Fedorov, D. Monety Pribaltiki xiii - xviii Stoletii/ Baltic Coinage of the 13th - 18th Centuries. Izdatel’stvo “Valgus”, Tallin, Estonia, 1966.
A very nice catalogue of Baltic States coinage with nice photographs of coins, line drawings of important design elements, and very complete descriptions. It includes the Dorpat Bishops of Estonia, Livonian Order, Swedish Livonia, Riga Archbishopric of Latvia, Riga City Coinage, Polish issues, Kurland, and others. There are also nice foldout maps. A nice Soviet-era production on good heavy paper.
Fedorov, G. B. Moskovskiye Den’gi Vremeni Velikikh Knyazei Ivana III i Vasiliya III/ Moscow Dengas from the time of the Grand Princes Ivan III and Vasili III. Kratkiye Soobshcheniya Instituta Istorii Marerial’noi Kul’tury Imeni N. Ya. Marra, Volume XXX, pp. 70-81, 1949.
Descriptions without illustrations of many types of dengas from these two princes.
Fedorov, M. N. Klad Sel’dzhukskikh Serebranykh Dinarov-Shekaste iz Yuzhnovo Uzbekistana/ A Hoard of Silver Seljuq Dinars and Fragments from Southern Uzbekistan. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVIII, pp. 59-70, 1967.
A hoard of silver coins (pale gold dinars) of the Great Seljuqs from the reign of Sanjar (under Muhammad) and Sanjar alone. The coins cite three different Abbasid caliphs - alMustazhir, al-Mutarshid and al-Muqtafi and are from three mints - Herat, Balkh and Marw. His attribution of Marw is incorrect. He found it with the new epithet Marw al-hayy, but the mint with epithet should properly be read as the mint Warwalij.
Fedorov, M. N. Ob Odnoi Gruppe Karakhanidskikh Monet 388-404 gg. kh./ On a Group of Qarakhanid Coins from AH 388-404. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XX, pp. 85-89, 1971.
Descriptions and photos of fulus from Ilak 388, Ordu 398 and Soghd 404, and a dirham of Isbijab 399, all with the name of Salih or Saligh
Fedorov, M. N. Potiticheskaya Istoriya Karachanidov b Konche X - Nachalye XI B./A Political History of the Qarakhanids from the End of the 10th to the Beginning of the 11th Centuries. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. X, pp. 131-154, 1972.
Islamic coinage of the earlier Qarakhanids. It is mostly a history, but there are a few coin descriptions scattered throughout the text and two good plates. There are many references to earlier numismatic literature on the dynasty.
Fedorov, M. N. Afrasiabskii Klad Zolotykh Monet Vtoroi Poloviny XII v./ An Afrasiabid Hoard of Gold Coins from the Second Quarter of the 12th Century. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXI, pp. 32-34, 1972.
Don’t get excited. These aren’t Afrasiabid coins. They are Qarakhanid dinars of Qilij Tafghaj Khan Mas’ud citing the Caliph Mustanzhir
Fedorov, M. N. O Pokupatel’noi Sposobnosti Dirkhema i Dinara v Srednei Azii i Sopredel’nikh s Neyu Stranakh v IX-XII vv/ On the Buying Power of the Dirham and the Dinar in Central Asia and Surrounding Lands. Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1972(2), pp. 73-80, 1972.
An article summarizing salaries, cost of food, and cost of other items during the 9th - 12th centuries in Central Asia. Based on medieval sources. This article is only text, no coin descriptions of drawings.
Fedorov, M. N. Iz Istorii Denezhnovo Obrashcheniya v Srednei Azii Kontsa VIII - Pervoi Polovini XII v (K Probleme “Chernikh Dirkhemov)/ On the History of Monetary Circulation in Central Asia from the End of the 8th - First Half of the 12th Centuries (The Problem of Black Dirhams). Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1973(2), pp. 75-82, 1973.
An article (text only) about the circulation of Bukharkhudat (Arab-Bukharan, Arab-Sogdian) dirhams in Central Asia. These coins consisted primarily of base metal and traded at a value higher than their intrinsic value.
Fedorov, M. N. Politischeskaya Istoriya Karachanidov b Konche Pyervoi i vo Vtoroi Chetvyerti XI B./Political History of the Qarakhanids from the beginning to the second quarter of the 11th century. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vo. XI, pp. 158-178, 1974.
The second installment in the coinage of the Islamic Qarakhanids. Some coin descriptions, two good plates.
Fedorov, M. N. Po Povodi Afrasiabskovo Klada Zolotikh Monyet Vtoroi Polovinii XII Beka/On a Hoard of Gold Coins of the Second Half of the 12th Century. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. XII, pp. 56-62, 1978.
Islamic coinage of the Qarakhanid dynasty. Legends of coins are included throughout the text. There are no illustrations.
Fedorov, M. N. Politicheskaya Istoriya Karachanidov vo Vtoroi Polovinye XI B./Political History of the
Qarakhanids in the Second Half of the 11th Century. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol XIII, pp. 38-57, 1980.
The third installment in the coinage of the Islamic Qarakhanid dynasty. Some coin descriptions, line drawings in text.
Fedorov, M. N. Politicheskaya Istoriya Karakhanidov v XII - Nachalye XIII B./Political History of the
Qarakhanids from the 12th to the beginning of the 13th Century. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. XIV, pp. 100-125, 1984.
The final installment in the coinage of the Islamic Qarakhanid dynasty. This segment has few coin descriptions, much history and one page of line drawings of coins.
Fedovov, Michael. New Data on the Monetary Circulation of Medieval Uzgend: Coins from the Kashka-Terek Hillfort. American Journal of Numismatics, Second Series, Volume 13, pp. 81-88, 2001.
Qarakhanid and Saghaniyan coins of Bukhara, Ferghana, Akhsikat, Ilaq, Uzgend, Uzjend. Descriptions of the coins, but no illustrations or photographs.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Monetnaya Sistema Khorezma XIV v./ The Monetary System of Khoresm in the 14th Century. Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1957(2), pp. 239-246, 1957.
A translation and analysis of a 14th century document explaining the relationship among dinars, miscals, dirhams, daniks, tassuj and sha’ir. A photo of the document is included.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Dlady Kzhuchidskikh Monet: Osnovniye Periody Razvitiya Denezhnovo Obrashcheniya v Zolotoi Orde/ Hoards of Coins of the Golden Horde: Main Periods of Development of Monetary Use by the Golden Horde. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. I, pp. 94-192, 1960.
An extensive analysis of hundreds of hoards of Golden Horde coins. There are no coin descriptions, drawings or photos, but there are great lists of mints and dates found in different locations.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Klad Zolotikh Monet XIII v. iz Srednei Azii/ A Hoard of Gold Coins of the 13th Century from Central Asia. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Volume II, pp. 118-140, 1960.
A description of a very diverse hoard of gold coins from Mongke (Chingizid) and anonymous Chingizid issues. All the coins are fully described with legends written out in Arabic. There is one fold-out plate of photos.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. O Nachale Monetnoi Chekanki v Khorezme i Saraye v Kontse XIII v./ On the beginning of minting of coins in Khwarezm and Saray at the end of the 13th Century. Epigrafika Vostoka, Vol. XIV, pp. 79-89, 1961.
A description of six types of the Golden Horde. They are very early types from Khwarezm and Saray struck from AH 678-698. Most are from the reign of Toqtu. Four are photographed, but complete legends are written out for all of them.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Nakhodki Dzhuchidskikh Monet/ Finds of Jujid Coins. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Volume IV, pp. 165-221, 1963.
This is an analysis of finds of hundreds of hoards of Golden Horde coins in Russia. There are a very few line drawings of coins, but for the most part it is an analysis of where the coins were found. There is an inventory of the individual hoard.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Monety Rasskazyvayut/ What Coins Tell Us. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Nauchno-
Populyarnaya Seriya, Moscow, 1963.
A popular book explaining the basics of numismatics. When the first coins were made, famous Russian numismatists, Islamic coins in Russia, monetary reform, monetary systems, etc. Fairly easy Russian vocabulary and written by one of Russia’s great modern numismatists.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Nuzimatika Khorezma Zolotoordinskovo Perioda/ Numismatics of Khwarizm from the Period of the Golden Horde. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol V, pp. 179-224, 1965.
Coins of the short-lived Islamic Sufid dynasty in Khwarizm. Includes complete coin descriptions, very nice plates of line drawings, lower quality plates of photographs. There is also an analysis (in Russian) of the monetary system.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Dva Klada Syerebranikh Monet XIII B. iz Bolgar/Two Hoards of Silver Coins of the 13th Century from Bolgar. Numismatika i Epigrafika, Vol. X, pp. 167-173, 1972.
A description of two hoards of the Islamic Golden Horde (Jujids).
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Klad Syerebranikh Dzhuchidskikh Monet s Syelitrennovo Gorodishcha/A Hoard of Silver Jujid Coins. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. XIII, pp. 58-76, 1980.
A hoard of coins of the Islamic Golden Horde. There are no coin descriptions in text, but there are plates of line drawings at the end of the journal.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Moneti Moskovskoi Rusi. Izdatyelstvo Moskovskovo Universiteta, Moscow, 1981.
Coins of medieval feudal Russian principalities around Moscow. Includes Islamic coinage of the Golden Horde. Hundreds of line drawings and photographs. Islamic coins do not have legends written out.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Monety Rasskazyvayut/ What Coins Tell Us. Moskva Pedagogika, Moscow, 1981.
This appears to be a greatly revised and very different and simplified version of his 1963 work by the same title. It is a popular work concentrating on a history of Russian coinage. Very simple vocabulary.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Moneti Nizhegorodskovo Knazhestva/Coins of Nizhny Novgorod. Izdatyelstvo
Moskovskovo Universiteta, Moscow, 1989.
Coins of medieval feudal Russian principalities of Nizhny Novgorod, Gorodzek, Suzdal and others. Includes Islamic coinage of the Golden Horde. Hundreds of line drawings and photographs. Islamic coins do not have legends written out, but some Arabic legends are transliterated.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Klad Monet XIII v. iz Volzhskoi Bolgarii/ A Horde of Coins of the Volga Bolghars from the 13th Century . Pp. 181-192, In: V. A. Mogil’nikov (Ed.), Problemy Arkheologii Evrazii, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Ordena Trudovovo Krasnovo Znameni Institut Arkheologii, Moscow, 1991.
The description of a hoard of 906 coins, copper and silver, from the Volga Bulghars, sometimes described as very early Golden Horde. The coins are in the name of al-Nasir, Mongke and Arig Bugi. Ten coins are illustrated with line drawings, but most types are referenced to Fraehn, Yanina, and other references.
Fedorov-Davidov, G. A. Denezhnoye Delo Zolotoi Ordy. Paleograf, Moscow, 2003.
A wonderful catalogue of the coinage of the Golden Horde, mostly issues of Jani Beg and later, and discussion of their monetary system. This is a posthumous work compiled by Mel’nikova, Singatullina, Gaidukov, Volkov, Kolyzin, Pachkalov and Severova. There is a description of more than 340 recent hoards of GH coins, a catalogue of 614 coins, a bibliography of writings on Golden Horde coinage, and an English summary. Each coin has a line drawing, and legends are translated into Russian, but not written out in Arabic. Includes Uljay Timur and an excellent run of coppers from many mints.
Felix, Ervin J. The Bank Note Collector’s Guide and Companion. H. E. Harris & Co., Boston, 1976.
A very basic introduction to banknotes of the world. It has several guides to identifying world banknotes and has an alphabetical list of countries and the denominations used in those countries.
Fengler, Heinz, Gerhard Gierow and Wilhelm Unger. Slovar Numizmata. Radio i Svyaz, Moscow, 1993.
Originally published in German, 1976. In Russian.
A basic dictionary or encyclopedia of numismatics. It covers world coins. The definitions look good, and it is a good book for learning the Russian vocabulary of numismatics.
Fiala, Eduard. Beschreibung der Sammlung Boehmischer Muenzen und Medaillen des Max Donebauer.
Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1970. One volume of text, a second volume of plates.
Bohemian coinage from Celtic times, and then beginning with Boleslaw I (935-967) and ending with Franz Joseph (1848- ). The majority is a description of Donebauer's collection, but Fiala also includes a second part with coins that were not in that collection.
Finn, Patrick. Irish Coin Values. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1979.
Irish coin values based on the catalogue of Irish coins by Dowle and Finn. Hiberno-Norse through modern.
Fisher, George A., Jr. Fisher's Ding. Published by the Author, Littleton, Colorado, 1990.
Ding Fubao's catalogue of old Chines cast conage selectively translated and annotated, with coin numbering, modern pricing, an index, a cross-reference to Schjoth's catalog, transliteration conversion tables, Manchu writing examples, a list of Qing (Ch'ing) Dynasty mints, etc., added.
Flensborg, Peter. Montarbogen 1977. P. Flensborgs Forlag, Copenhagen, 1977. In Danish.
A yearbook of prices of coins of Denmark through 1541. The first section covers all early and medieval coins described by Hauberg and has each consecutive Hauberg number illustrated. The end of this section also covers each of the 37 types found in Grenaa and described by Galster. The second section does the same for Mansfeld-Buelllner. The third covers coins by Galster number but does not illustrate all coins. There is an extensive overview of Roman coinage and a few book reviews.
Flerov, V. S. Osnovy Numizmatiki/ Fundamentals of Numismatics. Pages 105-201, In: A. M. Selivanova, Klady Zemli Yaroslavskoi, Yaroslavskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Yaroslavl’, 1995.
In introduction to the study of numismatics, including chapters on numismatics as a science, the history of numismatics, importance of hoards, terminology, and techniques used in manufacturing and studying coins. Very few illustrations, but relatively simple Russian text.
Foerschner, Gisela. Glaspasten, Geschnittene Steine, Arabische Muenzgewichte. Kleine Schriften des
Historischen Museums Frankfurt am Main, Verlag Gutenberg, Melsungen, 1982.
A neat little catalogue of carved stones (intaglios, seals, etc.) from Roman through modern times and Arabic weights, mostly made from glass. These all apparently came from one collection in the 19th century. There are some nice color photos of some of the nicer pieces, and black and white photos of all of them, complete with translated (into German) legends, size and weight data, etc. There are more than 475 objects photographed and described.
Fomin, A. V. Kuficheskiye Moneti Gnezdovskovo Klada/ Kufic Coins in the Gnezdov (?) Hoard. Drevneishiye Gosudarstva Vostochnoi Yevropi: Novoye v Numizmatke, Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Rossiiskoi Istorii, Moscow, pp. 187-203, 1994.
The description of a hoard of Abbasid, Buwayhid and Samanid dirhams found in eastern Europe. There are photographs of some of the coins and a list of mints and dates found.
Fontenla Ballesta, Salvador. Un Hallazgo Numismatico en la “Huerta del Nublo” (Lorca, Murcia). II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 133-143, 1988.
Description of a coin hoard including Muwahhid, Kings of Murcia, and Hafsid. Nicely preserved coins. Beautiful photos, no inscriptions written out.
Fontenla Ballesta, Salvador. Moneda Inedita de Tipo Almohade. II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 297-302, 1988.
Previously undescribed Muwahhid square coins with a circle inscribed within, legends within circles. Apparently billon or silver. Nice photos and simple legends.
Fontenla Ballesta, Salvador. Las Acunaciones Medievales de Lorca. Amigos del Museo Arqueologico de Lorca, 1994.
Lorca is in southern Spain in Murcia. This small book covers the numismatic history of Lorca, mostly Islamic, but also early medieval. Each chapter is divided into a history, description of the coinage, and what is known about counterfeits. It covers the Caliphate, a rebel Daisam b. Ishaq, Almeria, Almohades, and the conquest by Alfonso X. The photographs of coins are rather dark and hard to read, so the book is best for the history and list of hoards, not for the coin illustrations.
Fontenla Ballesta, Salvador. La moneda andalusi en Andalucia Oriental. In: A. Canto and V. Salvatierra (Eds.), IV. Jarique de Numismatica Andalusi, Universidad de Jaen, Museo Casa de la Moneda,pp. 165-191, 2000.
Coins of the later Hudids of eastern Spain (Taifas Almoravides), of Baeza, and of the Nasrids of Granada, including square silver coinage of Almeria. There are some beautiful photos of some very rare coins, as well as extensive numismatic history and metrology.
Forrer, Robert. Keltische Numismatik der Rhein- und Donaulaende. Ergaenzte Neuaufgabe. Two volumes. Second volume edited by Karel Castelin. Volume 1 originally published by Karl J. Truebner, Strassburg, 1908. New expanded edition published by Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1968 (Volume 1) and 1969 (Volume 2) .
A treatise on the Celtic coinage, particularly that of the eastern Celts. The reprinted Volume 1 includes extensive footnotes that refer to Volume 2. Castelin edited the second volume, which includes corrections and new information referring back to Forrer's original work. Many photos in the text and plates. Also includes maps.
Fraehn, Ch. M. Recensio Numorum Muhammedanorum. Academiae Imp. Scient. Petropolitanae, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1826. (Photocopy). In Latin.
Early and important compendium of Islamic coins. Fraehn invented the classic classification system for the Islamic dynasties that has been used or modified for almost two centuries (Class I, Umayyads, Class II, Abbasids, etc.). While much of the work has been superceded by more recent works, some of the sections on Russian dynasties (Golden Horde, for instance) are still very important. There are no illustrations, but legends are written out in Arabic and translated into Latin.
Fraehn, Ch. M. Monety Khanov Ulusa Dzhuchieva ili Zolotoi Ordy s Monetami Raznykh Inykh
Mukhammedanskikh Dinastii/ Coins of the Khans of the Ulus Jujid or the Golden Horde with Coins of Various Islamic Dynasties. St. Petersburg, 1832. Reprinted 2001, Nizhny Novgorod.
An extremely important early work on the Golden Horde. It also includes some coins of the Giray Khans, Abbasid fulus, Tahirids, Samanids, Khwarezmshahs, Chingizid, Chaghatayid, Timurid, Shaybanid, Manghits of Bukhara, Umayyad, Ilkhan, Jalayrid, Afsharid, Zand, Qajar, and others. The Golden Horde portion is by far the most important, and it includes some of the rarest rulers. Legends are written out, and there are line drawings in plates at the back. There are also references to Recensio numbers. It is obviously incomplete, but definitely very useful.
Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. Coinage in East Africa before Portuguese Times. The Numismatic Chronicle, Sixth Series, Volume XVII, pp. 151-175, 1957. Photocopy.
A description of coins from Kilwa, Mafia Islands, Zanzibar, Pemba and Kenya. It is additions to earlier known coins, not a comprehensive corpus. Some historical information.
Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. Coins from Mogadishu, c. 1300 to c. 1700. The Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Volume III (1963), pp. 179-200.
A description of several hoards and collections of the coinage of Islamic Mogadishu, Somalia. Includes coinage of Kilwa found in Mogadishu. Includes Arabic inscriptions with translations, and one plate of photographs. Includes some history, but little of the sultanate is known.
Frere, Hubert. Le Denier Carolingien, Specialement en Belgique. Publications d’Histoire de l’Art et
d’Archeologie de l’Universite Catholique de Louvain VIII, Numismatica Lovaniensia 1, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 1977.
European coinage from before the reform of Charlemagne until almost the end of the 10th century (752-987). There is a special section on those coins struck in mints in Belgium. All coins fully described and accompanied by photos and/or line drawings. There are maps showing mints during each reign. Nice specialist book.
Friedensburg, F. Schlesiens Muenzen und Muenzwesen vor dem Jahre 1220. Verlag von F. & P. Lehmann, Berlin, 1886. Reprinted by Verlag P. Maercker, Ihringen, 1984.
History and description of the earliest coinage of Silesia. Not a catalogue, but does include two plates of line drawings illustrating the various phases of the coinage. Includes as an appendix a description of four hoards of Silesian coins originally published in a journal Altschlesien.
Friedensburg, Ferdinand. Muenzkunde und Geldgeschichte der Einzelstaaten des Mittelalters und der Neueren Zeit. Originally published Munich and Berlin, 1926. Facsimile Reprint by Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1972.
The history of coinage of each European country in medieval and modern times. It includes Jerusalem, Armenia, Georgia and other Christian states in the Middle East. There are lists of the most important literature, several plates of coin photos, but mostly text. It is somewhat like an abbreviated version of Engel and Serrure with fewer illustrations.
Friedensburg, F. and H. Seger. Schlesiens Muenzen und Medaillen der neueren Zeit. Vereins fuer das Museum schlesischer Altertuemer, Breslau, 1901.
The coinage of Silesia from the latter part of the 15th century through the late 1800's. The book is done in the style of and a supplement to Saurma's work on Silesia.
Friederich, K. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Kontermarkenwesens. Originally published as part II,
Auktionskataloges der Firma Adolph Hess Nachf., Frankfurt/Main, 1914. Reprint by Numismatischen Verlag H. Dombrowski, Muenster, 1970.
Both a catalogue and a history of countermarks on coins of Germany. Not all of the coins are photographed, and there aren’t many drawings of countermarks in the text. Nice book.
Frisione, Gino. Monete Italiane. La Moneta, Genoa, Italy, 1964.
Covers modern Italy from 1814 until 1964, including Eritrea, Italian Somalia, Albania, Lombardy (1848) and Venice (1848-1849). Includes rarities by date and an explanation of what is pictured on obverse and reverse of each coin type.
Frochoso Sanchez, Rafael. Las Monedas Califales de Ceca al-Andalus y Madinat al-Zahra, 316-403 H, 928-1013 J. C. Consejeria de Cultura de la Junta de Andalucia y Obra Social y Cultural Cajasur, Cordoba, 1996.
This is an important year-by-year description of the coinage of the Umayyads of Spain from ‘Abd al-Rahman III through Sulayman. Each year includes a discussion of the coinage and photos of important varieties of gold and silver. There is an extensive list of legends, ornamentation, etc., at the back, as well as a good bibliography. There is a small section on the copper coinage of Madinat al-Zahra.
Frochoso Sanchez, Rafael. Los feluses del periodo de los gobernadores omeyas en al-Andalus. Nvmisma 237, pp. 259-289, 1996. (Photocopy)
A predecessor of his later book on Spanish coppers. This article covers only the period of Umayyad governors in Spain, not the later independent Caliphate. Each coin is fully described with Arabic legends. There is a photo or drawing of each sub-type in plates at the end of the article.
Frochoso Sanchez, Rafael. Los Feluses de al-Andalus. Numismatica Cordoba, Madrid, 2001.
An exceptional work on the copper Fulus of the Umayyads in Spain. It covers the period of governors in the central Umayyad Caliphate and the independent Caliphs in Spain. Each type and sub-type is fully described with Arabic legends and translations into Spanish. Plates at the end have photos or drawings of each sub-type. The most complete work yet on Islamic coppers in Spain.
Frolova, N. A. Monetnoye delo Bospora (Seredina I v. do n.e. - Seredina IV v. n.e.)/ Monetary Affairs of Bosporus (Middle 1st Century BC - Middle 4th Century AD). Volumes 1 and 2. Editorial URSS, Moscow, 1997.
An extensive catalogue of the coins of Cimmerian Bosporus. It is more detailed than Stanislavskii’s catalogue in that the author has shown many more types and die varieties within reigns and within years. The photographs are not as clear as Stanislavskii, but it is an important contribution to Bosporus numismatics. There is a very good bibliography.
Frolova, N. A. Bosporskiye Monety Vremeni Pravleniya Asandra (49/48 - 21/20 gg. do n. e. / Bosporus Coins from the Time of the Reign of Asander. Pp. 17-60 In: A. S. Belyakov and A. A. Molchanov, Numizmatika v Istoricheskom Muzee, Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya, Numizmaticheskii Sbornik Chast’ 14, Moscow, 2001.
Cimmerian Bosporus from the second half of the first century B. C. It includes both Gold and Copper coins, most illustrated with mediocre photos. Asander is only the second Cimmerian Bosporus ruler listed in Sear.
Frost, Peter. The Bakumatsu Currency Crisis. Harvard East Asian Monographs No. 36, East Asian Research Center, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., 1970.
This is a fascinating economic history of Japan during the years 1853-1872, the first two decades after Japan ceased its isolationist philosophy and agreed to trade with other parts of the world. The U. S. was especially instrumental in breaking down the barriers to trade. The book describes the monetary problems as Japan had to negotiate an exchange rate and battle a serious bout of inflation. This is the period of Japanese numismatics with the elongate Hansatsu banknotes and the rectangular silver and gold coins.
Frye, Richard N. Notes on the Early Coinage of Transoxiana. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 113, The American Numismatic Society, New York, 1949.
A note on the numismatic history of pre-Islamic and early transitional coins of Sogdiana, Khwarizm and Bukhara in central Asia.
Gadoury, Victor, and Georges Cousinie. Monnaies Coloniales Francaises, 1670-1980. Published by the Gadoury, Monte Carlo, 1980.
One of the classic references on French Colonial coinage. There is much better background material than in Krause. Values in three grades, good photos.
Gaidukov, P. G. Medniye Russkiye Moneti Kontsa XIV-XVI Vekov/ Copper Russian Coins, End of XIV-XVI Centuries. Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology, Moscow, 1993.
The highest-quality publication I have seen to come out of Russia or the Soviet Union. It is a compendium of medieval Russian copper coins, most from Tver, Pskov, Novgorod and Moscow. There are fantastic line drawings of each coin type and enlarged photos of each coin on high-quality plates at the end. Some series have die linkages illustrated as in Melnikova. It includes copper coins struck from dies for silver coins and silver coins struck from copper dies. A fantastic book.
Gaidukov, P. G. Kollektsiya Polushek XV-XVI vv./ A Collection of Polushkas from the 15th - 16th Centuries. In: Monety i Medali,Sbornik Statei po Materialam Kollektsii Otdela Numizmatiki, pp. 194-204, Gosudarstvennii Muzei Izobrazitel’nikh Iskusstv im. A. S. Pushkina, Moscow, 1996.
A high-quality description of three main types of polushkas from Moscow and Novgorod. It includes full descriptions, line drawings and photographic plates.
Gaidukov, P. G. O Datirovke “Polushek” c Izobrazheniyem Dvuglavovo Orla pod Tremya Koronami/The Dating of Polushkas with a Depiction of a Two-Headed Eagle under Three Crowns. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Volume XVI, pp. 281-289, 1999.
Polushkas with a double-headed eagle and the word Tsar should be considered Dengas and were probably issued between 1698 and 1711. In Russian with English summary.
Gaidukov, P. G. Tverskiye Polushki XVI v./ 16th Century Polushkas from Tver. Sed’maya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Moscow, pp. 121-123, 1999.
Line drawings of two types of tiny silver Polushkas (1/4 kopeks) from the Tver mint.
Galloway, Albert. Illustrated Coin Dating Guide for the Eastern World. Krause Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 1984.
Detailed instructions on how to read the dates on Oriental coins, with formulae for converting to western dates.
Galster, Georg. Montfundet fra Grenaa og de Jydske Penninge fra Tiden 1146-1234. Reprinted from Aarboger
for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie, 1931. H. H. Thieles Bogtrukkeri, Copenhagen, 1933.
An analysis of a find of over 12,000 coins from Grenaa, Denmark, mostly from the time of Valdemar II, and a review of coins from Jutland, Denmark. Thirty-seven types are described, with many more photographs of varieties.
Galster, Georg. Unionstidens Udmontninger. Dansk Numismatisk Forening, Copenhagen, 1972. Danish, with English summary.
Coinage of Denmark and Norway from 1397-1540 and of Sweden from 1363-1521.
Gamberini di Scarfea. Prontuario Prezzario delle monete, oselle e bolle di Venezia; monete dei possedimenti ed oselle di Murano, monete battute a venezia ed ossidionali di Napoleone; monete degli Absburgo e del Risorgimento. (814-1912). Second Edition, Forni Editore, Bologna, 1969.
Standard reference on the coinage of Venice, Italy, from 814 through 1912. Includes rarity listings and 1969 prices.
Gardiakos, Soterios. The Coins of Cyprus, 1489-1571. Obol International, Oak Park, Illinois, 1969. Bound photocopy.
Includes a brief history, particularly of the influence of Venice, and a catalogue with rarity estimates.
Gardiakos, Soterios. A Catalogue of the Coins of Dalmatia et Albania (1410-1797). Obol International, Oak Park, Illinois, 1970. Bound photocopy.
Coinage struck by the government of Venice for Dalmatia and Albania. Includes present-day Albania, Jugoslavia, and parts of Greece (mainly coastal areas of Epirus).
Gardiakos, Soterios. The Coins of Cyprus, 1489-1571, 2nd Edition. Obol International, Chicago, 1975.
Includes a brief history, particularly of the influence of Venice, and a catalogue with rarity estimates.
Gardiakos, Soterios. A Catalogue of the Coins of Dalmatia et Albania (1410-1797). Obol International, Chicago, 1980.
Coinage struck by the government of Venice for Dalmatia and Albania. Includes present-day Albania, Jugoslavia, and parts of Greece (mainly coastal areas of Epirus).
Gardner, C. T. The Coinage of Corea and their Values. Scorpion Publishers, Buffalo, New York, 1976.
A reprint of an early work (1892-1893) on Korean square-holed cash-type coins. It is not nearly complete and has been superceded by Mandel and Krause.
Gardner, Percy. The Coinage of Parthia. Originally Published 1877. Reprinted by Sanford J. Durst, Rockford Center, NY, 2000.
A classic early work on the history and coinage of the Parthians. The history is easy to read, though sketchy. The plates are clear enough to be useful, and there are tables comparing legends and titles of different rulers. Given my ignorance of things Parthian, anything helps.
Gasparino Garcia, Sebastian. Algunas monedas almohades. In: A. Canto and V. Salvatierra (Eds.), IV. Jarique de Numismatica Andalusi, Universidad de Jaen, Museo Casa de la Moneda,pp. 213-216, 2000.
Essentially four notes on unusual Muwahhid square silver coins. There are three mintless types with Kufic script, a half dirham of Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Mu’min b. ‘Ali from Seville, a quarter dirham from Marrakesh, and two eighth dirhams, one mintless and one from Marrakesh. There is also an appendix explaining the historical context of the legend al-hadrat al-muminiyya al-murtadiyya that appears on one of the Kufic types. Each coin has an enlarged high-quality photo and full legends written in Arabic, with the legends of the fractions transliterated and translated into Spanish.
Gaube, Heinz. Arabosasanidische Numismatik. Handbuecher der mittelasiatischen Numismatic, Band II. Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1973.
An extensive treatment (in German) and guide to identification of Arab-Sasanian coinage in Iran. Covers mid 7th to late 8th century.
Gayev, A. G. Moneti Zolotoordinskovo Khana Makhmuda (1445-1461)/ Golden Horde Coins of Mahmud Khan (1445-1461). Sed’maya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Moscow, pp. 70-73, 1999.
A description of three types of silver dirhams of the Golden Horde, Mahmud Khan. They were struck at the Urdu or Ordu mint. There are line drawings of all three types.
Gebhart, Hans. Numismatik und Geldgeschichte. Carl Winter Universitaetsverlag, Heidelberg, 1949.
A history of the development of coinage focusing more on why it developed and the way coinage became the basis of national economies.
Gebhart, Hans. Von der Numismatik zur Geldgeschichte. In Harald Ingholt, Centennial Publication of the
American Numismatic Society, New York, 1958, pp. 233-237.
A short essay on the study of why coinage developed.
Gel’tser, M. L. Drevnepalestinskaya Keramicheskaya Epigrafika kak Vazhnyi Istoricheskii Istochnik/ Ancient Palestinian Epigraphy as an Important Historical Source. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVII, pp. 18-37, 1966.
Historical interpretation of inscriptions on ancient ceramics, including many interesting stamp seals. Many of the pieces are illustrated with nice line drawings. Most of the inscriptions are described in transliteration and translation into Russian with no rendition of the original.
Ghalib, Ismail. Takvim-i Meskukat-i Osmaniye/Essai de numismatique ottomane. Catalogue des monnaies et medailles de la colletion de l’auteur. Constantinople, 1307/1889.
An early catalogue of a private collection of Islamic Ottoman coinage. Legends written out. Few photographs. In Ottoman Turkish.
Ghalib, Ismail. Takvim-i Meskukat-i Selcukiyye/Catalogue des Monnaies Seldjoukides. Originally published Constantinople, 1892/1309. Reprinted by Basnur Matbaasi, Ankara, 1971. In Ottoman Turkish.
Coinage primarily of the Islamic Seljuqs of Rum, but includes Anatolian Beyliks of Saruhan, Aidin, Germiyan, Karamanid and Isfendiyarid. Arabic inscriptions written out. Several plates of photographs and some good indices.
Ghalib, Ismail. Meskukat-i Kadime-i Islamiye Katalogu. Catalogue of Coins of the Imperial Ottoman Museum, Part 1. Constantinople, 1312/1894. Two-sided photocopy, green hard thesis binding.
A catalogue of the earliest Islamic coinage. Includes Arab-Byzantine, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Tulunid, Ikhshidid, Samanid, Buwayhid, Hamdanid, Marwanid, Alid dynasties. Legends are all written out. Several photographic plates. In Ottoman Turkish.
Ghalib Edhem, Ismail. Maskukat-i Turkmaniye Qataloghi. Constantinople, 1311/1894.
The original work in Ottoman Turkish on Atabeg coinage. Includes Artuqid, Zangid, Begteginid and Ayyubid dynasties.
Ghalib Edhem, Ismail. Catalogue des monnaies Turcomanes du Musee Imperial Ottoman. Originally published Constantinople, 1894. Reprinted by Arnoldi Forni Editore, Bologna, 1965 (200 Copies).
The old standard work on the Turcoman Atabegs. Includes Artuqid, Zangid, Begteginid and Ayyubid dynasties. Full descriptions of coins with Arabic legends, poor photographic plates, several indices of legends, titles, mints, dates, and genealogies. Not as useful as more modern references like Spengler and Sayles, but catalogue numbers still used by some. Better photos than the later reprint.
Ghalib Edhem, Ismail. Catalogue des monnaies Turcomanes du Musee Imperial Ottoman. Originally published Constantinople, 1894. Reprinted by Arnoldi Forni Editore, Bologna, 1978.
The old standard work on the Turcoman Atabegs. Includes Artuqid, Zangid, Begteginid and Ayyubid dynasties. Full descriptions of coins with Arabic legends, poor photographic plates, several indices of legends, titles, mints, dates, and genealogies. Not as useful as more modern references like Spengler and Sayles, but catalogue numbers still used by some.
Ghyssens, Joseph. Les Petits Deniers de Flandre des XIIe et XIIIe Siecles. Cercle d'Etudes Numismatiques Travaux 5, Brussels, 1971.
A thorough treatment of small deniers of Flanders, Belgium, in the 12th and 13th centuries. Gives a chronology and place of minting where possible. Several hundred coins described and photographed. In French and Dutch.
Gill, Dennis. The Coinage of Ethiopia, Eritrea and Italian Somalia. Dennis Gill, Garden City, New York, 1991.
A numismatic history of Ethiopia, Eritrea and Italian Somalia from ancient to modern times, with a complete catalogue of coins, banknotes and medals from the Amirs of Harar (1782) through the present including valuations. Includes a general non-numismatic history of the area.
Glock, Alice. Minuscule Monuments of Ancient Art: Catalogue of Near Eastern Stamp and Cylinder Seals Collected by Virginia E. Bailey. New Jersey Museum of Archaeology, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey, 1988.
A catalogue that accompanied an exhibit of 182 seals at the New Jersey Museum of Archaeology. Each seal is photographed in black and white with a few of the top, the bottom, and an impression of the seal’s design. There is only a brief introductory page, followed by the catalogue, with each seal nicely described. Includes stamp and cylinder seals as well as some really neat amulets. Sasanian seals are well-represented, including one with a scorpion.
Glueck, Harry, Birger Wennberg and Hans Hirsch. Artalsfoerteckning Svenska Mynt, Vaerderingspriser 1973. Numismatiska Bokfoerlaget AB, Stockholm, 1972.
Nice catalogue of Swedish coins from 1521 through 1972. Nice grayscale photos, values in two grades. Includes a nice bibliography.
Gnecchi, Ercole. Sammlung des Herrn Cav. E. Gnecchi in Mailand. I. Abteilung. Muenzstaetten Acqui bis Lucca. II. Abteilung. Muenzstaetten Maccagno bis Musso. III. u. letzte Abteilung. Muenzstaetten Napoli bis Zara. August Osterrieth, Frankfurt am Main, 1901 (Part I) and 1902 (Parts II and III). Reprinted by Alfred Szego, Oakdale, New York, 1973, as a single volume.
An auction catalogue in three parts of a massive collection of Italian coinage (5849 lots). Many coins photographed.
Gnyatovich, Dragana. Dobri i Zli Dinari/ Good and Evil Dinars. Yugoslovenski Pregled, Beograd, 1998. In Serbian with English Summary.
This is not a catalogue. It is a study of the functions of money and the monetary system of medieval Serbia. The term “evil dinars” refers to underweight coins or coins of inferior metal. There are a few nice illustrations of coins, medieval manuscripts, and woodcuts.
Goebl, Robert. Dokumente zur Geschichte der iranischen Hunnen in Baktrien und Indien. Band I. Katalog. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1967.
The first of four volumes of the only comprehensive work on the coins of the Huns, Hephthalites, Kidarites, and other related groups. It includes countermarked Sasanian coins and countermarked imitation Sasanian drachmas. This volume is the catalogue without illustrations. It has a bit of introductory text, but very little history. There are good indices of legends in different languages (Baktrian, Sogdian, etc.).
Goebl, Robert. Dokumente zur Geschichte der iranischen Hunnen in Baktrien und Indien. Band II. Kommentare. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1967.
This volume goes into detail explaining the coins. It is the longest volume, has a lot of history, explanations of names and legends found on coins, attempts at dating the coins (including Kushan).
Goebl, Robert. Dokumente zur Geschichte der iranischen Hunnen in Baktrien und Indien. Band III. 98
Fototafeln. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1967.
The photos that accompany the first two volumes. There are 98 plates, each with excellent photos.
Goebl, Robert. Dokumente zur Geschichte der iranischen Hunnen in Baktrien und Indien. Band IV. 48
Zeichentafeln. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1967.
The last volume with 48 plates of countermarks, crowns, symbols and tamgas, legends.
Goebl, Robert. Sasanian Numismatics. Manuals of Middle Asian Numismatics, Volume I. Klinkhardt &
Biermann, Braunschweig, 1971.
The standard reference on Sasanian coinage. Covers Persia or Iran prior to conversion to Islam (208-651). Very detailed treatments of all aspects of coin design and legends, many photographic plates and illustrations of design variations. A brief historical survey also included.
Goebl, Robert. Der sasanidische Siegelkanon. Handbuecher der mittelasiatischen Numismatik, Band IV.
Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1973.
The standard reference on Sasanian seal stones. It is mostly a catalogue with a systematic means of grouping similar types. Many plates and illustrations of different designs.
Goetz, Christian Jacob. Deutschlands Kayser-Muenzen des Mittel-Alters. Originally Published by the Author, Dresden, 1827. Facsimile Reprint by Zentralantiquariat der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, Leipzig, 1968.
A description of the coins of the Holy Roman Emperors from Charlemagne to Maximilian I (768-1506). Each emperor's coins are grouped by mint town. A summary of contributions of each emperor precedes the coin descriptions. Over 600 coins are described and illustrated with line drawings.
Golfari, Lamberto. Monedas del Mundo Medieval: Diez Siglos de Historia. Jesus Vico, S. A. and Fernando P. Segarra, Madrid, 1994.
A very well done introduction to medieval coinage. All photographs of coins (about 300) are high quality and enlarged. The book is wide-ranging in scope, covering medieval Russia, Islamic coins, a lot of eastern Europe, and the tradtional European coinage over ten centuries. There are even a few Indian and other Asian coins. The text looks easy to read. I’ve been able to glean quite a bit of information from it with my rudimentary knowledge of Spanish. Nice book! An eBay treasure.
Golyenko, K. V. Klad Monet, Naidennii v 1951 g. v Patrze/ A Hoard of Coins found in 1951 i Patrze.
Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1957(2), pp. 197-204, 1957.
Description and analysis of a hoard of 397 copper coins of Cimmerian Bosporus dated 572-633 (275-366 AD). There are two full-page plates of photos.
Golyenko, K. V. Vtoroi Patreiskii Klad Monet/ A Second Hoard of Coins from Patreisk. Numizmatika
i Epigrafika, Vol. I, pp. 223-288, 1960.
Description of a hoard of almost 400 coins of the later rulers of Cimmerian Bosporus. There are photos of all of the coins, tables with legends and dates, etc. Nice article.
Goncharov, E. Y. Medniye Moneti XIV v. Goroda Khadzhi-Tarkhan/Copper Coins of Hajji Tarkhan of the 14th Century. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp. 177-188, 1997.
Copper puli of the Golden Horde mint of Hajji Tarkhan. One has the name of Cherkes Beg, the rest are anonymous. Nice line drawings, legends written out.
Goncharov, E. Y. and A. V. Pachkalov. O monetnoi Dvore Ak-Sarai (Zolotaya Orda)/ The mint Aq-Saray (Golden Horde). Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Muzei, Moscow, pp. 85-87, 2002.
Description of a type of anonymous Golden Horde pul with the mint name Aq Saray, read by Klokov and Lebedev as pul Saray (a pul from Saray). According to the authors there are only three examples known (one of which is in my collection). There is a photograph of one of the coins.
Gorny, Dieter. Auktion nr. 27. Giessener Muenzhandlung Dieter Gorny, Muenchen, 1984. With prices realized.
An entire auction deveoted to Russian coinage, with an extensive collection of very early coinage.
Gorny, Norman F. Northern Song Dynasty Cash Variety Guide. Volume 1. Fugo Senshi. Published by the author, Portland, Oregon, 2001.
Fugo Shensi, by Yamada Kosho, is a two-volume work, published 1827-1829, that classifies Northern Sung one cash coins by die varieties. Gorny has based this work on Fugo Shensi, essentially giving a numerical classification to that work, transliterating and translating variety names and giving rarity ratings. There are rubbings or drawings of all of the varieties. Nice detailed work for those who want to go beyond one coin per reign.
Gorny, Norman F. Northern Song Dynasty Cash Variety Guide, Volume 2. Kosen Daizen, Song Yuan to Jing You, A. D. 968 - 1034. Published by the author, Eugene, Oregon, 2003.
A continuation of the authors detailed guide to die varieties of Northern Sung cash.
Gorny, Norman F. Northern Song Dynasty Cash Variety Guide, Volume 3. Kosen Daizen, Huang Song to Xi Ning, A.D. 1038-1071. Published by the author, Eugene, Oregon, 2003.
A continuation of the authors detailed guide to die varieties of Northern Sung cash
Gorny, Norman F. Northern Song Dynasty Cash Variety Guide, Volume 4. Kosen Daizen, Yuan Feng to Yuan You, A.D. 1078-1086. Published by the author, Eugene, Oregon, 2003.
A continuation of the authors detailed guide to die varieties of Northern Sung cash.
Goron, Stan and J. P. Goenka. The Coins of the Indian Sultanates Covering the Area of Present-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Dehli, 2001.
An extensive and incredibly well-produced catalouge of the Arab Governors of Sind, Amirs of Sind, Amirs of Multan, Ghaznavids, Sultans of Dehli, Sultans of Bengal, Madura, Bahmani Sultans and their precursors, ‘Adil Shahs of Bijapur, Barid Shahs of Bidar, Nizam Shahs of Ahmadnagar, Qutb Shahs of Golkonda, Sultans of Jaunpur, Kalpi, Gujarat, Khandesh, Kashmir, Sind and the Punjab. There is good introductory information, each type is photographed, and the legends are described. Legends are written out in Arabic in the coin descriptions, but can generally be found elswhere. Printed on good heavy paper. A wonderful production that generally makes Rajgor’s catalogue obsolete.
Goryachev, S. A. Moneti Korolya Sigizmunda III/ Coins of King Sigismund III. Izdatyelstvo Gezakom, Saint Petersburg, 1998.
A nice high-quality catalogue of the coins of King Sigismund III of Poland (1587-1632). The illustrations are great, and there are descriptions of many varieties. Cool little book.
Goussous, Nayef G. Coinage of the Ancient and Islamic World. Arab Bank, Amman, Jordan, 1991.
A beautiful overview of the coins of Syria. Includes both ancient and Islamic, with heavy emphasis on Umayyad coppers of the five junds of Bilad al-Sham (Greater Syria). Fantastic photos, legends of coins written out, great maps. Outstanding bank publication.
Goussous, Nayef G. Umayyad Coinage of Bilad al-Sham. Arab Bank, Amman, Jordan, 1996.
History and numismatics of Umayyad Syria, with strong emphasis on copper coinage. It is not a comprehensive catalogue, but more a narrative of the historical development of the coinage and methods used to investigate it. He summarizes various authors’ classification schemes (Bates, Qedar, etc.). Nice book.
Grabar, Oleg. The Coinage of the Tulunids. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 139. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1957.
The standard reference on the Islamic Tulunid dynasty (868-905). Almost 100 coins described, with Arabic legends written out, and 25 photographed. Extensive history of the dynasty.
Granberg, Beatrice. F?rteckning ?ver Kufiska Myntfynd I Finland. Studia Orientalia Edidit Societas Orientalis Fennica XXXIV, Helsinki, 1966.
A list of finds of Islamic coins found in Finland. The coins include Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian, Tabaristan, Umayyad, Spanish Umayyad, Abbasid, Tahirid, Idrisid, Tudgha, Zaidid, Saffarid, Samanid, Hamdanid, Ziyarid, Volga-Bulghar, Uqaylid, Marwanid, Qarakhanid, and imitations of Spanish Umayyad, Abbasid, Samanid, Uqaylid and other types. Some of the find desriptions have coin legends transliterated. Important coins are photographed.
Grasser, Walter. Bayerische Muenzen vom Silberpfennig zum Golddukaten. Rosenheimer Verlagshaus, 1980.
A heavily-illustrated narrative history of Bavarian coinage from the earliest times through the 20th century.
Gray, John C. F. Tranquebar: A Guide to the Coins of Danish India circa 1620-1845. Quarteman Publications, Lawrence, MA, 1974.
History and description of these crude coins. Includes both line drawings and photographs of each coin.
Grek, T. V. And E. V. Zeimal’. Indiiskaya Gemma-Pechat’ I v. N.E./ Indian Sealstones from the 1st Century AD. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVI, pp. 29-34, 1963.
An Indian seal stone from the Kushan Empire. It has an image of Siva with a bull and a legend around. There are several photos of Kushan coins showing Siva and the bull for comparison.
Greter-Stueckelberger, Robert. Schweizerische Muenzkataloge IV. Obwalder im 18. une 19. Jahrhundert.
Nidwalden im 19. Jahrhundert. Societe suisse de numismatique, Berne, 1965.
Swiss cantons of Nidwalden and Obwalden, formerly united as Unterwalden.
Grierson, Philip. Bibliographie Numismatique. Cercle D'Etudes Numismatiques Travaux 2, Brussels, 1966. In French.
Numismatic bibliography by subject matter.
Grierson, Philip. Coins of Medieval Europe. B. A. Seaby, Ltd., London, 1991.
Heavily illustrated historical survey of European coinage from the fifth through the fifteenth centuries. Part of the Coins in History series.
Grierson, Philip, and Mark Blackburn. Medieval European Coinage 1. The Early Middle Ages (5th -10th
centuries). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.
Standard reference for early medieval coinage of Europe, with a catalogue of the coins in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.
Grierson, Philip, and Lucia Travaini. Medieval European Coinage 14. Italy (III) (South Italy, Sicily, Sardinia). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998.
The much-awaited second volume to appear in Grierson’s Medieval European Coinage series. It is every bit as impressive as the first volume to appear. The Arabic legends on the Norman coinage of Sicily are transliterated, but not written in Arabic, but cross-references to Travaini’s book should help that. Includes Duchy of Naples, Princes of Capua, Principality of Salerno, Duchy of Amalfi, Duchy of Gaeta, Norman Dukes of Apulia, Sicily, Kingdom of Sardinia, Kingdom of Naples. The time period covered is mid 10th century to ca 1500.
Grigoriev, V. V. Klada iz Zolotoordinskikh Monet, Naidennavo bliz Razvalin Saraya. Zapiski
Sanktpeterburgskavo Arkheologichesko-Numizmaticheskavo Obshchestva, Volume 2, pp. 1-63, 1850. (Photocopy, in pre-reform Russian).
A very important early study of coins of the Golden Horde. Approximately 175 coins are described, ranging from Toqtu (Saray al-Mahrusa 710) through Timur Pulad. It includes issues attributed to Jani Beg II, later believed to be die cutter’s errors on an issue of Jani Beg. Four plates of very nice line drawings of coins.
Grishin, I. V. and V. N. Kleshchinov. Rekonstruktsiya i Klassifikatsiya Shtempelei Provolochnikh “Deneg” Tsarei Fedora, Ivana i Petra Alekseevichei/Reconstruction and Classification of the Varieties of Wire Dengas under Tsars Fedor, Ivan and Peter Alexievich. Mezhdunarodnii Numizmaticheskii Al’manakh, Moneta No. 6, Vologda, pp. 73-77.
Die varieties and combinations of the wire Russian dengas struck from 1676-1698 under tsars Fedor, Ivan and Peter Alexievich. Line drawings of the different die types.
Grishin, I. V. and V. N. Kleshchinov. Katalog Russkikh Srednevekovykh Monet Bremeni Pravleniya Tsarya Mikhaila Fedorovicha (1613-1645 gg)/ Catalogue of Medieval Russian Coins Struck during the Time of the Reign of Czar Mikhail Fedovovich (1613-1645). Editorial YRSS, Moscow, 2001.
A continuation of their earlier work on wire money of Russian Czars. This one covers the many die varieties during the lengthy reign of Mikhail Fedorovich. There are line drawings of all obverse and reverse die types and listings of all combinations of the types. The types are cross-listed with Mel’nikova numbers in a table at the end.
Gropp, Gerd. Some Sasanian Clay Bullae and Seal Stones. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 19, pp. 119-144, 1974.
Descriptions of 5 Sasanian clay bullae and 42 seal stones (22 with inscriptions) from the ANS collection.
Grunthal, Henry. Richard Wagner in Medallic Art. In Harald Ingholt, Centennial Publication of the American Numismatic Society, New York, 1958, pp. 329-348.
Description of 89 medals devoted to Richard Wagner.
Guehler, U. Further Studies of Old Thai Coins. Journal of the Siam Society, Volume XXXV, Pt. 2, pp. 147-172, 1944. Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
Significant additions to Le May’s work on Thailand Bullet coins. Includes photographic plates (mediocre to lousy), and more line drawings of marks found on bullet money.
Guehler, U. Some Investigations on the Evolution of the Pre-Bangkok Coinage. Journal of the Siam Society, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pp. 23-37, 1946. Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
An attempt at a chronology of Ayuthian bullet coins of Thailand. Many mediocre photographs.
Guehler, U. Notes on Old Siamese Coins. Journal of the Siam Society, Volume XXXVII, Part 1, pp. 1-25, 1948. Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
Descriptions of some new bullet types from Thailand, with line drawings of marks and photographs. Also some tiger tongue coins.
Guehler, U. Symbols and Marks of Old Siamese Coins. Journal of the Siam Society, Volume XXXVII, Part 2, pp. 124-143, 1949. Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
An attempt at explaining the meaning of symbols on old coins of Thailand. Covers pre-bullet and bullet coins. Line drawings of the various symbols and photos of various types of coins.
Guilloteau, Victor. Monnaies Francaises: Colonies 1670-1942, Metropole 1774-1942. Versailles, 1937-1942. Reprint.
An older classic reference on coinage of France and French Colonies. A bit disorganized, but it has types and patterns not found in Krause or Gadoury. It is arranged by periods and reigns rather than by country. Great photographs.
Gumayunov, S. V. And I. V. Yevstratov. Shongat - Neizvestnyi Monetnyi Dvor Zolotoi Ordy/ Shongat, an unknown Mint of the Golden Horde. Odinnadtsataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Sankt Petersburg, 14-18 Aprelya 2003, pp. 79-81, 2003.
Shongat is a town in Tatarstan. Two very distinctive anonymous coins are attributed to the Golden Horde in Shongat. Both are photographed. The probably stem from the 14th century.
Gumowski, Marian. Handbuch der polnischen Numismatik. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1960.
Polish coins from the earliest times.
Gupta, Parmeshwari Lal. Punch-Marked Coins in the Andhra Pradesh Government Museum. Andhra Pradesh Government Museum Series No. 1, Government Press, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 1961.
A description of 751 punch-marked coins from hoards found in Hyderabad. The coins are the oldest from India, emanating from the fifth to the second century B. C. The author attempts to divide the coins into sequential periods. There is a table denoting all the symbols found on the coins, as well as poor photographic plates of many of the coins.
Gupta, Parmeshwari Lal. The Amaravati Hoard of Silver Punch-Marked Coins. Andhra Pradesh Government Museum Series No. 6, Hyderabad, 1963.
Description of an immense hoard (over 7,600) Mauryan Punch-marked coins from India. Good plates and line drawings of the various symbols and combinations of symbols found on the coins.
Gupta, Parmeshwari Lal. Coins. Third Edition. National Book Trust, New Delhi, 1991.
An excellent introduction to the coinage of India from ancient to modern times. Includes much historical information, as well as a general survey of the coinage. There are 34 medium-quality photographic plates of 366 coins. Excellent bibliography.
Gupta, Parmeshwari Lal and Terry L. Hardaker. Indian Silver Punchmarked Coins: Magadha-Maurya
Karshapana Series. Indian Insititute of Research in Numismatic Studies, Maharashtra, India, 1985.
A summary of all of the types of Mauryan Punch-mark coins known at the time of writing. There are long series of line drawings of combinations of marks plus indices. Good introductory material placing the coins in an historical context. Very useful for attribution.
Gupta, Parmeshwari Lal and Sarojini Kulashreshtha. Kushana Coins and History. D. K. Printworld Ltd., New Delhi, 1994.
A history of the Kushan empire with emphasis on its coinage. It is not a catalogue, although there are good photos of several important coin types. It has a lot on chronology of rulers, circulation of coins, and what the coins tell us about the Kushans.
Gvaberidze, Ts. M. O Novom Monetnom Dvore v Severnoi Ocetii/ On a New Mint in Northern Oseti.
Numizmaticheskii Sbornik Posvyashchayetsya Pamyati D. G. Kapanadze, pp.117-125. Akademiya Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR, Tbilisi, 1977.
Description of Islamic Ilkhan coins from the Georgian mint of Karjin.
Gyselen, Rika. Arab-Sasanian Copper Coinage. Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, 2000.
An exhaustive study of Arab-Sasanian coppers. The introductory material covers the monetary prototypes, the iconography of the coins (busts, fire altar, animals, symbols), letends, dates, and various religious formulae. More than 100 types are illustrated with good line drawings and very detailed descriptions. Finally, there are many indices of legends in different scripts, collections, finds, and, at the end, photographic plates.
Haeberle, Adolf. Ulmer Muenz- und Geldgeschichte des XVI-XIX Jahrhunderts. Verlag des Museums der Stadt Ulm, 1937. (Ex Libris John S. Davenport).
The catalogue itself has 116 different coins from the modern period of Ulm. The first part of the book is a numismatic history of the time. It is written in the old Fraktur script, which can definitely cause headaches to the uninitiated.
Haeck, Aime. De Munten van de Graven van Vlaanderen. Deel 1. Numismatic Pocket No. 16, De Mey, Brussels, 1973.
Flanders (Belgium), from 964-1220.
Hahn, W. R. O. Typenkatalog der Muenzen der bayerischen Herzoege und Kurfuersten, 1506-1805. Verlag Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1971.
Bavarian coinage from Albrecht IV through Maximilian IV. Joseph.
Hahn, W. R. O. Moneta Radasponensis: Bayerns Muenzpraegung im 9., 10. und 11. Jahrhundert. Verlag Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1976.
A detailed account of early Bavarian (Regensburg) coinage, including the neighboring Nabburg, Cham, Neuburg, Salzburg, Eichstaett, Freising, Passau, and Augsburg.
Hamidi, Hakim. A Catalog of Modern Coins of Afghanistan. Ministry of Finance, Kabul, 1967.
A catalog of machine struck coins of Afghanistan, 1880 to the time of publication of the book. More historic information than in Krause. Does not have Arabic legends, but does have transliterated Arabic and translations.
Harris, Robert P. A Guidebook of Russian Coins, 1725-1972. Second Edition. Mevius & Hirschhorn Int. B. V., Amsterdam, 1974.
A catalogue of coins of Catherine I through the Soviet Union. Includes mintage figures, 1974 prices in two grades, and more extensive notes on moneyers, mints, etc. than in Krause. Considered by some to be the standard reference for all metals.
Hattori, Naoto. The Khulba. Studies on the Islamic Coinages in Central Asia. Volumes 1 - 9 (Complete), with an index in two parts. Published by the author, Kyoto, Japan, 1990-2002.
All articles were written by Mr. Hattori, with extensive documentation based on contemporary writings and correspondence with today’s scholars. Each volume is individually made by hand with original color photos of many coins. This is truly a set of journals worth having and one that should be in more libraries. Articles with an asterisk (*) are revisited in subsequent issues.
Volume 1 (April, 1990)
*Ghazna before the so-called Ghaznavids. History and coinage of the earliest Ghaznavids..
*Central Asian Dinars in Medieaval Islamic Times. Nine Great Seljuq, Qarakhanid and
Khwarizmshah dinars.
*The Dirhams of the Great Seljuq Empire. An attempt at a comprehensive listing of silver and
copper dirhams of the Great Seljuqs, with descriptions of some coins from the author’s collection.
Volume 2 (May, 1990)
*The Falus and Pashiz Hoard from Central Asian Dynasties (Mainly 4th Century A.H./ 10th
Century A.D. Description of part of a hoard (more than 529 coins) of copper fulus from Central Asia, presumably found in the Ghazna vicinity. Includes Abbasid, Samanid, early Ghaznavid, Saffarid, Muhtajid and Ma’munid. Very nicely done with coin descriptions, color photos, excellent references and maps.
Volume 3 (November, 1990)
A Short Additional Note to the Khulba (2), May, 1990. Three more fulus from the hoard.
The Small Fulus Hoard from the Early Samanids. Isma’il b. Ahmad, Nasr b. Ahmad II.
A Second Fals of Mansur b. Bilkatekin (of Ghazna). Early Ghaznavid.
A Dirham of Chagri Bak Da’ud. Great Seljuq
*A Dirham of the Ghuzz Leader in Herat around 550 A.H./ 1155-56 A.D. A dirham of Abu al- Muzaffar Bagor Quba from Herat, undated.
*The Ghurid Dirhams of Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad b. Sam from Central Asian Mint of Taliqan.
Ten Ghorid dirhams, and a good historical overview of the Ghorids in Taliqan.
Volume 4 (June, 1992)
Re-examinations of some Coins from The Khulba (1),(2),(3). Additional comments on coins in previous articles.
*A Complex Dinar of Saldjui Sandjar from Balkh. Description of a Great Seljuq dinar of Sanjar
with extremely small calligraphy.
Observations on the Bow and Arrow Device on the Tughril Bak’s Neyshabur Coins. Discussion
of a Great Seljuq dirham lacking the bow and arrow device.
*New Studies on Ghazna before the so-called Ghaznavids. History and numismatics of the early
Ghaznavid dynasty. Mansur b. Bilkatekin was a rival to Mahmud b. Sebuktekin.
Volume 5 (July, 1992)
A Falus of Ibrahim b. ‘Abd al-Ghaffar of 338 (Ghazna). A very rare Fals of the first Ghaznavid to issue coins.
*A Curious Dirham of Kabus b. Wushmagir of the Ziyarids (Die-Link Type). Obverse die of
Astarabad 389. Reverse die citing Caliph al-Ta’i, 363-381.
Mas’ud Bek al-Khwarazmi and His Coins in the Local Administration Office for Places Like
Beshbalik etc. Under Mongke Khan. An extensive treatment of the copper dirhams and history of Mas’ud.
Volume 6 (April, 1993)
Short Remarks. Qabus dirham reverse, two Great Seljuq dirhams from Balkh and Ushniya,
Khwarizmshah mint of Qal’ye Nay, Maysur b. Anis (early Ghaznavid).
Researches on Muhammad Arslan, Yusuf Arslan and Sulayman Kadir Tamghac Khakan (Three
main early Islamic coin-groups in Xinjiang). The coinage of late Qarakhanid rulers in eastern Turkestan, probably struck in Kashgar. Descriptions of crude copper coins from several large hoards. Good summary of origin and history of these rulers.
The New Caghatay Khans’ Mint, Uzdjand. Chaghatayid coins from Uzkand in Kyrgyzstan.
The Caghatay Khans’ Small Hoard from Afghanistan. Description of nine Chaghatayid coins.
Two are anonymous (Tarmashirin and Yesun Temur by date), three are Khalil Allah and four are Qazan. Mints are Tirmidh, Bukhara, Badakhshan and Samarqand. Extensive historical notes about the Chaghatayids.
Book Review - Jian Qixiang, Kara Khanid Coins from Xinjiang. Not very favorable.
Volume 7 (May, 1993)
Mas’ud Bek al-Khwarazmi and His Coins under the Kaidu Dynasty. An extensive examination of coins of the Chingizid Mas’ud al Khwarizmi and his place in history. In-depth discussion of the Kaidu dynasty (part of the Chaghatayids), their mints and monetary circulation. Notes on Chaghatayid history.
Volume 8 (October, 1993)
Short Remarks. Ghaznids, Ziyarids, Khwarizmshahs, Mas’ud al-Khwarizmi, Chaghatayid, Timurid.
The Enigmatic Samanid Fals (A Variant). Die linked to Mansur b. Nuh. Mint might be Farwan. Date off flan.
The Early Dirham from the Ghurid Talikan, dated 566 A.H. Muhammad b. Sam, Taliqan 566.
*The Khwarazm Shahs Army Knew the Site of Firuzkuh (The Secret Capital of the Ghurids).
Two dirhams of Muhammad b. Tekesh from Firuzkuh along with an extensive analysis of a proposed location for Firuzkuh in Afghanistan.
*The Swat Hoard and Who did bring Coins to Swat (from the Mongols to the Safavids).
Description of 37 coins from a hoard in northern Pakistan. Includes wide range of dynasties, including Chingizid of Mongke, Ilkhan, Sarbadar, Muzaffarid, Jalayrid, Timurid, Aq Qoyunlu, Qara Qoyunlu and Safavid. Analysis of history of the time these dynasties existed.
Volume 9 (May, 1994)
Short Remarks.
A Fals of the Audacious Fa’ik Muhammad under Samanids. Balkh 368 or 378. Al-Fa’iq
Muhammad helped put Mansur b. Nuh on the throne in AH 350.
One Comment on the Weight Standard of the Ghaznavid Coins.
The Solution to the Ghazna/Herat Problem.
A Outsize Dirham of Mahmud from Warwaliz. Multiple dirham from Warwaliz, 393 (?), issued by Mahmud (Ghaznavid).
A First Dated Dirhamof Caghri Bak from Balkh. Great Seljuq. Balkh 43x.
An End in Sight for Firuzkuh. More on the location of Firuzkuh. Khwarizmshah.
A Unique Dinar of the Independent Atsiz, the Khwarazm Shah. Atsiz was the earliest
Khwarizmshah ruler. The dirham was struck in Kharizm. A brief history of Atsiz is
included.
The Dates of Mas’ud al-Khwarizmi Coins. Chingizid
A Unfamiliar Copper Coin dated 75(2,3,4). Neat coin, maybe struck in Bust.
Some Studies on Coins of the Kaidu Dynasty. Early anonymous Chaghatayid.
Hoard Report. 1. 10th Century coppers (lists only but for fals of Ma’munid Ahmad b.
Muhammad Shah). 2. Chaghatayid (list plus description of Taimur Shah from Otrar). 3. Supplements to Swat Hoard. Qara Qoyunlu, Safavid.
Hauberg, P. Myntforhold og Udmyntninger i Danmark indtil 1146, avec un resume en francais: Histoire
monetaire du Danemark jusqu'en 1146. Copenhagen, 1900. In Danish with French summary.
The key reference on the earliest coinage of Denmark through 1146. The book includes a historical overview of the coinage of the period (in Danish and in French), lists of moneyers, mints, hoards, etc., as well as twelve plates of drawings of the various coin types. Each plated coins is fully described.
Hauberg, P. Danmarks Myntvaesen i Tidsrummet 1146-1241, avec un resume en francais: Histoire monetaire du Danemark de 1146 a 1241. Copenhagen, 1906. In Danish with French summary. Bound with Hauberg (1900).
The key reference on coinage of Denmark from 1146 to 1241. Each coin is fully described and depicted with a line drawing. There are historical overviews in both Danish and French.
[Hauberg, P.] Fortegnelse over Museumsinspektor P. Hauberg's efterladte Samling af Danske og Norske Monter. Auction Catalogue, Holger Hede, Kopenhagen, 1929.
An auction catalogue of almost 4000 lots of Danish coins from the 9th through the 19th centuries. The auction represented duplicates in Hauberg's collection. There are 13 plates of photographs. There are many varieties of the earliest coinage with different obverse and reverse legends, moneyers, etc.
Haupt, Walther. Saechsische Muenzkunde. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, (East) Berlin, 1974. One volume of text, one of plates.
Coinage of Saxony, from the 9th - 20th centuries.
Hauser, Josef. Die Muenzen und Medaillen der im Jahre 1156 gegruendeten (seit 1255) Haupt- und Residenzstadt Muenchen mit Einreihung jener Stuecke welche hieraur Bezug haben. Verlag von Josef Hauser, Muenchen, 1905.
An extensive catalogue of coins and medals of Muenchen (Munich), Bavaria. The book is in seven sections, as follows. Medals of (1) Bavarian royalty, (2) famous personages, (3) awards and medals of events, festivities, buildings, etc., (4) religious medals, including medals of churches, (5) coins, including patterns and coinage stuck during the Austrian occupation of 1705-1714, (6) medals of festivities, clubs, etc. and (7) tokens, beer tokens, bread tokens, etc. Each section is followed by several plates of photographs. 1245 pieces are fully described and, particularly for medals, annotated with historical notes regarding reason for issue. Each section has a bibliography, and there is an exhaustive detailed index.
Hazard, Harry W. The Numismatic History of Late Medieval North Africa. American Numismatic Society
Numismatic Studies No. 8, New York, 1952.
The history and coinage of several Islamic dynasties, including Zirid, Hammadid, Hammudid, Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hudid, Hafsid, Ziyanid, Marinid, Nasrid and Wattasid. The standard reference.
Hazard, Harry W. Late Medieval North Africa: Additions and Supplementary Notes. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 12, pp. 195-221, 1966.
Additions to his major corpus. Includes Islamic Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hudid, Hafsid, Ziyanid, Marinid, Nasrid and Hammudid dynasties.
Head, Barclay V. The Coinage of Lydia and Persia. Originally published 1867. Reprinted by Sanford J. Durst, Rockville Center, NY, 2000. Includes George Hill, Notes on Imperial Persian Coins.
Classic early publication on some of the earliest Greek and Persian coinage. Most is devoted to the Persian darics and sigloi with kneeling and running archers. The Lydian coinage includes that of Croesus. There is a bit of history, some coin descriptions, a few plates.
Head, Barclay V. Historia Numorum: A Manual of Greek Numismatics. New and Enlarged (Second) Edition. Originally published by Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1911. Reprinted by Spink & Son, London, 1963.
A classic treatment of ancient Greek numismatics. It contains historical and geographic overviews, descriptions of major coin types, with many photographs in text, and extensive indices, including one of legends in three languages.
Hebert, Raymond J. Notes on an Umayyad Hoard from Khurasan. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 12, pp. 157-163, 1966.
Description of a small hoard of 196 Islamic Umayyad dirhams from years 86-115/705-773, from eighteen mints.
Hebert, Raymond J. Amirs of Nimroz. NI Bulletin, Vol. 25(6), pp. 130-134, 1990.
A brief article on the Islamic Samanid dynasty, with a list of rulers and description of one coin with month and year.
Hede, Holger. Danmarks og Norges Monter. Dansk Numismatisk Forening, Copenhagen, 1971.
Coinage of Denmark and Norway from 1541. Includes Wolfenbuettel, Bremen and Verden, Lauenborg, Oldenborg, Danish West Indies, Iceland and Greenland.
Heidemann, Stefan. Das Aleppiner Kalifat (AD 1261) Vom Ende des Kalifates in Bagdad über Aleppo zu den Restaurationen in Kairo. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1994.
A fantastic hisory of the last days of the Ayyubid dynasty and the rise of the Mamluks. It is based on many sources, with numismatic sources playing an important part. Approximately one half of the book is dedicated to a chronology and numismatic typology of the principal players. It covers coinage of Cairo (Aibak, Qutuz, Baybars I), Alexandria (‘Ali, Qutuz, Baybars), Damascus (the Ayyubid al-Nasir Salah al-Din Yusuf II, Hulagu, Baybars I) Aleppo (including Lu’lu’id), Hamah, Harran, Mosul (Badr al-Din Lu’lu, with and without M?ngke, al-Salih Isma’il with Baybars), al-Bawazig, Baghdad (al-Mustasim Billah, the last Abbasid Caliph, Hulagu, M?ngke), Irbil. There are photos of the different coin types, including the only reference I have with Ilkhan coppers of Irbil. The book is very well written with an easy German style.
Heidemann, Stefan. A new Ruler of the Marwanid Emirate in 401-1010 - and Further Considerations on the Legitimizing Power or Regicide. ARAM, Volume 9-10, pp. 599-517, 1997-1998.
The description of a small hoard of Marwanid and Uqaylid dirhams. There was one coin of a previously unknown ruller, Sharwin b. Muhammad (401/ 1010-1011) who, according to contemporary sources, had taken the throne after killing the previous ruler, Mumahhid al-Daula Abu Mansur Sa’id. Sharwin had no family ties to the succession and rose to the throne only through the principle of regicide, He who kills the king becomes king. There are good photos of all of the coins and a detailed description of that of Sharwin.
Heidemann, Stefan. The Merger of Two Currency Zones in Early Islam. The Byzantine and Sasanian Impact on the Circulation in Former Byzantine Syria and Northern Mesopotamia. Iran, Volume 36, pp. 95-112, 1998.
An interesting discussion of the transition from pre-reform (Arab-Byzantine and Arab-Sasanian) coinage to the coins of the monetary reform of ‘Abd al-Malik. The author’s analysis is based on findings from several hordes.
Heidemann, Stefan. Ein Schatzfund aus dem Raqqa der Numairidenzeit, die “Siedlungsluecke” in
Nordmesopotamien und eine Werkstatt in der Grossen Moschee. Damaszener Mitteilungen, Volume 11, pp. 227-242, 1999.
A hoard of 8 Numayrid black dirhams were found in a work station of a mosque in an archaeological excavation in al-Raqqa. These were the first Numayrid coins to have been found in an archaeological setting. All eight coins are carefully and completely described, and there are very good photographic plates of all of them.
Heidemann, Stefan. Timur’s Campmint during the Siege of Damascus in 803/1401. Cahiers de Studia Iranica, Volume 21, pp. 179-206, 1999.
A discussion of the monetary and numismatic consequences of Timur’s (Timurid) siege of Damascus based on the nine known coins struck at the campmint during that time. Timur received a huge ransom, but was dissatisfied because of the debased nature of the coinage. The camp mint was responsible for refining the silver to lower its weight so it would be easier to transport. It earned money for Timur’s treasury and it served as a propaganda tool. Five of the coins known to have been struck with the Dimashq mint name are described and photographed.
Heidemann, Stefan. Die Renaissance der Staedte in Nordsyrien und Nordmesopotamien: Staedtische Entwicklung und wirtschaftliche Bedingungen in ar-Raqqa und Harran von der Zeit der beduinischen Vorherrschaft bis zu den Seldschuken. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 2002.
A wonderful history of northern Syria and northern Mesopotamia in the 5th/11th and 6th/12th centuries based on, inter alia, numismatic sources. The dynasties covered are the Numayrids, Seljuqs, Rum Seljuqs, Artuqids, ‘Uqaylids, Abbasids and Hamdanids, with the emphasis being placed on the Numayrids. The primary mints for coins in the study are Harran, ar-Raqqa and ar-Ruha. There are very good photographic plates of 69 coins. Otherwise, the book is all text. This is the only publication I know of that covers the Numayrids.
Heidemann, Stefan and Claudia Sode. Christlich-Orientalische Bleisiegel im orientalischen Muenzkabinett Jena. ARAM, Volume 11-12, pp. 553-593, 1999-2000.
Byzantine lead seals with Arabic and Syrian inscriptions. Most have busts of Christ, Mary or a saint. There is also a history of the collection including letters and drawings from the 19th century between Dr. A. D. Mordtmann and J. G. Stickel. Twenty-four seals are photographed and described.
Heiss, Aloiss. Descripcion General de las Monedas Hispano-Cristianas desde la Invasion de los Arabes, Three Volumes. Originally published in Madrid, 1865-1869. Reprinted in Zaragoza, 1962.
The old standard reference on post-Islamic Spain. The coin descriptions include full legends, and there are wonderful line drawings of the coins. A great reference that has not been replaced by more modern references like Cayon and Castan. The reprint is well done.
Heiss, Aloiss. Atlas of the Ancient Coins of Spain. Plates from Description Generale des Monnaies Antiques de l'Espagne published in Paris, 1870. Reprinted by Ares Publishers Inc., Chicago, 1976.
Sixty-eight plates of line drawings of ancient Spanish coins from B.C. 350 through Roman imperial times. There is an introduction by Barclay V. Head giving a brief overview of the coinage.
Henderson, J. R. The Coins of Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan. First published Madras, 1921. Reprint by
Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, 1989.
A catalogue of the coins of Mysore in southern India from 1761-1799. There is a decent historical introduction, followed by a catalogue of really good descriptions of the coins. The coins of Haidar Ali are arranged by type, while those of Tipu Sultan, a much more extensive series, is arranged by mint. The section on Tipu Sultan has a good introduction explaining the mints, dates, names of cyclical years, names of months, letter year, and denominations/names of coins. The photographic plates are actually quite good.
Hennequin, Gilles. Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes: Asie Pre-Mongole, Les Salguqs et leurs Successeurs. Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, 1985.
An exceptional catalogue of the Islamic coins in the Bibliotheque Nationale covering the Seljuq and post-Seljuq periods. Each of over 2000 coins is fully described and photographed, and each dynasty includes a bibliography. Dynasties covered include Great Seljuqs (also Syria, Kirman and Iraq), Burids, Zengids, Lu’lu’ids, Begteginids, Artuqids, Begtimurids, Ildegizids, Salghurids, Inalid (and other countermarked Byzantine), Shirvanshahs (Khaqanid), Sulamids, (Malik of Darband), Pishkinids, Seljuqs of Rum, Salduqids, Menkujakids, Danishmandids, Isfendiyarids, Saruhan, Menteshe, Eretnids, Qaramanids.
Hennequin, Gilles. Les Collections Monetaires: Monnaies de l’Islam et du Proche-Orient. Administration des Monnaies et Medailles, Paris, 1988.
A catalogue of museum holdings. It includes a brief historical overview of Islamic coinage with photos of coins from different periods. The listing of coins includes descriptions of legends, etc., but a lot of the catalogue is simply a list of coins with mints, dates, weight and diameter. Dynasties covered are ‘Abbasid, Ottoman, Umayyad of Spain, Almoravid, Almohade, Marinid, Alawi Sharifs, Mauritania, Algeria, Hafsid, Tunisia, Libya, Fatimid, Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Afars and Issas, Djibouti, Zanzibar, Comoros, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Crusader States, Palestine (British), Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Cyprus, Cilician Armenia, Seljuq of Rum, Turkey, Golden Horde, Giray Khans, Georgia, Shirvanshah, Zengid, Iraq, Ilkhan, Safavid, Afsharid, Zand, Qajar, Bukhara, Khiva, Khoqand, Durrani, Barakzai, Afghanistan. High point of book is its great photos.
Hennequin, Gilles. Les Collections Monetaires: Monnaies d’Asie du Sud et du Sud-Est. Direction des Monnaies et Medailles, Paris, 1991.
Catalogue includes Ghorids, Dehli Sultante, Jaunpur, Gujarat, Malwa, Mughals, independent states of India, Colonial India, Indian Princely States, Burma, Nepal, Pakistan, Ceylon, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaya, Dutch East Indies, Indonesia, Philippines. The catalogue itself is just a listing of coins with no descriptions, but there are great photos in the plates at the end. The beginning has a decent short overview of the coinage and history, and there are great maps of India from different periods of time.
Hennequin, Gilles, and Abu-l-Faraj al-’Ush. Les Monnaies de Balis. Institut Francais de Damas, Damascus, 1978.
A description of over 2,500 coins, mostly Islamic copper, found in Balis (Meskeneh), Syria. The hoard included Roman and Byzantine and the following Islamic dynasties: Arab-Byzantine, Umayyad, ‘Abbasid, Fatimid, Rum Seljuq, Artuqid, Zengid, Ayyubid, Ottoman. Legends written out where legible. Decent photographic plates of select examples.
Herinek, Ludwig. Oesterreichische Muenzpraegungen von 1657-1740. Muenzhandlung Herinek, Vienna, 1972.
Austrian coinage from Leopold I through Karl VI, the time immediately preceding Maria Theresa.
Herrli, Hans. The Coins of the Sikhs. Indian Coin Society, Nagpur, 1993.
The best work on the coins of the Sikh Empire in India and present-day Kashmir and Pakistan. There are great coin descriptions with excellent line drawings. The book is full of explanatory material making it not only a coin catalogue, but also a cultural history of the Sikhs. This should be the only book needed on the subject. Extensive bibliography.
Hessler, Gene and PCDA. Collecting U.S. Obsolete Currency. Professional Currency Dealers Association, Milwaukee, 1991.
A small booklet explaining in general terms the variety of U.S. currency issued between 1780 and the 1860's. It includes historical notes and tips on how to collect obsolete currency. Includes many photographs.
Hill, G. F. The Ancient Coinage of Southern Arabia. Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 7, pp. 57-84, 1915. Reprinted by Argonaut, Inc., Chicago, 1969.
A discussion of the earliest coinage from the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula. There are a few photographs and discussions of titles, legends, monograms, etc., found on the coins, but it is not comprehensive and does not really describe too many coins. Interesting, though, since my only other book on southern Arabia is in Russian.
Hinz, Walther. Die sp?tmittelalterlichen W?hrungen im Bereich des Persischen Golfes. Pp. .303-314, In: C. E. Bosworth (Ed.), Iran and Islam, In Memory of the Late Vladimir Minorsky. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1971.
A study of of exchange rates between Europe and Lar (capital of Larestan in South Iran), Hormuz, Dehli Sultanate and the Mughal Empire in the middle ages (1300-ca 1600). The final table has the value of a Toman in Goldmarks from 1300-1907. The really interesting part of the article is that the currency of Lar was the Larin (also known then as a t?ng?). In 1527, one larin was worth 1.67 Goldmarkds. Neat economics!
Hinz, Walther. Islamische Waehrungen des 11. Bis 19. Jahrhunderts umgerechnet in Gold. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1991.
A study of exchange rates and costs of goods through nine centuries in the Islamic world. Each part of the world is treated separately, with a sequential listing of sources and data by year. Interesting book.
Hirmer, Max. Roemische Kaisermuenzen. Insel-Verlag, Leipzig, 1941.
Plates of coins of the Roman Caesars from Augustus through Philippus II.
Hlinka, Jozef. Vyvoj Penazi a Medaili na Slovensku/History of Coins and Medals in Slovakia. Vydalo Slovenske Narodne Muzeum v Bratislave v Nakladatelstve Pravda. Bratislava, 1981. Trilingual (Czech, German, Russian, English).
A guide that accompanied an exhibit of coins, medals and banknotes of Slovakia. Includes ancient, medieval and modern. Some of the photos are fantastic.
HMZ. HMZ-Katalog, Schweiz, Liechtenstein, 15. Jahrhundert bis Gegenwart. HMZ, Hilterfingen, Switzerland, 1977.
A price catalogue of coinage of Switzerland and cantons, Liechtenstein, bishoprics, duchies, and other coin-minting entities in Switzerland from the 15th century to the present.
Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf. Catalogue of the Central Asiatic Coins, Collected by Captain A. F. De Laessoe, in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, Suppl. to Vol. IV, pp. 1-51, 1889.
Includes some ancients, Sassanian, and the Islamic Abbasids, Khwarezmshahs, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Amir of Nishapur, Lu'lu'id, Great Seljuq, Seljuq of Rum, Maliks of Sijistan (third Saffarid dynasty), Chingizids, Ilkhanids, Timurids, Shaybanids, Mangits of Bukhara, Shahs of Persia, Durrani, and some Indian dynasties. Some coins are described, others just noted as similar to those in other published collections.
Holland, Lionel. Islamic Bronze Weights from Caesarea Maritima. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 31, pp. 171- 201, 1986.
The description of a large group (more than 600 pieces) of weights from the Mediterranean shores of Israel. They were for the most part scattered field finds, not part of a hoard. They are perhaps from Fatimid times, but dating is still uncertain.
Holtz, Walter. Abkuerzungen auf Muenzen. Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1972.
An aid to coin identification. Includes variations in script found on coins, an alphabetical listing of abbreviations and their meanings, a glossary of terms, and variations on place names found on coins.
Hristovska, Katerina. A Contribution to the Fourteenth-century Venetian Imitative Coinage Found on the Territory of the Republic of Macedonia. Macedonian Numismatic Journal, No. 2, pages 139-167, 1996.
An analysis of several hoards of imitation Venetian denars of Lorenzo Tiepolo with an attempt to date and sequence them. No photos, but weights and legends of coins from several hoards.
Hua GuangPu. Zhong Guo Tong Yuan Mu Lu/ Chinese Struck Copper Coin Catalogue. Mainland China, 1992.
A catalogue of modern struck copper coins from China. Like his other catalogues, the illustrations are mediocre rubblings, but often there is enough detail to tell what is going on. It has values in Chinese Yuan. Includes Sinkiang, Tibet, etc.
Hua GuangPu. Zhong Guo Gu Qian Mu Lu/Chinese Ancient Coins Catalogue. Mainland China, 1996.
The standard catalogue of cast cash coins used in mainland China. The coins are illustrated with low-quality rubbings. Prices in Yuan. The prices are useful for determining relative rarity.
Hua GuangPu. Zhong Guo Yin Yuan Mu Lu/ Chinese Struck Silver Coins Catalogue. Mainland China, 1996.
The standard catalogue of milled silver coins used in mainland China. Includes Sinkiang and Tibet. All coins are illustrated with low-quality rubbings. Prices in Yuan.
Hua GuangPu. Ching Dai Hsien Feng Da Chien Mu Lu/ Catalogue of Ch’ing Dynasty Multiple Cash Coins of Hsien Feng. China Tribal Art Photography Publication Co., Beijing, 1998.
A price catalogue of multiple cash (in Chinese Yuan). It is illustrated with rubbings of multiple die varieties. Somewhat useful for relative rarities, but cannot compare with Ma’s comprehensive work.
Huerlimann, Hans. Zuercher Muenzgeschichte. Kommissionsverlag Berichthaus Zuerich, 1966.
A history of the coinage of Zurich, Switzerland, from earliest times through 1848.
al-Husayni, Muhammad Baqir. Analytic and Statistical Study of Islamic Titles. Sumer, Volume 27, pp. 185-231, 1971 and Volume 28, pp. 153-184, 1972. (Photocopy. In Arabic)
An analysis of names and titles found on coins primarily of the Great Seljuqs and Seljuqs of Rum. There is a listing of all of the titles, laqabs, names, etc. and the rulers who used them.
Huszar, Lajos. Muenzkatalog Ungarn von 1000 bis Heute. Ernst Battenberg Verlag, Muenchen, 1979.
The coinage of Hungary from Stephan I to modern times.
Huszar, Lajos. Az Erdelyi Fejedelemseg Penzverese/ Coinage of Transylvania. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 1995.
A hard-to-find catalogue of Transylvanian coinage from the author of the classic work on Hungarian coinage. This book is in Hungarian, but it is laid out like his book on Hungary and very easy to use. Each coin is photographed, and full legends and symbols are included in the coin description. A very nice well-produced book.
Hwa-Shia Numismatics Association. Market Prices for Ancient Chinese Coins. China, 2000.
A thin paper pamphlet with Ming and Ch’ing Dynasty coins, market prices in Yuan. Coins are illustrated with rubbings and are not too bad. Not really useful except for seeing die characteristics for Ch’ing coins to spot fakes.
Ibrahim, Tawfiq. Nuevas Monedas Almoravides de Tipo Taifas. II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab,
Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp.259-264, 1988.
New Murabitid coins with legends and good photos.
Ibrahim, Tawfiq. Adiciones al Oro del Califato Omeya de Cordoba. III. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp. 313-324, 1990.
New gold coins of the Spanish Umayyads. Full legends written out in Arabic, good photographs.
Ibrahim, Tawfiq. El dinar andalusi. Nuevas aportaciones. pp. 35-51 In: A. Canto and V. Salvatierra (Eds.), IV. Jarique de Numismatica Andalusi, Universidad de Jaen, Museo Casa de la Moneda, 2000.
The description 28 previously unpublished gold Dinars from Islamic Spain. Dynasties include Spanish Umayyads, Hammudids, Abbadids of Sevilla, Almoravids, and the Nasrids of Granada. Each coin is superbly photographed and described. A very nice work.
Ilisch, Lutz. Die Muenzpraegung der Goldenen Horde. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, No. 51, pp. 3-5, 1973. Ip numismatische Zeitung, No. 69, pp. 1-2, 1976.
A description of a copper coin from Mardin, AH 542, that is apparently the oldest known Artuqid type. It was struck in the name or Temurtash ibn al-Ghazi ibn Artuq. Legends written out completely, incomplete line drawing and a photograph.
Ilisch, Lutz. Die aelteste artuqidische Kupferpraegung. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, No. 69, pp. 1-2, 1976.
A description of a copper coin from Mardin, AH 542, that is apparently the oldest known Artuqid type. It was struck in the name or Temurtash ibn al-Ghazi ibn Artuq. Legends written out completely, incomplete line drawing and a photograph.
Ilisch, Lutz. Beitraege zur mamlukischen Numismatik II: Berichte ueber die Einfuehrung neuer Kupfermuenzen in Kairo im Jahr 759 H. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, N. 71, pp. 3-4, 1977.
An interesting report on the circumstances surrounding the minting of copper coins in Mamluk Egypt during the 8th/14th century. Prior to 759 AH there had been very little copper coinage from Cairo because of a shortage of copper for making the coins. The author reports excerpts from three contempory accounts of the striking of the copper issues of AH 759 and the increasing replacement of precious metal coinage by copper coinage through at least the end of the century.
Ilisch, Lutz. Ein neuer Teil des Fundes von Shiraz. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. 8, no. 77, pp. 9- 10, 1978.
The composition of part of a hoard of Sasanian drachms of Khusru I, Hormizd IV and Khusro II. The hoard was found in Shiraz. Approximately 20 mints from six provinces were represented.
Ilisch, Lutz. Die Muenzen der Buhti von Gazira. Muenstersche Numismatische Zeitung, Vol. 8, no. 80/81, pp. 1- 5, 1978. Photocopy.
The Islamic Bukhti Kurds. Descriptions of coins, a brief history.
Ilisch, Lutz. Die umayyadischen und 'abbasidischen Kupfermuenzen von Hims: Versuch einer Chronologie. Muenstersche Numismatische Zeitung, Volume X(3), pp. 23-30, 1980. Photocopy.
A description of fifteen known types of copper coins of Hims, Syria, struck by the Islamic Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. Includes Arab-Byzantine types. Full legends of coins and a discussion of the chronology and approximate dating.
Ilisch, Lutz. Ein Fund von Dirham des Mirdasiden Nasr und das Muenzwesen Aleppos im 2. Viertel des 11. Jahrhunderts AD. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitschrift, vol. XI()4, pp. 41-50, 1981. Photocopy.
An extensive description of a hoard of coins of the Islamic Mirdasid dynasty. It has full descriptions of the coins and photos of each.
Ilisch, Lutz. Uneditierte Silbermuenzen der Salguqen und ihrer Nachfolger aus Nordsyrien. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitschrift, vol. XII(1), 1982. pp. 10-12.
Coins of the Seljuqs of Syria (Amir of Aleppo, Amir of al-Rahba). Only five coins are described, one of which is from the Artuqids in Aleppo.
Ilisch, Lutz. Ein Mas’udi-Dirham des Sarifen-Rebellen Gammaz aus Mekka 651 H. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, vol. XII(2), pp. 15-16, 1982.
The description of an extremely rare dirham (Steve Album says maybe a half dirham) of Jammaz b. al-Hasan of the Qatadid Sharifs of Mecca. Although the family served as sharifs of Mecca for more than 700 years, this it the only coin known from them. It was struck in Mecca in AH 651.
Ilisch, Lutz. Beitraege zur mamlukischen Numismatik V: Inedta des Abbasidenkalifen al-Musta’in billah aus syrischen Muenzstaetten. Muenstersche numismatiche Zeitung, Vol. XII(4), pp. 39-41, 1982.
Three previously unpublished coins (one silver, two copper) of the Abbasid Caliph al-Musta’in billah in Syria. He was made Sultan by the Mamluks in 815/1412, but was forced to abdicate after six months. He was recognized as Sultan in Syria until AH 817. Interesting article with a great historical explanation of how an Abbasid Caliph two centuries after the fall of the Abbasid dynasty.
Ilisch, Lutz. Mayafariqin 657 H. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. XIII(3), pp. 33-34, 1983.
Two interesting dirhams struck in Mayafariqin by the Ayyubids in AH 657. This was one year after the murder of the last Abbasid Caliph by the Mongols and during the time that Mayafariqin was besieged by the Mongol armies. The coins lack the name or titles of al-Kamil, the Ayyubid ruler, and have the names of the four Rashidun in the place of the deceased Caliph.
Ilisch, Lutz. Zwei Funde osmanischer Maydins aus dem Yaman. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. XIII(4), pp. 35-37, 1983.
Two small hoards of Ottoman silver in Yemen. The first contained 49 coins of Sulayman I from Halab, Zabid, Mar’ash, and Misr. The second contained coins of Sulayman I from Halab, Dimashq, San’a and Misr; Selim II from Halab and Misr; Murad II from Halab, Dimashq and Misr; Ahmad I, ‘Uthman II, Murad IV and Ibrahim, all from Misr, and four anonymous coppers, two from Zabid (one dated AH 926 and one undated), and two others without mint or date.
Ilisch, Lutz. Geschichte der Artuqidenherrschaft von Mardin zwischen Mamluken und Mongolen, 1260-1410 AD. Ph.D. Dissertation, Westfaelischen Wilhelms-Universitaet zu Muenster. 1984.
An in-depth history of the Artuqids of Mardin. It is not a numismatic study.
Ilisch, Lutz. Muenzgeschenke und Geschenkmuenzen in der mittelalterlichen islamischen Welt. Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. XIV(2), pp. 7-12, 1984.
The first part of the publication of his Master’s thesis on Donative and/or presentation coins in the Islamic world. This part consists only of the introduction, acknowledgments, sources and bibliography.
Ilisch, Lutz. Muenzgeschenke und Geschenkmuenzen in der mittelalterlichen islamischen Welt (Fortsetzung). Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. XIV(3), pp. 15-24, 1984.
This is the second installment o the author’s Master’s thesis on Islamic Donative or Presentation coins. It is the presentation of material analyzed in subsequent installments. This installment has Abbasid types in gold and silver including nice bull and horseman types of al-Muqtadir. The coins are nicely photographed and the legends are written out in Arabic.
Ilisch, Lutz. Muenzgeschenke und Geschenkmuenzen in der mittelalterlichen islamischen Welt (Fortsetzung). Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. XIV(4), pp. 27-34, 1984.
The third installment on the series of Islamic donative and presentation coins. This one continues the presentation of material. It finishes up the Abbasid types and then covers early Iranian dynasties.
Ilisch, Lutz. Muenzgeschenke und Geschenkmuenzen in der mittelalterlichen islamischen Welt (Fortsetzung). Muenstersche numismatische Zeitung, Vol. XV(1), pp. 5-12, 1985.
The fourth installment. Finishes up Iranian dynasties (including Great Seljuq and Safavid), then briefly covers India and begins Iraq.
Ilisch, Lutz. Whole and Fragmented Dirhams in Near Eastern Hoards. In: Kenneth Jonsson and Brita Malmer, Sigtuna Papers: Proceedings of the Sigtuna Symposium on Viking-Age Coinage, Spink & Son Ltd., London, pp. 121-128, 1989.
There is a paucity of hoards in the Near East after the death of al-Rashid in AD 809. The author analyzed four hoards from after this time and discovered a substantial number of broken or fragmented coins. These coins tend to be ignored by collectors so never make it to market. The statistical comparison of hoards from this time and earlier times when fragmentation was infrequent can lead to faulty results.
Ilisch, Lutz. The dirham from Burial 16. In: Gernot Wilhelm and Carlo Zaccagnini, Tell Karrana 3, Tell Jikan, Tell Khirbet Salih, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz am Rhein, pp. 221-222, 1993.
A dirham from al-Mawsil dated AH 277 (890-891 AD) from the burial site is not only a unique previously unknown type, but also allows the dating of the burial to the last decade of the ninth Century. In addition to the Caliph and his successor, the coin has the names of Muhammad, referring to Muhammad ibn Abi-s-Saj Diwdad (Founder of the Sajid dynasty in Armenia) and the beginning of the title Dhu, referring to Ishaq ibn Kundaj, lord of Mosul, who was given the title Dhu-s-sayfayn.
Ilisch, Lutz. Sylloge Numorum Arabicorum Tuebingen. Palaestina. IVa Bilad as-Sam I. Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Tuebingen, 1993.
The first installment in publication of the Islamic collection at Tuebingen, augmented significantly by the purchase of Steve Album's collection. Includes mint towns of Jerusalem, Filastin, Bayt-Gabrin, Ar-Ramla, 'Asqalan, Gazza, Qaysariya, Ludd, Yubna, Adri'at, Baniyas, Baysan, Garas, Sarruriya, Tabariya, al-Urdunn, 'Akka, 'Amman. Includes following dynasties: Umayyad (including Arab-Byzantine), Abbasid, Ottoman, Ikhshidid, Qaramita, Fatimid, Emir of Damascus, Ayyubid, and the Crusader State of Jerusalem. Good map, full Arab incriptions, wonderful plates, and analysis of chronology of undated coppers.
Ilisch, Lutz. Islamic Numismatics. In: Cecile Morrison and Bernd Kluge, A Survey of Numismatic Research, 1990-1995, IAPN Special Publication No. 13, Berlin, pp. 719-740, 1997.
An excellent summary of numismatic research broken down by geographic area and including a bibliography of 258 references, also divided by geographic area. A good bibliographic reference for finding recent literature on Islamic and some pre-Islamic coinage.
Ilisch, Lutz. Die Tuebinger Sammlung islamischer Muenzen. In: Stefan Heidemann, Islamische Numismatik in Deutschland: Eine Bestandsaufnahme, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden, pp. 129-162, 2000.
A very nice historical narrative of the Islamic collection at Tuebingen, including a biographical sketch of Steve Album and outline of the circumstances leading up to the sale of his collection to the university. There is also an extensive bibliography of publications of Islamic numismatics in Germany going back at least 150 years. The concept of “German” seems rather broad for the bibliography, as it has Lane-Poole, Markov, and other non-German publications.
Imhoof-Blumer, F. W., and Percy Gardner. Ancient Coins Illustrating Lost Masterpieces of Greek Art. A
Numismatic Commentary on Pausanias. Argonaut, Chicago, 1964.
Ancient Greek coinage depicting works of art.
Isenbeck, Julius. Das Nassauische Muenzwesen. Wiesbaden, 1879. Reprinted by Verlag H. Dombrowski,
Muenster, 1970.
A detailed historical treatment of the coins of middle-Rhine district of Nassau, Germany, from 1124 - 1866, with a descriptive catalogue of coins and medals. Includes Nassau-Idstein, Wiesbaden and Nassau-Sonnenberg. Several plates.
Ishankhanov, Sattikhan Khabibovich. Katalog Monet Kokanda XVIII-XIX vv. Izdatelstvo “FAN” Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent, 1976.
Catalogue of the Islamic Kokand dynasty of central Asia. Legends fully written out and translated into Russia. Good photographic plates.
Ivanisevich, Vujadin. Hoard of Serbian and Venetian Coins from Usje (14th Century). Macedonian Numismatic Journal No. 2, pp. 113-138 , 1996.
A hoard of 96 Venetian and Serbian coins in the City Museum of Skopje. The author was able to elucidate more about the sequence of appearance of subtypes of the denar de cruce of Milutin. The hoard contained coins of three Venetian doges, Stefan Dragutin and Stefan Uros II Milutin. All but 13 were from the latter, which showed 15 different variations of obverse inscription. Photos of 75 of the coins.
Ivanisevich, Vujadin. Novcharstvo Sredn’ovekovne Srbiye/ Coinage of Medieval Serbia. Stubovi Kulture, Belgrade, 2001.
Analysis and catalogue of medieval coins of Serbia beginning with the reign of Stefan Radoslav (1228-1234) and ending with Lazar Brankovich (1456-1458). There are photos of coins scattered throughout the text plus several high-quality plates of coins at the end of the book. There is a long (more than 30 pages) English summary of the coinage. Coins are presented at actual size, and enlarged photos would have been an asset. They are good enough that one can use a lens to magnify them.
Ivanov, N. N. Klad Dzhuchidskikh Monet Naidennii v Krimu v 1964 Godu/ A Hoard of Jujid Coins Found in the Crimea in 1964. Published by the author, Moscow, 1996.
The decription of a hoard of more than 400 Golden Horde coins. There are line drawings of each type, die linkage studies, photographs of every coin (but not very useful in photocopy), and detailed metrological data. The coins are from Toqtamish, Beg Pulad Khan, Tash-Timur and Timur Qutlugh, mints of Qrim, Azak, Orda, Orda Jadid.
Ivanov, N. N. Monetniye Sbory v Arkheologicheskom Marshrutye Khorezmskoi Ekspeditsii 1966 Goda/ Coin Gatherings on the Archaeological Route of the Khorezm Expedition of 1966. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 24-45, 2000.
Mostly Golden Horde, but also Khwarezmshah and Timurid. Most of the Golden Horde coins were previously-known types, but where there are new types or new variants, they are fully described with line drawings. In cases where there are variants of coins previously described by Fedorov-Davidov, drawings of both types are shown.
Ives, Herbert E. Foreign Imitations of the English Noble. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 93, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1941.
A monograph on imitations of medieval English nobles in France, the Low Countries, Scotland. Nice historical text and decent plates.
Izmirlier, Yilmaz. Hamidogullari Beyligi Paralari. Published by the author, Istanbul, 1999.
An extensive catalogue of the Hamit Beylik of Turkey. Each coin has a line drawing and the legends transliterated. There are tables in the back with the Arabic words written out to correspond with the Turkish transliteration. The plates of enlarged photos are somewhat dark, but they can be made out with the aid of the line drawings. A useful addition for anyone interested in the Anatolian Beyliks.
Jabir, Ibrahim Jabir al-. Arab Islamic Coins Preserved in the National Museum of Qatar, Volume II. Publication of the Ministry of Information in Qatar, Doha, 1992.
The second volume of the Qatar Museum catalogue. Includes Tulunid, Ikhshidid, Hamdanid, Fatimid, Qaramatid, Wajihid, Governors in Oman, Burid, Ayyubid, Zangid, Rassid, Sulayhid, Zuray’id, Rasulid, Crusaders, Mamluk and Ottoman coins. Each coin is photographed, photos placed with the coin description, not in plates in the end. All legends are written out. The book is in Arabic.
Jacobs, Norman and Cornelius C. Vermeule, III. Japanese Coinage. Numismatic Review, New York, 1972.
Essentially two books in one on the coinage of Japan. Part one is a monetary history of Japan from the earliest times to the present by Vermeule. Part two ia a catalogue of the coins of Japan, Modern Korea and Manchukuo by Jacobs. There are reasonable photos, but some would make it difficult to identify the coins. There is a 1972 price guide inserted.
Jaeckel, Peter. Die Muenzpraegungen des Hauses Habsburg, 1780-1918, und der Bundesrepublik Oesterreich, 1918-1964. 2. Ergaenzte und erweiterte Auflage. Muenzen und Medaillen, Basel, 1965.
Detailed catalogue of late Habsburg and Austrian coinage. Nice photos, good introductory material. Includes mintage figures, but no values.
Jaeger, Kurt and Charles Lavanchy. Schweizerische Muenzkataloge III. Die Muenzpraegungen des Kantons Appenzell-Ausserrhoden und der "Neuen Kantone" der Schweiz von 1803. Societe suisse de numismatique, Bern, 1963. Mostly German, with some parts in French.
Coinage of cantons of Appenzell, St. Gallen, Graubuenden, Aargau, Thurgau, Tessin and Vaud (Waadt) from 1803.
Jain, Manik. Couplets on Mughal Coins of India. Philatelia, Calcutta, 1998.
A chronological listing of Arabic couplets (and other legends) on Mughal coins, with transliterations and translations into English. For most couplets, the author shows at least one coin that has the couplet. At the end of the book is a list of Mughal emperors with the mints that issued coins for them in Gold, Silver and Coppers. The book is actually useful, and at first appearance is a first-class production. It comes with gild page ends, a nice slipcase, woven bookmark and protective clear plastic dust cover. Unfortunately, the binding is so awful that it comes apart with the first use. The loose pages diminish its usefulness.
Jansen, Heinz. Das Deutsche Notgeld, 1915-1923. Buchdruckerei Erich Proeh, Berlin. Heft 1, Rheinprovinz und Provinz Westfalen, 1971. Heft 2, Pfalz, Hessen mit Hessen-Nassau, Lothringen und Elsass, 1971. Heft 3, Baden, Hohenzollern, Wuerttemberg, 1971. Heft 6, Norddeutschland - Hannover, Braunschweig, Bremen, Oldenburg, Hamburg und Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg, Pommern, 1972. Heft 7, Brandenburg, Posen, Preussen und Schlesien, 1972.
A series of booklets on Notbeld of Germany. Some photographs. Valuations in one grade. See also Mayer for another in the series.
Japanese Numismatic Dealers Association. Catalogue of Japanese Coins and Currency. Japan, 1978. (In Japanese).
A beautifully laid out annually-produced catalogue of ancient and modern coins and banknotes of Japan. Although mostly in Japanese, there is enough English to understand what is going on. Many of the photos of coins and banknotes are in color. The banknote photos are spectacular. It has many more of the so-called “Bookmark” notes than does Pick.
Japanese Numismatic Dealers Association. Catalogue of Japanese Coins and Currency. Japan, 1982. (In Japanese).
As above, but a newer edition.
Japanese Numismatic Dealers Association. Catalogue of Japanese Coins and Banknotes. Japan, 1990. (In Japanese).
As above, but a newer edition.
Jen, David. Chinese Cash: Identification and Price Guide. Krause Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 2000.
A general catalogue on Chinese coins, including some Central Asian material (Sogdian, Turgic Khaganate, etc.) and Xinjiang/Sinkiang. The organization of the book is confusing and hard to use, and it does not cover all of the types in Schjoth or Fisher’s Ding. It does reference Schjoth and FD numbers if they exist. The sections on Wu Shu, Pan Liang and other early types are decent.
Jenkinson, Charles. A Treatise on the Coins of the Realm in a Letter to the King. Effingham Wilson, Royal Exchange, London, 1805. Reprinted by Augustus M. Kelley, New York, 1965.
A dissertation on the history of English coinage, with emphasis on the reign of George III, to whom the treatise was addressed. Includes comments included in second edition, published in 1880.
Jensen, Jorgen Steen. Tusindtallets Danske Monter fra den kongelige Mont- og Medaillesamling/Danish Coins from the 11th Century in the royal Collection of Coins and Medals. Nationalmuseet/Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, 1995.
A beautiful book designed to accompany a museum exhibit commemorating 1000 years of coinage in Denmark. Not a comprehensive catalogue. Each of 57 two-page chapters has a bilingual historical or numismatic note with a facing page of high-quality enlarged color photographs of Danish coins. Also includes Anglo-Saxon and Hiberno-Norse coins. An impressive overview of 11th century Viking coinage.
Jesse, Wilhelm. Der wendische Muenzverein. Originally published in Braunschweig, 1927. Reprinted by
Klinkhardt and Biermann, Braunschweig, 1967.
Coins of cities and states of the German Hanseatic League, including a selection of types circulating prior to formation of the League. Covers coins from the 10th through the 16th centuries. 716 coins described, including Hamburg, Rostock, Wismar, Lueneburg and many others. There is a long history of the German Hansa preceding the catalogue. All coins photographed.
Jesse, Wilhelm. Muenz- und Geldgeschichte Niedersachsens. Werkstuecke aus Museum, Archiv und Bibliothek der Stadt Braunschweig, Band 15. Kommissionsverlag Wolfgang Brandes, Braunschweig, 1952.
A history of the coinage of Niedersachsen (Brunswick/Braunschweig) from Roman times through the first World War. The area includes Wolfenbuettel, Braunschweig, Hannover, Celle, Oldenburg, Bremen, Osnabrueck, Minden, Goslar, Stade and other important cities. The book includes an extensive bibliography, a list of mint towns, a fold-out map and 17 plates of coins. The book is not an exhaustive catalogue.
Jha, Amal Kumar and Sanjay Garg. A Catalogue of the Coins of Katoch Rulers of Kangra. Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies, Nashik, Maharashtra, India, 1991.
Kangra is in Himachal Pradesh on the border of Punjab. There is an extensive history of the region followed by a discussion of the coinage, which is mostly bull and horseman jitals with Samanta Deva and jitals with the horseman on the obverse and legends identifying rulers on the reverse. The catalogue contains 732 coins, ending with a few from the Delhi Sultantate. The photos of coins are mediocre at best, which is too bad given the incredible detail that the authors accomplished in describing differences in die varieties.
Jha, Amiteshwar and Dilip Rajgor. Studies in the Coinage of the Western Kshatrapas. Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies, Maharashtra, 1994.
An extensive catalogue of Western Kshatrap coinage with almost 1,100 coins described. The photos of the coins are mediocre at best, but the authors do write out the legends. It would have been nice to include some basic identification guides, like Mitchiner’s list of all names that are found on Kshatrap coinage. There is a nice section on the alphabetic variation seen on the coins. A useful book, but more useful when used in conjunction with Mitchiner.
Jiang Qi Xiang. Xinjiang Hei Han Chao Qianbi/Xinjiang Black Khans. Hong Kong?, 1990. Text in Chinese.
A treatise on the Islamic Karakhanid coins of Xinjiang (Sinkiang). There are several photographs and drawings of coins, and central (but not marginal) legends are written out in places. Not altogether useful if one doesn't read Chinese.
Jiang QiXiang and Dong Qingxuan. Xinjiang Numismatics. Xinjiang Art and Photo Press and Educational and Cultural Press, Hong Kong, 1991.
A comprehensive history of the coinage of Xinjiang/Sinkiang in Chinese Turkestan. Not a catalogue, but a richly illustrated bilingual overview of the coinage through the ages. Includes Chinese coinage that circulated in Xinjiang (Han through Ming dynasties), coinage actually struck in Xinjiang prior to the Qing/Ch'ing dynasty, the numismatics of the Qing dynasty, and the Republic of China. There are many Islamic coins, including Qarakhanid and Chaghatyid dynasties and the various rebels who minted coins with Arabic inscriptions.
Jidejian, Nina. Lebanon: Its Gods, Legends and Myths Illustrated by Coins. Bank Audi, Beirut, Lebanon, No Date (1985?) Bilingual English and French.
Phoenician, Greek, Roman Imperial and Roman coins illustrating cultural and religious history of ancient Lebanon. The author is apparently one of the foremost experts of Lebanese coinage and archaeology. Just a genuinely interesting book with great photographs of coins and other artifacts. Good maps, tables of alphabets.
Job, H. S. The Coinage of the Mahdi and the Khalifa. Sudan Notes and Records, Vol. III, No. 3, pp. 163-196, Date?
A numismatic history of Sudan from AH 1298-1316/1881-1898. It includes a list and description of all coin types from Khartoum and Omdurman, with legends written out. There is a long historical treatment prior to the list of coins.
Joseph, Paul, and Eduard Fellner. Die Muenzen von Frankfurt am Main nebst einer Muenzgeschichtlichen Einleitung. Joseph Baer & Co., Frankfurt am Main, 1896. Reproduced by Wilhelm Weihert, Darmstadt.
The coinage of Frankfurt am Main from medieval times through the 19th century.
Joseph, Paul, and Eduard Fellner. Die Muenzen von Frankfurt am Main. Supplementband I/II. Joseph Baer & Co., Frankfurt am Main, 1903, and Adolph Hess Nachfolger, Frankfurt am Main, 1920.
Supplemental volumes to the original publication. Reprinted as one volume.
Joshi, Satya Mohan. Catalogue of the Coins of Nepal. Department of Archaeology and Culture, Nepal, 1963.
A bilingual booklet listing coins from the Lichhavi Period through the Shaha period. There are no illustrations, but the legends are written out in Nepalase and in English, along with notes about the design of the coins. Not especially useful, although having the legends written out is a help.
Jovanovic, Miroslav. Novacs Uchecnika Kosovske Bitke ca Crpske Strane (The Coins of the Warriors oon the Side of Serbia in the Battle of Kosovo. Numizmaticar, Vol. 12, pp. 43-52, 1989. In Serbian, with English Summary. Photocopy.
A description of 94 later medieval Serbian coin types. Includes cross references to his major work and to Ljubic. Line drawings of each coin type.
Jovanovic, Miroslav. Srpski Srednjovekovni Novac. Published by the Author, Beograd, 1990. (Originally published in 1984).
Description of 247 coin types and 5 forgeries of medieval Serbian coins. The text includes a series of genealogies. Coin descriptions have all legends written out. Every coin type photographed at twice actual size.
Jovanovic, Miroslav. Srpski Srednjovekovni Novats. Published by the Author, Belgrade, 2001.
Although it has the same title, this book is very different from his 1984/1990 work. This work appears to have more coins, each photographed at least twice normal size, and each with the legends or abbreviations written out with weights, diameters, and cross-references to other references (including his earlier catalog and Lyubic). There is a nice section on forgeries, with the imitations photographed along side the original coins. It is a nice looking catalogue, but I am told that some of his attributions are controversial and that he has made many errors in the book. Probably best to use it with others, most of which do not have the quality of photos as in this one.
Jungk, Hermann. Die Bremischen Muenzen. Muenzen und Medaillen des Erzbisthums und der Stadt Bremen. Verlag von C. Ed. Mueller, Bremen, 1875. Reprint by Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig.
The coinage of Bremen, Germany.
Kabaklarli, Necdet. Mangir: Osmanli Imparatorlugu Bakir Paralari/ Copper Coins of the Ottoman Empire, 1299- 1808. Usaklilar Egitim ve Kultur Vakfi Yayinlari No. 1, Istanbul, 1998.
An exceptional catalogue of copper coins of the Ottoman Empire. There are beautiful line drawings of every type, and legends are transliterated into Turkish. At least one of each type is photographed on good-quality plates. There is an English introduction.
Kalgan Shih. Modern Coins of China. Sin-Hwa, Shanhai, 1946. (In Chinese).
A catalogue of milled silver coins of China, Tibet, Burma, Sinkiang/Xinjiang, Annam and Hong Kong. It is entirely in Chinese, but the photos are good and someone has written in the names of the provinces in English. There is a decent map. It includes its own numbering system for the coins.
Kalinin, V. A. Moneti Ivana III c Russko-Tatarskimi Legendami/ Coins of Ivan III with Russo-Tatar Legends. Trudi Gosudarstvenno Ordena Lenina Ermitazha XXI, Leningrad, pp. 111-116, 1981.
A discussion of coins of Ivan III, Grand Prince of Moscow, with Arabic legends. The legends are written out in the text and translated into Russian. The coins are depicted with enlarged photographs. A very useful paper for reading the legends on these Russo-Tatar “hybrids”.
Kalinin, V. A. Bukhara v 390 g.kh. po Numizmaticheskim Dannym/ Bukhara in AH 390 as determined by Numismatic Evidence. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Muzei, Moscow, pp. 61-63, 2002.
Coins of Bukhara during the transition from Samanid to Qarakhanid in AH 390. One coin cites ‘Ali b. Ma’mun (Ma’munid), another has Isma’il b. Nuh (Samanid) with the title Ilek (referring to the Qarakhanid Nasr b. ‘Ali). The article is text only, no drawings of coins, but explains the coins well with Arabic legends in the text.
Kaminski, Czeskaw. Illustrowany Katalog Monet Polskich, 1916-1977. Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicze, Warsaw, 1977. In Polish.
A nice little catalogue with line drawings of all coins. It includes Lodz Ghetto and German occupation coinage.
Kamyshev, Aleksandr Mikhailovich. Rannesrednevekovye Monetnyi Kompleks Semirech’ya/ Early Medieval Monetary Complex of Semirech’ye. Izdatel’stvo Raritet Info, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2002.
An analysis and catalogue of coins used in ancient Semirech’ye. It includes Chinese Wu Shu and Tang Dynasty coinage, coins generally classified as Sogdian, and many types unique to Semirech’ye, including the Turgesh Khaganate coinage. Line drawings of each type, legends transliterated using the standard format. In Russian with an English summary.
Kann, E. Illustrated Catalog of Chinese Coins (Gold, Silver, Nickel and Aluminum). Mint Productions, Inc., Riverdale, New York, 1966.
The standard English-language reference for modern coins of China, including Sinkiang. It have a good representation of Sinkiang coins including the early hammered ½ miscal pieces. There are more than 1200 black and white photos of coins, plus more medals and forgeries. An important book for just about everything that isn’t ancient or a square-holed cash.
Kapanadze, D. G. Gruzinskaya Numizmatika. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1955.
One of the classic Russian-language works on ancient, medieval and modern coins of Georgia. It is more of a history than a catalogue, but there are coin descriptions throughout the text. Nice photographic plates at the end.
Kapanadze, D. G. Mednaya Moneta Gruzinskovo Tsarya Davida, Syna Georgiya/ Copper coins of the Georgian Tsar David, Son of Georgii. Epigrafika Vostoka XII, pp. 39-47, 1958.
Description and analysis of six types of coins of Georgia, three silver and three copper, of David and Georgii III. Decent photos of all six coins. Arabic legends in text.
Kapanadze, D. G. Klad Monet Nachala XI v. Tbilisskovo Emira ‘Ali ibn Dzhafara. Epigrafika Vostoka XIV, pp. 71-78, 1961.
Description of a hoard of ten Georgian coins of the Ja’farid dynasty, reign of ‘Ali b. Ja’far. There are photographs of eight of the coins, and Arabic legends are written out within the text.
[Karolkiewicz, Henry V.] The Extraordinary Collection of Henry V. Karolkiewicz featuring Polish Coins from a Thousand Years. Presented by Karl Stephens. Triton IV, December 6, 2000, Classical Numismatic Group, Inc., Freeman & Sear, Numismatica Ars Classica.
A fabulous auction catalogue a collection of coins of Poland from ancient to modern times. The coins actually span more than 2000 years, as the collection begins with ancient Greek coinage. Almost every lot is photographed, many enlarged and in color. There is a nice section at the end with portraits and biographical sketches of all Polish kings.
Karishkovskii, P. O. Moneti Ol’bii/ Coins of Olbia. Akademiya Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR, Odesskii
Arkheologicheskii Muzei, Kiev, 1988.
This is not a catalogue, but rather a detailed treatment of the monetary system of ancient Olbia on the Black Sea. There are many line drawings of coins in the book, including a few pages of dolphins of several types. There are better-than-usual photographic plates, as well as several pages showing inscriptions and monograms found on coins. A nice little book.
Karlov, Yevgenii. Pro Datuvannya Monet Musul’mans’kikh Krain. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1998(1), pp. 27-31. (In Ukrainian)
A nice article on reading dates on Islamic coins and converting Hijri dates to European dates. There are some nice line drawings of coins, including Central Asian coppers, and several tables illustrating Arabic numerals, numbers as words (Kufic and otherwise), names of the months, etc.
Karras, Ruth Mazo. Early Twelfth-Century Bohemian Coinage in Light of a Hoard of Vladislav I. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 30, pp. 179-210, 1985.
Statistical anaylsis of a large hoard (more than 250 coins) of Vladislav I. Includes die analyses and chronology of types.
Karst, J. Precis de Numismatique Georgienne. Faculte des Lettres de l’Universite de Strasbourg, Paris, 1938.
A very nice and apparently scarce monograph on coins of Georgia, ancient through modern. There is an extensive section on metrology, a summary of numismatic history, and excellent descriptions of coins with very clear plates.
Kassis, Hanna. Notas Historicas sobre las Monedas de los Almoravides. I. Jarique de Estudios Numismaticos Hispano-Arabes, Institucion Fernando el Catolico, Zaragoza, pp. 55-66, 1988.
Historical essay on the coins of the Murabitids. Some legend are written in transliterated Arabic. Most coins are just cited as being found in other publications. No illustrations.
Kassis, Hanna. Les Taifas Almoravides. II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 51-91, 1988. (In French)
A history of the Murbatids with a catalogue of their coins. It appears to be an attempt at a corpus, with a list of all year and mint combinations. There are plates at the end with all know legends from Murabitid coins.
Katz, Viktor. A Thousand Years of Bohemian Coinage (929-1929). Original published by Czechoslovak
Numismatical Society, Prague, 1929. Reprinted by Sanford J. Durst, New York, 1980.
A small booklet on the history of coinage of Bohemia, a part of Czeckoslovakia. There are photos of 86 coins. A good introduction, but useless for identification.
Katzer, Friedrich I. Die Sammlung anhaltischer Muenzen und Medaillen im Museum des Kreises Bernburg. Ein Beitrag zur Muenz- und Geldgeschichte Anhalts. Published by the Museum im Schloss Bernburg, 1966.
A history of the coinage of Anhalt, Germany, centered around a museum collection. Fourteen plates. A fairly detailed description of the various periods of coinage.
Kazamanova, Ludmila Nikolaevna. Vvedeniye v Antichnuyu Numizmatiku/ Introduction to Ancient
Numismatics. Izdatel’stvo Moskovskovo Yniversiteta, Moscow, 1969.
A nice introduction to Ancient Coinage focusing on the area around the Black Sea. There are brief historical and numismatic discussions for each period and more than 60 plates illustrating the different types of coins from the area. Several hundred coins are photographed. High points of the coins covered include several imitations of Roman and Greek coins that appear not to be published in English-language literature, and a lengthy section on Cimmerian Bosporus. There are several lists of abbreviations, legends, alphabets, and rulers in tables before the plates.
Kazan, William. The Coinage of Islam: Collection of William Kazan. Bank of Beirut SAL, Beirut, 1983/1404.
Perhaps the most droolworthy coin publication I have ever seen. It contains color photos of 1182 gold Islamic coins. There is a brief historical summary of each dynasty, and the legends of the coins are written out next to the coins. The book is bilingual (English and Arabic). A super book.
Kellner, Hans-Joerg. Bayerische Muenzkataloge. Band 1. Die Muenzen der Freien Teichsstadt Nuernberg. Hugo Geiger, Gruenwald bei Muenchen, 1957.
Germany, Bavaria, Nuernberg. Coinage from 1429 through the earl 19th century. Includes valuations from 1965.
Kellner, Hans-Joerg. Bayerische Muenzkataloge. Band 2. Die Muenzen der niederbayerischen Muenzstaetten. Hugo Geiger, Gruenwald bei Muenchen, 1958.
Germany, Bavaria, Niederbayern. Includes Landshut, Straubing, Braunau, Passau, Neuburg am Inn, Sinzendorf, Sprinzenstein. 12th through 18th centuries.
Kennepohl, Karl. Die Muenzen von Osnabrueck. Numismatischer Verlag H. Dombrowski, Muenster-
Angelmodde, 1967.
Coinage of the bishopric and city of Osnabrueck and of the city of Wiedenbrueck. 11th through 19th centuries. Member of Hanseatic League, absorbed by Hannover in 1803.
Khabibullaev, Akram and David Spencer Smith. Paper Money of the Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkistan. II. Issues of Khotan. International Banknote Society Journal Volume 37(3), pp. 23-26, 1998. (Photocopy. Filed under second author, David Spencer Smith) .
History and banknotes of Khotan, Sinkiang/Xinjiang in the 1930s when it was part of the Turk-Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkistan.
Khan, Muhammed Abdul Wali. Qutub Shahi Coins in the Andhra Pradesh Government Museum. Andhra Pradesh Government Museum Series No. 3. Government of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad-Deccan, 1961.
Coins of the Islamic Golkonda sultanate (1489-1687). The catalogue is a description of copper coins of the dynasty. Legends are written out in Arabic and transliterated into English. Photographic plates are of better than average Indian quality.
Khan, Sohail A. Ancient, Medieval & Recent History and Coins of Pakistan. Leo Books, Islamabad, Pakistan, 1998.
This is a nice overview of the numismatic history of Pakistan, not a catalogue. The author is chairman of the Pakistan Numismatic Society. The book begins with the Achaemenid Persians, goes through Baktrians and Indo-Greeks, Sasanians, Hephthalites and Hindu Shahis. Islamic dynasties include Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Sultans of Delhi, Mughals, Durrani and Barakzai. The Sikhs are the last covered before a very nice chronological summary of dynasties, kings and rulers of what is now Pakistan. There are foldout chronologies, nice line drawings and good maps. Neat book.
Khodzhaniyazov, T. Klad Zolotykh Monet XII v. iz Kunya-Urgenchskovo Raiona Turkmenskoi CCP/ A Hoard of Gold Coins of the 12th Century from Kunya-Urgenchska in the Turkmenistan SSR. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XX, pp. 90-94, 1971.
A small hoard of gold dinars of the Great Seljuq Sanjar from Nishapur and the Khwarizmshahs Atsiz (one with Sanjar, others with Ghiyas al-Din Mas’ud), Taj al-Din al-Arslan and ‘Ala al-Din Takish. The coins are fully described with Arabic legends written out and photographed. A rare opportunity to see coins of the first three Khwarizmshahs.
Khodzhaniyazov, T. K Boprocy o Nachalye Monetnovo Chekana v Gosudarstvye Vyelikikh Syeldzhukov/On the Question of Source of Coins Struck by the Great Seljuqs. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. X, pp. 155-159, 1972.
Coins of the Great Seljuqs, with some coin legends and a table of titles, dates and mints.
Khodzhaniyazov, T. Katalog Monyet Gosudarstva Vyelikikh Syeldzhukov. (Catalog of Coins of the Great Seljuqs). Published by the Academy of Science of Turkmenistan, Ashkhabad, 1979.
The Islamic Great Seljuq dynasty and many of their vassals. Includes the Seljuqs of western Iran/Iraq, Khwarizmshahs, Ildegizid, Qarakhanids, and coins of many governors and atabegs. Full descriptions of coins, full legends written out, index of mints, chronological listing of known coins by issuers and mints, no plates or illustrations.
Khodzhaniyazov, Tirkish and Luke Treadwell. The Marv Hoard of Early Islamic Dirhams. Iran, Volume XXXVI, pp. 85-94, 1998.
Description of a hoard of Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid Revolutionary, and Abbasid dirhams found in Marw. It is the only published eastern Iranian hoard from the time of al-Ma’mun’s residence in Khurasan. There were twenty Umayyad mints and 26 Abbasid mints in the hoard.
Khromov, Konstantin. Neskol’ko Neopisannykh Monet Dinastii Gireev/ Some Unpublished Coins of the Giray Khans. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1997(2), p. 21.
A copper coin of Nur Dawlat Giray and a silver akche of Dawlat Giray b. Selim.
Khromov, Konstantin. Medniye Monety Khodzhi-Girey/ Copper Coins of Hajji Giray. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1997(3), p. 25.
Two copper coins of Hajji Girey from Qirik Qer (sic?) dated AH 857.
Khromov, Konstantin. ‘Novyi Gorod’ (Yangi-Shekhr = Shekhr al-Dzhedid). Numizmatika i Faleristika 1997(4), pp. 19-21.
Golden Horde dirhams. One is from ‘Abd Allah, al-Mahrusa Yangi-Shahr, AH 765, and one is Toqtamish, Shahr al Mahrusa, with only the numeral 9 as a date. There are also several anonymous coppers, some dated from Jani Beg’s reign.
Khromov, Konstantin. From the History of Money Circulation on the Territory of Present Ukraine. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1998(1), pp. 14-17. Bilingual (English and Ukrainian)
A nice overview of the coins used in present-day Ukraine over the centuries. It includes Greek, Pantikapaion, Roman, Byzantine, Sasanian, Kievian Rus, British (!), Polish, Russian, and Genoese-Tatar coins.
Khromov, Konstantin. Noviye Nakhodki Monet s Nadchekankami Goroda Madzhar/ New Finds of Coins with Countermarks of the Mint Majar. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1998(2), p.47.
Copper coins of the Golden Horde countermarked with the mint town Majar.
Khromov, Konstantin. Neskol’ko Zametok po Zolotoordynskoi Numizmatike Kryma/ Some Notes on the
Numismatics of the Golden Horde in Qrim. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1999(3), p. 20-23.
Actually three separate notes within one article. The first covers new finds from the reign of Tole-Buqa and has line drawings and photos of three silver dirhams and four coppers from the reign, Qrim mint. The second described two coin weights of the Golden Horde from Old Qrim. The last concerns a copper pul of Qrim with the apparent date AH 686, but which the author concludes is actually dated AH 684.
Khromov, Konstantin. Zametki po Zolotoordynskoi Numizmatike Kryma. Monety Solkhata/ Notes on the Numismatics of the Golden Horde in Qrim. Coins of Solkhat. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1999(4), p. 31-32, 1999
Six types of copper puls of the Golden Horde from the Solkhat mint. There are line drawings and photos of the coins, all of which have sunfaces and an interesting tamga. Solkhat is apparently a synonym for Qrim.
Khromov, Konstantin. Zametki po Zolotoordynskoi Numizmatike Kryma: Ob Ytochnenii Datirovke Krymskovo Dirkhema Tokty 704 g.kh. (Ok.1304 g.)/ Notes on the Numismatics of the Golden Horde in Qrim: On Better Establishing the Date of a Qrim Dirham of Toqtu from AH 704 (ca. 1304). Numizmatika i Faleristika 2000(1), p. 44-45, 2000
He shows dirhams of Toqtu from the Qrim mint dated AH 694, 696, and three from 704, the latter all with retrograde dates.
Khromov, Konstantin. O Pravlenii Dzhuchidskikh Khanov v Krymu v 1419-1422 gg. po numizmaticheskim dannym/ On the administration of the Jujid Khans in Qrim from 1419-1422 from numismatic data. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Muzei, Moscow, pp. 92-94, 2002.
Description of a hoard of about 600 coins of the Golden Horde. There were 50 coins in the name of Dervish Khan (Qrim, seven dated 822, the remainder without date), 200 coins of Beg Sufi (Qrim, dated 822, 823, 824 and without date), 70 coins of Dawlat Birdi (Qrim, 824 and 825, Kaffa al-Jadid without dates). There were coins dated 822 with the names of both Beg Sufi and Dervish Khan, coins of Dawlat Birdi overstruck on coins of Qrim 825, and other interesting overstrikes. The article has no drawings or coin descriptions, but rather reconstructs the sequence of rulers in Qrim and Kaffa from the numismatic data.
Khromov, Konstantin and V. N. Nastich. Dva Redkikh Tipa Serebryanykh Monet Kryma Zolotoordynskovo Perioda/ Two Rare Types of Silver Coins of Qrim from the time of the Golden Horde. Odinnadtsataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Sankt Petersburg, 14-18 Aprelya 2003, pp. 77-79, 2003.
Two examples of fractional yarmaks from Qrim, anonymous and undated, and a yarmak of Timur-Buqa from Qrim with no date. It has the denomination Yarmak on the coin. All three coins are photographed, legends written out in transliterated Arabic.
Khudyakov, G. A. Novye Dannye o Monetnom Chekane Rannikh Samanidov/ New Information on Coins Struck by the Early Samanids. In: E. V. Rtveladze (editor), Numizmatika Tsentral’noi Azii V, Tashkent, pp. 56-62, 2001.
Copper coins of the earliest Samanids, Ahmad b. Asad, Nuh b. Asad, Yahya b. Asad, Yahya b. Asad with Tahir b. ‘Abdallah. Legends written out, coins photographed.
Khukharev, V. V. Dengi Novovo Torga v XV v/ Dengas of New Torg from the 15th Century. Pp. 126-129, Devyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh, Sankt-Petersburg, 2001.
New Torg, or Torzhok, was a medieval town in Novgorod. The article describes a small group of silver coins from there with the name of New Torg on the reverse legend. There are line drawings of four variants.
Kiezebrink, H. R. De Munten van Overijssel (1578-1796). Numismatic Pocket No. 13. De Mey, Brussels, 1971.
Coinage of Overijssel, Netherlands.
Kilar, Rifat. Türk Nümismati?inde Jetonlar/ Turkish Jetons. Burak Nümismatik Yayinlari No. 1, Istanbul, 1989.
A great little catalogue of tokens of Turkey, including the latter part of the Ottoman Empire. Includes transportation, service, communication and other tokens. There are line drawings and rarity ratings for each type. Although in Turkish, the book has an English introduction and is very easy to use.
Kim Il Sik. (Korean Coins and Banknotes Catalogue. Korea, 1978. In Korean.
Comprehensive catalogue of ancient and modern coins and banknotes of Korea. The rubbings or photos of the square holed cash are good enough to find different types, and the valuations give a hint as to relative rarity. There is no English at all, so little help for anything but finding a match to a picture unless one reads Korean.
King, L. White. History and Coinage of the Barakzai Dynasty of Afghanistan. Numismatic Chronicle, 3rd Series, Volume XVI, pp. 277-344, 1895. Photocopy.
A history of the Islamic Barakzai dynasty of Afghanistan (1824-1901) and a catalogue of the known coin types with legends and some translations (but no transliterations). Much more informative than Krause.
King-on Mao. History of the Sinkiang Province Provincial Bank. Numismatic World Bimonthly, Taiwan,
January 15, 1978. Photocopy.
A history of the provincial bank, which issued both coins and banknotes. Some banknotes are illustrated.
Kirchheimer, Franz. Die Bergbaugepraege aus Baden-Wuerttemberg. Kricheldorf Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1967.
Coins, medals, jetons struck for, by and about mines. Germany, Baden-Wuerttemberg. Nicely produced, great photos, not of great use.
Kirschner, Bruno. Deutsche Spottmedaillen auf Juden. Ernst Battenberg, Muenchen, 1968.
Medallic representations of caricatures of Jews from the 16th century through the Third Reich.
Klashtornyi, S. G. (Editor). Tyurkologicheskii Sbornik 2001: Zolotaya Orda i ee Naslediye/ The Golden Horde and its Heritage. Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Sankt-Petersburgskii Filial Instituta Bostokovedeniya, Izdatel’skaya Firma Vostochnaya Literatura RAN, Moscow, 2002.
A history of the Golden Horde, with the following chapters (not complete)
T. I. Sultanov: The Family of Shiban, son of Jochi: The place of the dynasty in Eurasian History.
J. E. Boyle. Posthumous titles of Batu Khan
I. V. Zaitsev. The Formation of the Khans of Astrakhan.
D. M. Iskhakov. On the genealogy of the khans of the Ulus Muhammad (Khans of Kazan)
M. A. Usmanov. On some peculiarities of the early stages in the ethnic history of the Jujids.
Gorskii, A. A. Noghai and Rus’.
Klat, Michel G. Catalogue of the Post-Reform Dirhams of the Umayyad Dynasty. Spink & Sons Ltd., London, 2002.
A beautifully done corpus of over 725 Umayyad dirhams arranged by mint and date. Every mint and date combination known to the author is described and nicely photographed. The introduction includes a list of all of the known mints with their location, and there is a final table or dirhams arranged by year.
Klawans, Zander H. An Outline of Ancient Greek Coins, 2nd Edition. Whitman Publishing Co.,
Racine,Wisconsin, 1964.
An introduction to identification. It includes maps, denominations, how to read and date the coins, an alphabetic guide to symbols and city names (each accompanied by a photo), an alphabetic guide to persons and things seen on coins (with photos), Greek kings and petty rulers (with photos). Useful for a novice like me.
Kleshchinov, V. N. and I. V. Grishin. Opredelitel’ Litsevikh Storon Provolochnikh Kopeek Tsarya Petra
Alekseevicha/Determinant of the obverses of Wire Money of Tsar Peter Alexeyevich. Izdatel’stvo Irius, Moscow, 1992.
A small guide to identification of the wire kopeks of Czar Peter I (the Great). Although the title would indicate otherwise, it includes descriptions of reverses, too.
Kleshchinov, V. N. and I. V. Grishin. Reconstruction and Classification of the Wire Kopecks of the Joint Reign of Ivan & Peter Alexievich (1682-1696). Journal of the Russian Numismatic Society, Number 54, pp. 55-62, 1994. Photocopy.
An important contribution covering the wire kopeks of the joint reign of Ivan and Peter (The Great) Alexievich with die linkage charts. These coins seem to be omitted from most treatments of Russian wire coinage.
Kleshchinov, V. N. and I. V. Grishin. Rekonstruktsiya i Klassifikatsiya Shtempelei Provolochnikh Kopeek
Sovmestnovo Pravleniya Tsarei Ivana i Petra Alekseevichei (1682-1696 gg)/ Reconstruction and Classification of the Wire Kopecks of the Joint Reign of Ivan and Peter Alexievich (1682-1696). Mezhdunarodnii Numizmaticheskii Al’manakh, Moneta, No. 2, Vologda, pp. 24-31, 1995.
Die varieties and combinations for Russian wire kopeks struck during the reign of Ivan and Peter Alexievich (1682-1696). Line drawings of each die variety.
Kleshchinov, V. N. and I. V. Grishin. Katalog Russkikh Srednevekovikh Monet s Pravleniya Tsarya Ivana IV Vasil’yevitsa do shvedskoi okkupatsii Novgoroda (1533-1617 gg). Izdatel’stvo URSS, Moscow, 1998.
Drawings of wire kopeks from Russia from Ivan IV (The Terrible) through the Swedish occupation of Novgorod (1617). Each Chapter has an English summary, and there is a table of concordances with Melnikova. Great book for attributing the wire money of this period. Dedicated to me by both authors!
Klochkov, K. V. Neizdanniye Russkiye Moneti XVI-XVII vv./ Unpublished Russian Coins from the 16th - 17th Centuries. Trudi Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya, Moveishiye Issledovaniya v Oblasti Numizmatiki, Part XIII, Moscow, pp. 84-94, 1998.
Previously unknown Russian wire kopeks from Ivan IV through Alexei Mikhailovich. Most are from Pskov, with a few from Moscow. There are also some counterfeits. Each coin is photographed with a line drawing alongside the photo.
Klokov, V. B. and V. P. Lebedev. Zagadki Novosaraiskovo Chekana Mednikh Monet v Zolotoi Orde/ The Enigma of Copper Coins of the Golden Horde struck in Saray al-Jadida. Sed’maya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Moscow, pp. 64-67, 1999.
A discussion of copper puls of the Golden Horde from AH 752 struck in Saray al-Jadida. There is a page of line drawings showing die linkages.
Klokov, V. B. and V. P. Lebedev. Monetnoye Obrashcheniye Zolotoordynskovo Goroda Bel’dzhamen/ Coin Circulation in the Golden Horde Town of Beljamen. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 56-147, 2000.
The authors analyzed 51 silver dirhams and 1311 copper puls of the Golden Horde. There were 93 types and 66 variants of copper puls, of which 20 types and 40 variants had not been published previously. All are illustrated with great line drawings, and the text descriptions sometimes include Arabic legends. An important work for Golden Horde copper, one that I use often in attributing unsorted lots.
Kluge, Bernd. Deutsche Muenzgeschichte von der spaeten Karolingerzeit bis zum Ende der Salier (ca. 900 bis 1125). Monograph 29 of the Roemisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Forschungsinstitut fuer Vor- und Fruehgeschichte. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen, 1991.
A history of the early coinage of Germany from the late Carolingian times to the end of the Saliers (Franks). The book accompanied a museum exhibit. There is a detailed monetary and economic history of Germany during the time, several maps of mint towns, photographs (enlarged) and complete descriptions of 528 coins, summaries of the types of designs found on coins throughout Germany, and an index of mint towns which refers to coins illustrated in the book. The descriptions include parts of France, Switzerland and the Low Countries. A beautiful book!
Klyashtornyi, S. G. Iz Istorii Bor’by Narodov Srednei Azii Protiv Arabov (po Rynicheskim Tekstam)/ On the History of the Struggle of Central Asian Towns Against the Arabs (as revealed in Runic Texts). Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume IX, pp. 52-64, 1954.
An interesting history of Central Asia (Turgic Khaganate, Sogd, Fergana, al-Shash, Samarqand, Khwarizm, Semirech’nye) as told from contemporary sources. It covers the years 710-714 AD and describes a coalition formed by the Turgic Khaganate (in Semirech’nye), Fergana, al-Shash and Sogd against the Arabs. A breakdown in this coalition from traditional squabbles among the towns played a significant role in the ascension of the Samanid dynasty.
Kneedler, W. Harding. The Coins of North Siam. Journal of the Siam Society, Vol XXIX, pp. 1-11, 1937.
Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
A nice article on primitive money of Thailand, including flower money, tiger tongues, toks, pig-mouth money, C’ieng money, fish money, bullets, and other weird things. There are several mediocre photographs.
Koch, Bernhard, Helmut Ertl, Helmut Jungwirth and Karl Schulz. Die Wiener Muenze: Eine Geschichte der Muenzstaette Wien. Oesterreichische Numismatische Gesellschaft, Wien, 1989.
A history of the mint at Wien/Vienna, Austria. The book is dedicated to 150 years of the mint's occupation of the its present location. There is one chapter that covers the entire history of coinage in Vienna from Celts to the present, and another that gives a short history of all mints in Austria through the middle ages. Book is nicely done with excellent photographs. Not a comprehensive catalogue.
Koch, Heidemarie. A Hoard of Coins from Eastern Parthia. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 165, The American Numismatic Society, New York, 1990.
The description of a hoard of copper coins from late Parthian times and Indo-Parthians in Khoresm, especially Abarshahr (Nishapur) and Margiana (Marw). Especially important for the coins of Sanabar II and his successor(s). There is a lengthy discussion of the groupings, dates of issue, etc. Each coin is photographed.
Kochnev, B. D. Novye Numizmaticheskiye Dannye po Istorii Karakhanidov Vtoroi Polovina XII-Nachala XIII v.
Pp 75-103 In: E. A. Davidovich (ed.) Kirgiziya pri Karakhanidakh, Akademiya Nauk Kirgizskoi SSR, Institut Istorii, Frundze, 1983.
One of Kochnev’s early works on Qarakhanid numismatics. Some coin descriptions, photos of three coins.
Kochnev, B. D. Moneti Kharashketa (Kharachketa)/ Coins of Kharashket (Kharachket). Obshchestvenniye Nauki v Uzbekistane, Vol. 6, pp. 48-51, 1988.
A description of two very rare Qarakhanid fulus of the Kharachket mint in the Shash province. One is dated AH 405 and is in the name of Ahmad bin ‘Ali. The other is dated AH 420 and is anonymous.
Kochnev, B. D. Togryl-Khan i Togryl-Tegin. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXIV, pp. 57-67, 1988.
Description of 15 coin from Benaket, Gannaj, Taraz, Tunket, Chinanchiket, Shash, Marginan from the Qarakhanids, Eastern branch. Tughril Khan Yusuf was ruler of the eastern Khanate. The Tashkent Oasis was under the rule of his son Tughril-tekin Umar, who transferred Gannadj, Chinanchiket, Benaket and Tunket to his vassals. When Tughril Khan died, his son Tughril Tekin became supreme ruler with the title Qarakhan. Coins fully described with Arabic legends.
Kochnev, B. D. Klad Monet Bukharkhudarskovo Tipa iz Miankalya. pp. 49-78 In: Rtveladze (Ed.) Numizmatika Uzbekistana, Akademiya Nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent, 1990, pp. 49-78.
Description of a small hoard of Arab-Bukharan coinage. Includes the Arabic legends on each coin type and a metrological analysis.
Kochnev, B. D. Karakhanidskiye Moneti: Istochnikovedcheskoye i Istoricheskoye Issledovaniye/ Qarakhanid Coins: Investigations of Sources and History. Autoreferat, Moscow, 1993.
A summary of Kochnev’s doctoral dissertation on Qarakhanid coinage. There are not illustrations or coin descriptions. The work was eventually summarized in his later publications on Qarakhanid legends and titles.
Kochnev, B. D. Svod Nadpisei na Karakhanidskikh Monetakh: Antroponimi Titulatura (Chast I)/A Corpus of Inscriptions on the Qarakhanid Coins: Anthroponymes and Titles(Part I). Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol 4, pp. 201-279, 1995.
A tabular listing of all the titles and legends on early Qarakhanid coins arranged by date and mint.
Kochnev, B. D. Rannesamanidskiye Udel’niye Fel’sy Fergany/ Early locally-minted Samanid Fulus from Ferghana. In: Monety i Medali,Sbornik Statei po Materialam Kollektsii Otdela Numizmatiki, pp. 180-191, Gosudarstvennii Muzei Izobrazitel’nikh Iskusstv im. A. S. Pushkina, Moscow, 1996.
Fulus from Akhsikat, AH 250-303,and from Khodjend, AH 279, the latter in the name of Nuh bin Asad.
Kochnev, B. D. Svod Nadpisei na Karakhanidskikh Monetakh: Antroponimi Titulatura (Chast 2)/A Corpus of Inscriptions on the Qarakhanid Coins: Anthroponymes and Titles(Part 2). Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp. 245-314, 1997.
The completion of his tabular listing of titles and legends on Qarakhanid coins.
Kochnev, B. D. Nachal’nii Etap Sel’dzhukidskoi Chekanki/ The First Stage of Seljuq Coinage. Mezhdunarodnii Numizmaticheskii Al’manakh, Monta No. 5, Vologda, pp. 5-15, 1998.
Fulus from the Kirmine region dated AH 415 and 419 are in the name of Muizz ad-Daula Yabgu Musa bin Seljuk. This part of the Zarafshan valley was granted to him by the Qarakhanid ‘Ali bin Hasan. Musa was allowed to mint coins in his own name without citing ‘Ali as overlord. There are no illustrations of the coins.
Kochnev, B. D. Partiya Monet iz Klada, Soderzhashchevo Dirkhemy Saganiana XI Veka/ A Group of Coins from a Hoard Containing 11th Century Dirhams of Saghaniyan. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 229-244, 2000.
The coins are Muhtajid(?) of Abu’l-Qasim, Qarakhanid of Tafghaj Khan Ibrahim b. Nasr, Ghaznavid of Mawdud b. Masud (Termez mint), Great Seljuq of Chagri Beg Daud, and several that could not be identified to dynasty, mint or date. Legends written out in Arabic as far as possible. No drawings or photos.
Kochnev, B. D. Konechnyi Etap Numizmaticheskoi Istorii Karkhanida Mukhammada b. Nasra/ The Final Stage of the Numismatic History of the Qarakhanid Muhammad b. Nasr. In: E. V. Rtveladze (editor), Numizmatika Tsentral’noi Azii V, Tashkent, pp. 63-75, 2001.
Description of two dirhams from Quz-Ordu, dated AH 453, allowing the author to verify the date of death of Muhammad b. Nasr through numismatic evidence. No Arabic legends written out and no illustrations or photos.
Kochnev, B. D. Monety Musy Iabgu, Syna Sel’dzhuka (O Rannikh Etapakh Sel’dzhukidskovo Chekana)/ Coins of Musa Yabghu, Son of Seljuk (On the Early Stages of Seljuq Coins). Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXVI, pp. 34-51, 2001.
Coins illustrating the relationship of the Qarakhanid Mu’izz al-Daula (‘Ali b. al-Hasan) in Kermine and the early Great Seljuq Musa Yabghu b. Seljuq in Kermine and Herat. The Great Seljuqs lost their rights in Kermine in 1029 AD. From 1024 - 1028, Musa Yabghu issued coins without the name of his Qarakhanid overlord.
Kochnev, B. D. and M. N. Fedorov. Dva Klada Karakhanidskikh Dirkhemov Syeredini XI V. iz Kirgizii/Two hoards of Qarakhanid Dirhams of the middle of the 11th Century from Kirghizia. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. XI, pp. 179-195, 1974.
Detailed descriptions of two large hoards of Islamic Qarakhanid coins with many legends written out.
Koelnisches Stadtmuseum. Koelner Geld aus der Sammlung Dr. Lueckger und dem Muenzkabinett des
Koelnischen Stadtmuseums. Koeln, 1970.
A booklet prepared to accompany an exhibit of coins used in Koeln (Cologne). There are very few illustrations or photos, but several hundred coin descriptions. It appears to be of limited use for coin attribution, but there is a decent historical introduction and a reasonable bibliography.
Koifman, A. A. and V. P. Lebedev. Klad Serebryanykh Sel’dzhukskikh Dinarov i ikh Fragmentov Serediny XII v/ A hoard of silver Seljuq Dinars and their Fragments from the middle of the 12th century. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Muzei, Moscow, pp. 72-75, 2002.
Description of a hoard of approximately 600 Great Seljuq silver dinars, of which 71 percent were fragments. They spanned five reigns and were from six identifiable mints. Most of the coins were of types already known, but a few were new. There are reconstructed drawings of eight of the types.
Kolbas, Judith. Mamluk Bronze Weights: An Extinct Species? ANS Museum Notes, Volume 31, pp. 203-206, 1986.
Shows that the only known Mamluk bronze weight is a forgery.
Kolbas, Judith Grace. Mongol Money: The Role of Tabriz from Chingiz Khan to Uljaytu, 616-709 AH / 1220- 1309 AD. Ph.D. Dissertation, New York University, 1992.
A lengthy (more than 600 pages) doctoral dissertation on the theory, structure and techniques of monetary policy in the southwestern portion of the Mongol empire from Chingiz Khan to the mid reign of Uljaytu (Ilkhan). The thesis also explores social and political structure, administrative languages and cultural symbols. Most of the direct work on coins in metrological, not descriptive, although there are descriptions and photos of several coin types as an appendix.
Kolesnikov, A. I. Denezhnoye Khozaistvo v Iranye v VII Veke. Izdatelskaya Firma Vostochnaya Literatura
Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Moscow, 1998.
An in-depth analysis of Sasanian and Arab-Sasanian coins from Iran in the seventh century, with illustrations from the collection of the Ermitage Museum collection. There are good plates of photographs of coins and much descriptive material in the text. It is less of a catalogue for identification than it is an analysis of the coins. It is mostly text.
Kolyzin, A. M. O Monetnom Chekane v Posledniye Godi Khyazheniya Dmitriya Donskovo/ On Coins Struck in the Last Years of Prince Dmitri Donskoi. Moskovskoye Numizmaticheskoye Obshchestvo, Numizmaticheskii Sbornik No. 2, Moscow, pp. 21-32, 1992.
An analysis of the coins of the last part of the reign of Prince Dmitri Konstantinovich Donskoi (1365-1383) of the Russian principality Suzdal-Nizhegorod. There are no illustrations.
Kolyzin, A. M. Torgovlya Drevnei Moskvy (XII - Seredina XV v)/ Trade in Old Moscow (12th - mid 15th
Centuries). Published by the author, Moscow, 2001.
A detailed analysis of trade in medieval Moscow based on archaeological and numismatic evidence. The book is mostly text and was not intended to be a catalogue or either artifacts or coins. There is an entire chapter devoted to numismatic evidence with discussions of coinage of both Moscow Rus’ and the Golden Horde. The illustrations in plates at the end include a great series of maps, many line drawings of artifacts, line drawings of four great coins of Dmitry Donskoi, and a few Golden Horde coins. The book is organized such that the Russian text is easy to follow.
Kolyzin, A. M. And E. V. Yanushkina. Unpublished Copper Coins of the Ryazan Grand Duchy. Journal of the Russian Numismatic Society, Number 71, pp. 40-42, Winter, 2001.
The description of two Ryazan copper Puls consisting of a tamga overstruck on copper coins. Both coins were countermarked with the same punch with a tamga consistent with that of the reigns of Fedor Olgovich and Ivan Fedorovich. The punch itself was probably made in an earlier reign. One of the coins, the one in Figure 3, seems to be a countermarked Golden Horde pul of Saray al-Jadida 752 (not stated in the article, but the coin is in my collection).
Komaroff, Linda. The Epigraphy of Timurid Coinage: Some Preliminary Remarks. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 31, pp. 207-232, 1986.
An important discussion of the legends on Timurid coins. This is one of the only analyses of Timurid coins and is based to some extent on unpublished work of Steve Album.
Korn, Lorenz. Sylloge Numorum Arabicorum Tuebingen. Hamah IVc Bilad as-Sam III. Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Tuebingen, 1998.
This volume contains coins of only one mint, Hamah. The dynasties included are Ayyubid, Mongols (Ilkhan Hulagu and Chingizid Mongke) and Mamluk. Outstanding photos, maybe better than previous volumes.
Kotlyar, N. F. Klad Monet Vladimira Olgerdovicha/A Hoard of Coins of Vladimir Olgerdovich. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. VIII, pp. 88-100, 1970.
The description of a hoard of rare coins of the 14th century Prince of Kiev, Russia, Vladimir Olgerdovich.
Kotlyar, N. F. Severorusskiye (“Chernigovskiye”) Monetniye Grivni/ North Russian Monetary Grivnas.
Drevneishiye Gosudarstva Vostochnoi Yevropi: Novoye v Numizmatike, Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Rossiiskoi Istorii, Moscow, pp. 80-142, 1994.
A nice article with great photographs describing sevral different styles of silver grivnas found in northern Russia.
Kouymjian, Dickran Karnick (editor). Near Eastern Numismatics, Iconography, Epigraphy and History: Studies in Honor of George C. Miles. American University of Beirut,1974.
A Festschrift to Miles. Includes his bibliography and many important articles, including: Balog on Sasanian and Islamic Ornamental Glass Vessel Stamps, Bacharach and Awad on early bronze coinage of Egypt, al-’Ush on rare Islamic coins, Bykov on Islamic coins hoards in the Soviet Union, Kmietowicz on Samanid dirhams, Lewicki on Samanid commerce with Europe, Bikhazi on Hamdanid coins, Bulliet on Seljuq, Cahen on Egyptian coinage of the 6th/12th century, Brown on Artuqid and Zengid coinage, Bivar on a Mongol hoard, Bates on Crusader imitations of Ayyubid coins, Smith and Benin on Ilkhan economics, Artuk on Ottoman coins of Orhan.
Kouymjian, Dickran Karnick. A Numismatic History of Southeastern Caucasia and Adharbayjan Based on the Islamic Coinage of the 5th/11th to the 7th/13th Centuries. Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, New York, 1969. Photocopy from University Microfilms, Inc. Dissertation Services.
A thorough historical treatment and corpus of all known coins of the Ildegizids, Sulamids (Maliks of Darband), Khaqanids (Shirvanshahs, 1st dynasty) and Pishkinids (Maliks of Ahar). Legends completely written out and translated.
Krachkovskaya, V. A. Evolyutsiya Kuficheskovo Pis’ma v Srednei Azii/ The Evolution of Kufic Script in Central Asia. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume III, pp. 3-27, 1949.
A study of Kufic script found on coins, monuments, pottery and manuscripts in Central Asia. There are only two coins illustrated in the article, an Umayyad dirham of Marw, AH 76 (?) and a Samanid dirham of Nasr II b. Ahmad, Nishapur 305.
Krachkovskaya, V. A. Pamyatniki Arabskovo Pis’ma v Srednei Azii i Zakavkaz’ye do IX v/ Monuments with Arabic Writing in Central Asia and Caucasia up to the 9th Century. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume VI, pp. 46-100, 1952.
An extensive review of Arabic script found on early monuments with analyses of how the letters changed over time. There are numerous reproductions of the source material and tables of alphabetic examples. Many of the tables fold out to show the entire alphabet as it changed over time. Neat article for anyone interested in calligraphic evolution.
Krasnov, Dzh. Kratkii Obzor Monyetnovo dyela Cryednyevyekovoi Khorvatii/A Brief Survey of Coins from Medieval Croatia. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. XIV, pp. 76-83, 1984.
A short article on coins of medieval Croatia, with three photographic plates of coins at the end of the Journal. Includes Friesacher-type pfennigs, Weasal dinars of Slavonia and Croatia, Dalmatia, Venice, Ragusa, Hungarian, and civic coins of Split.
Krivtsov, V. D. Avers No. 5. Katalog Tsarskikh i Sovetskikh Nagrad, Znakov, Zhetonov i Nastol’nykh Medalei. Antikvarno-Auktsionnyi Dom Gelos, Moscow, 2001.
A catalogue of tokens and medals from imperial and Soviet Russia.
Kropotkin, V. V. and T. I. Makarova. Nakhodka Moneti Olega-Mikhaila v Korcheve/ A Find of Coins of Oleg- Mikhail in Korchev. Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1973(2), pp. 250-254, 1973.
The report of finding a rare silver coin of Oleg-Mikhail of Tmutarakan in a grave. There is a photo of the coin in question and three coins out of museum collections for comparison.
Krusy, Hans. Gegenstempel auf Muenzen des Spaetmittelalters. Numismatischer Verlag P. N. Schulten,
Frankfurt am Main, 1974.
A comprehensive catalogue of German countermarks. There are plates of drawings of just the countermarks and plates of countermarked coins. Alphabetically arranged by city or state.
Kukuranov, L. N. The “Urdu” Issues of Emperor Akbar. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 15, pp. 137-140, 1969.
Coins from Mughal India of Akbar have three forms of the mint name Urdu. Urdu is the camp mint of the Mughal emperors.
Kurkman, Garo and Omer Diler. Alaiye Paralari/Coinage of 'Ala'iye. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1981. Bound with Monographs on Turkish Coinage.
Coinage of the Islamic Turkish Alanya beylik. Includes late Seljuq, early Ilkhanid and some Mamluk coinage. Line drawings of coins with full Arabic legends written out and tranliterated. No translations. Eight photographic plates and several maps.
Kuteliya, T. S. Catalogue of the Iranian Copper Coins in the State Museum of Georgia. Tbilisi Metzniereba, Tbilisi, 1990. Text in Georgian, English and Russian. Tables and Figures in Georgian only.
Descriptions and very nice line drawings of 545 Iranian Civic Coppers. My copy has translations into English of the Georgian text in the tables and figures. A very useful book given the paucity of publications with good collections of civic coppers.
Kuteliya, T. S. Klad Monet XVII Beka iz Norio/ A Hoard of Coins of the 17th Century from Norio.
Numizmaticheskii Sbornik Posvyashchayetsya Pamyati D. G. Kapanadze, pp. 135-149. Akademiya Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR, Tbilisi, 1977.
A hoard of Safavid coins from Georgia.
Kuteliya, T. S. Gruziya i Sefevidskii Iran/Georgia and Safavid Iran. Akademiya Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR, Tbilisi, 1979.
The book is primarily about the Islamic Safavid coins struck in Georgia. It includes civic coppers. There are also chapters on hoards and single finds of Safavid coins found in Georgia but struck at other mints. Legends are written out. Plates are mediocre but readable.
Kuznetsov, A. V. Katalog Monet Chaganiana V-VIII vv. Izkatelstvo Fan, Akademii Nauk Respubliki Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 1994.
A catalogue or booklet on Sasanian and countermarked Sasanian coins from Chaganiana in Central Asia, as well as coins struck with Chaganianan legends. Nice plates with photographs of over 200 coins.
La Baume, Peter. Keltische Muenzen: Ein Brevier. Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1960.
A brief introduction to Celtic coinage. It includes a historical overview of the origin and distribution of Celtic tribes and illustrates several examples of their coinage. A map traces the evolution of Celtic coin types from several ancient Greek prototypes.
Lachman, Samuel. A Hoard of Silver Coins of Barsbay. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 18, pp. 163-166, 1972.
A description of 78 Islamic coins of the Mamluk Barsbay.
Lachman, Samuel. The Initial Letters on Ottoman Coins of the Eighteenth Century. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 19, pp. 199-224, 1974.
Covers Ottoman coinage from Mustafa II to Selim III (1106-1222/1695-1807).
Lachman, Samuel. The Use of Mameluk Coins in the Zaydi Yemen in the late 9th/15th Century.
Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 93, pp. 330-331, 1985.
A historical note on use of coins in the Yemen between the Rasulid and Qasimid dynasties. Notes that no coins of the Tahirids yet known.
Lachman, Samuel. A Coin of the Tahirids of the Yemen. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 94, p. 223, 1986.
The description of a single coin from the 15th century Tahirid dynasty.
Lachman, Samuel. The Ibrahimi. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 95, pp. 182-183, 1987.
Notes several historical references to a gold coin called an Ibrahimi, which he deduces from the evidence is an Ottoman issue from Egypt.
Lachman, Samuel. The Period of the Early Qasimid Imams of the Yemen. 1006-1054H/1597-1644. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 96, pp. 39-43, 1988.
A historical outline, mention of Ottoman coins in the Yemen, and descriptions of Qasimid coins.
Lachman, Samuel. The Zaidi Imam al-Mahdi Ahmad b. al-Hasan. 1087-1092H/1676-1681. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 96, pp. 143-146, 1988.
A history and description of coins of one Imam of Islamic Qasimid Yemen.
Lachman, Samuel. The Gold Coins of the Zaidi Imams of the 17th to 19th Centuries. Spink's Numismatic
Circular, Vol. 96, pp. 211-2, 1988.
Qasimid Yemen.
Lachman, Samuel. The Coins of the Zaidi Imam al-Mutawakkil 'ala allah Isma'il b. al-Qasim, 1054-1087 H/1644- 1676. Parts I and II. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 97, pp. 147-50 and 183-185, 1989.
Qasimid Yemen.
Lachman, Samuel. The Coins of the Zaidi Imams of the period 1224-1265 H/1809-1849. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 98, pp. 1-7, 1990.
Qasimid Yemen
Lachman, Samuel. A Gold Coin of the Zaidi Imam al-Mutawakkil al-Qasim b. al-Husayn. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 98, p. 84, 1990.
Qasimid Yemen.
Lachman, Samuel. A Tughra' on a Gold Coin of the Azidi Imam al-Mahdi al-'Abbas. Spink's Numismatic
Circular, Vol. 98, p. 351, 1990.
Qasimid Yemen.
Lachman, Samuel. The Numismatics of the Yemen of the 10th/16th Century. Parts 1-6. Spink's Numismatic Circular, Vol. 100, pp. 113-114, 147-8, 185-6, 223-4, 263-4, 300-2, 1992.
Mostly a historical overview of Yemen numismatics. The coinage of two Qasimid Imams is described in Part 6.
Lagerqvist, Lars O. Svenska Mynt under Vikingatid och Medeltid samt Gotlaendska Mynt. Numismatiska Bokfoerlaget, Stockholm, 1970.
Viking and medieval coinage of Sweden (995-1521) and Gotland (1140-1565). Includes photographs of most coin types and valuations in two grades.
Lam Wing Cheung. Coins of Kwangtung Mints. Urban Council, Hong Kong, 1979.
A production of the Hong Kong Museum of History. A small book about coins that were struck and circulated in Kwangtung province. Includes cast cash and modern milled coinage. Bilingual, Chinese and English. Illustrations are a mix of low-quality rubbings and mediocre photos.
Lamb, Robert A. Catalogue of German War Tokens: The Municipal Issues, 1914-1921. Lamb Press, Tucson, Arizona, 1966.
One of the standard catalogues of German Notgeld. At least one of each city is photographed. Out of date valuations give a hint of the rarity.
Lamb, Robert A. A Catalogue of French Emergency Tokens of 1914-1922. Lamb Press, Tucson, Arizona, 1967.
A catalogue of French Notgeld, including Tokens of Algeria, Morocco, French Indo-China. There is a photo of one coin from most of the towns in the catalogue. Includes values (from 1967).
Lambros, Paul. Unpublished Coins of the Medieval Kingdom of Cyprus. Originally published by K. N. Sathas, Vienna, 1873. Reprinted by Obol International, Chicago, 1980. Full text in English, French and Greek.
A history and catalogue of the coinage of Cyprus from 1184 until 1571. Each coin is illustrated with a line drawing. This was apparently the earliest catalogue of the coins of Cyprus.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. The Coins of the Amawi Khalifehs. Originally published 1874. Reprinted by Argonaut, Inc., Chicago, 1968.
A catalogue of a collection of coins of the early Islamic Umayyid dynasty, broken down by mint and year of issue. Several plates of photographs are included. There is no historical overview.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. Coins of the Urtuki Turkumans. Truebner and Co., London, 1875.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. Coins of the Urtuki Turkumans (Foes of the Crusaders). Originally published as Numismata Orientalia, Part II, London, 1875. Reprinted by Charles H. McSorley, Closter, New Jersey. Xerox copy.
An early standard work on the Islamic Artuqid dynasty of Syria, covering the period AH 516-693 (1122-1295). Includes a historical outline, descriptions of coins (without legend translations), photographic plates.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. Catalog of Oriental Coins in the British Museum. Ten Volumes. Originally published by the British Museum, London, 1875-1890. Reprinted by Forni Editore, Bologna, 1967.
Each volume includes historical and numismatic overviews. The corpus itself includes complete Arabic legends written out. Each volume has numerous indexes to legends, mints, rulers, etc.
Volume I, The Coins of the Eastern Khaleefehs - Umayyads (post-reform only) and Abbasids
Volume II, The Coins of the Muhammadan Dynasties - Umayyads of Spain, other Spanish dynasties, Idrisids, Aghlabids, Tulunids, Ikhshidids, Tahirids, Saffarids, Samanids, Banijurids (Abu Da'udid), Khan of Volga-Bulghar, Qarakhanid (Ilek Khans), Ghaznavids, Khwarizmshahs, Amir of Umara, Buwayhids
Volume III, The Coins of the Turkuman Houses of Seljook, Urtuk, Zengee, etc. - Hamdanids, Ziyarids, Saffarid (Governors of Sijistan), Kakwayhids, 'Uqaylids, Marwanids, Seljuqs, Salduqids, Shah of Mazendaran, Amir of Neysaboor, Artuqids, Zangids, Begteginids, Ildegizid, Salghurid (Atabegs of Faris), Pishkinid (Kings of Ahar)
Volume IV, The Coinage of Egypt (AH 358-922) under the Fatimee Khaleefehs, the Ayyoobees, and the Memlook Sultans - Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk
Volume V, The Coins of the Moors of Africa and Spain, and the Kings and Imams of the Yemen -
Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hafsid, Merinid, Ziyanid, Sa'dian Sharifs, 'Alawi Sharifs, Sulayhid, Zurayid, Rasulid, Rassid, Qasimid
Volume VI, The Coins of the Mongols - Great Mongols (Chingizid), Ilkhan, Golden Horde (Jujid), Khan of Kazan, Giray Khans, Chaghatayid, Kart, Jalayrid, Injuyid, Muzaffarid, Sarbadarid
Volume VII, The Coinage of Bukhara (Transoxiana) from the Time of Timur to the Present Day -
Timurid, Shaybanid, Janid , Mangit of Bukhara, Khans of Khoqand, Khans of Khiva, Ottoman Kashgar, Amir of Budlees.
Volume VIII, The Coins of the Turks - Qara Qoyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, Karamanid, Aydin, Saruhan,
Menteshe, Ottoman
Volume IX, Additions to Volumes I. -IV. - Adds Arab-Byzantine
Volume X, Additions to Volumes V. - VIII.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. Catalogue of the Mohammadan Coins preserved in the Bodleian Library at Oxford. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1888.
Catalogue of a small collection of Islamic coins in Oxford. Includes early coppers, Umayyad, Abbasid, Umayyad of Spain, Saffarid, Samanid, Qarakhanid, Sijistan, Rum Seljuqs, Artuqid, Begteginid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, Saruhan, Eretnid, Qaramanid, Ottoman, Muwahhid, Sa’dian, Alawi, Great Mongol, Ilkhan, Golden Horde, Chaghatayid, Timurid, Bukhara, Ghaznavid, Khwarizmshah, Indian, Safavid, Afghan, Afsharid, Zand, Qajar, Durrani and glass weights. Good indices, legends written out. Good old photos.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. The Coins of the Moghul Emperors of Hindustan in the British Museum. Originally
published by the British Museum, London, 1892. Reprinted by Inter-India Publications, New Delhi, 1983.
One of the standard references on the Mughal coins of India. Standard BMC format with good historical information in the introduction. Legends fully written out.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. The Mohammadan Dynasties. Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions. Originally published London, 1893. Reprinted by Khayat Book & Publishing Company, Beirut, 1966.
A non-numismatic summary of the various Islamic dynasties broken down geographically. Contains historical summaries, genealogies, and index of rulers. No maps. The preface explains the meaning of several Islamic names.
Lane-Poole, Stanley. Catalogue of the Collection of Arabic Coins Preserved in the Khedivial Library in Cairo. Originally published Oxford, 1897. Reprint by al-Arab Bookshop S. Boustany, Cairo, 1984.
A catalogue of the museum holdings including Umayyad, Abbasid, Aghlabid, Tulunid, Ikhshidid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, Ottoman, Sudan, Umayyad of Spain, Hammudid of Malaga, Hudid of Zaragoza, King of Denia, Idrisid, Murabitid, Muwahhid, Granada, Hafsid, Marinid, ‘Alawi Sharifs, Dulafid, Samanid, Ghaznavid, Buwayhid, Hasanwayhid, Hamdanid, Qarmatid, Mirdasid, ‘Uqaylid, Marwanid, Great Seljuq, Artuqid, Zangid, Begteginid, Chingizid, Ilkhan, Zand, Qajar, Manghits of Bukhara, Khoqand, Kashgar, Normans of Sicily. Legends are written out, no illustrations. It is obviously strongest in Egyption dynasties, with very few coins of the others.
Lang, David M. Studies in the Numismatic History of Georgia in Transcaucasia. Numismatic Notes and
Monographs No. 130. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1955.
A detailed history of coinage in Georgia from classical to modern times. Includes Islamic Abbasid, Bagratid, Great Mongols (Chingizid), Chaghatayid Khans, Ilkhanids, Jalayrids, Safavid, Ottoman, and Afsharid dynasties. Many photographic plates. Coins fully described with legends written out in Arabic and translated. No transliterations.
Lang, David M. Coins of Georgia in Transcaucasia (Acquired by the American Numismatic Society: 1953-1965. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 12, pp. 223-232, 1966.
Additions to his earlier monograph on coins of Georgia.
Langlois, Victor. Numismatique de l'Armenie au Moyen-Age. Originally published by M. Camille Rollin, Paris, 1855. Reprinted by Editions Louis Pariente, Paris, 1978.
The standard reference to medieval Cilician Armenia prior to Bedoukian. Includes good historical introductions to each ruler and full descriptions of coins, with all legends written out in Armenian. Not translated.
Langlois, Victor. Numismatique des Arabes avant l"Islamisme. Originally published in Paris, 1859. Reprinted by Forni, Bologna, 1979.
Coins of the Kingdom of Nabataea, Kingdom of Characene, Kingdom of Palmyria, Arab-Armenian Kingdom of Edessa, Kingdom of Atratene, Kingdom of Homerites, Arabic Egypt and the Axumites. It is a classic work with more history than coin descriptions.
Langlois, Victor. Essai de Classification des Suites Monetaires de la Georgie, depuis l’Antiquite jusqu’a nos Jours. L’Imprimerie Imperiale, Paris, 1860. Photocopy.
An important reference on the coins of Georgia. A narrative-style catalogue typical of Langlois and other 19th-century French numismatists. This one has much overlap and much different from my other catalogues of Georgia. This one has a good emphasis on imitation Sasanian coinage and several smaller denominations with Arabic writing from the reign of Constantine II. Nice addition to my Georgia material.
Lapa, Frank A. Russian Wire Money. Published by the author, 1967. Copy No. 641 of 1000 numbered copies.
Guide to the identification of wire kopecks of Russia. Translations of legends, guide to mintmarks and dates, rarity indices.
Lasa, Carmelo. Hallazgos Numismaticos de Epoca Islamica: Alcaniz y Zaragoza. II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 249-257, 1988.
Hoards of gold, silver and copper coins of the Spanish Umayyads and other Spanish Islamic dynasties. Nice photos of squarish fulus.
Launois, A. Estampilles et Poids Faibles en Verre Omeyyades et Abbassides au Musee Arabe du Caire.
Publications de l’Institut Francais d’Archeologie Orientale du Caire, Melanges Islamologiques III, 1957. Photocopy
An extensive description of Umayyad and Abbasid glass jetons. All are fully described with Arabic legends written out, and there are photographic plates at the end of the article. The Arab Museum in Cairo has a collection of more than 1700 glass jetons. This work only looks at those from the Caliphate.
Lauter, Klaus. Ueber 2000 Jahre Muenzen im trierer Land. Kleine Muenzgeschichte von den Kelten bis zur Gegenwart. Stadtsparkasse Trier, 1967.
A brief history of the coinage of Trier, Germany, and associated coinage of Koblenz. Approximately 200 types illustrated. Published by a Trier bank.
Lapa, Frank A. Kandy Kings of Ceylon, 1055-1295 A.D. Published by the Author, Beverly Hills, 1968.
A monograph on the bronze coinage of medieval Ceylon. There is an accounting of all varieties known to the author with rarity and price notations. Transliteration of the legends is given for each ruler.
Lavoix, Henri. Monnaies a legendes arabes frappees en Syrie par les Croises. Joseph Baer et Cie, Paris, 1877. Photocopy.
A historical treatment of imitations of Islamic coins struck in Syria by the Crusaders. It quotes heavily from original sources. Not a catalogue.
Lavoix, Henri. Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliotheque Nationale. I. Khalifes Orientaux. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 1887. Two-sided photocopy, green hard thesis binding.
Arab-Byzantine, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Abbasid partisans. Many early bronzes. Legends written out, good indices, plates of many of the coins.
Lavoix, Henri. Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliotheque Nationale. II. Espagne et Afrique. Originally published in Paris, 1891. Reprint by Forni, Bologna, 1977.
Umayyad of Spain, Hammudid, ‘Abbadid, Aftasid, Zirid of Granada, Dhu’l-Nunid, ‘Amirid, Hudid of Zaragoza, Hudid of Denia, Kingdom of Mallorca, King of Tortosa, Berghwata of Ceuta, Murabitid, Kings of Cordoba, Kings of Murcia, Muwahhid, Nasrid, Aghlabid, Idrisid, Midrarid, Zirid of Qayrawan, Hafsid, Merinid, Ziyanid, Sa’dian, ‘Alawi, Christian imitations.
Lavoix, Henri. Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliotheque Nationale. III. Egypte et Syrie.
Originally published in Paris, 1896. Reprint by Forni, Bologna, 1978.
Tulunid, Ikhshidid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk.
Lebedev, V. P. Serebryaniye Monety Azerbaidzhana Vremeni Voin Timura i Tokhtamysha/ Silver Coins of Azerbaijan from the Time of the War between Timur and Tokhtamish. Epigrafika Vostoka, Vol. XXIII, pp. 63-78, 1985.
Jalayrid (Ahmad), Golden Horde (Toqtamish) and Timurid coins from the AH 780s and 790s from the Bakuya, Derbend, Shabiran, Shemakhi, Mahmudibad, and Tabriz mints. These are from a hoard of more than 180 coins. The coins of Toqtamish are the silver 2 Dinar denomination, Album 2049. There are great coin descriptions, drawings of coins and cartouches, a cross-references to Savel’yev’s seminal work.
Lebedev, V. P. Myednaya Dzhuchidskaya Krimskaya Moneta Goda Zmei/Copper Jujid Coins from Krim in the Year of the Dragon. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, vol. XV, pp. 129-131, 1989.
Islamic coins of the Golden Horde (Jujids). A brief article with legends of coins and plate of line drawings and photos.
Lebedev, V. P. Simbolika i Yazik Monet Krima Zolotoordinskovo Perioda. Numizmaticheskiye Issledovaniya po Istorii Yugo-vostochnoi Yevropi, pp. 139-156, Akademiya Nauk SSR Moldova, Kishinev, 1990.
A nice article about symbols and legends on copper and silver coins of the Golden Horde. It includes very nice line drawings of reconstructions of coins. There is a table of legends (Arabic, Persian and Greek) found on the coins. Most of the coins are from the Krim mint.
Lebedev, V. P. Neizdanniye Medniye Moneti Krimskovo Khana Shakhin Gireya/ Unpublished Copper Coins of the Crimean Khan Shahin Giray. Moskovskoye Numizmaticheskoye Obshchestvo, Numizmaticheskii Sbornik No. 2, pp. 58-61, 1992.
A brief description new types of copper coins of Shahin Khan Giray. There are decent line drawings of the coins.
Lebedev, V. P. K Numizmatike Gireev. Moneti Sa’adata I (1523-1532/ On Girei Numismatics. The Coins of Sa’adat I )1523-1532). Pyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Moscow, pp. 38-40, 1997.
A description of silver akches of the early Giray Khan Sa’adat I (bin Mengli Giray). Line drawings of the different types, struck at the Kaffa mint.
Lebedev, V. P. K Numizmatike Gireev: Monety Sa’adat-Gireya I (929-938?/ 1523-1532?). Drevnosti
Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 87-96, 1997.
A description of silver akches and copper puls, with die varieties, of Sa’adat Giray I, the seventh Giray Khan. There are nice line drawings of the coins and a metrological analysis.
Lebedev, Valentin. Neskol’ko Primerov Neizdannykh Monet Krymskovo Khanstva XV-XVII vv./ Some Examples of Unknown Coins of Crimean Khans from the 15th - 17th Centuries. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1998(3), p. 18-19.
Six new types of coins of the Giray Khans. A copper, silver and silver-washed copper of Mengli Giray I, a silver-washed bronze of Ghazi Giray I, and silver akches of Sahib Giray I and Bahadur b. Salamet Giray.
Lebedev, Valentin. K Numizmatike Gireev. Monety Sa’adat-Gireya I (929-938 Khidzhry/ 1523-1532)/ The Numismatics of the Giray Khans. Coins of Sa’adat Giray I. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1998(4), pp. 16-19.
Silver and copper coins of Sa’adat Giray I, including silver-washed coppers. There is a metrological analysis of coins of this reign and a suggestion as to how the different types evolved from previous types.
Lebedev, Valentin. Utochneniye Sistemy Nominalov Monet Shakhin Gireya/ A More Precise Definition of the System of Denominations of the Coins of Shahin Giray. Numizmatika i Faleristika 1999(2), p. 14-17.
A historical account of monetary reforms of the last of the Giray Khans, Shahin Giray, with a discussion of the many denominations of his coinage.
Lebedev, V. P. Numizmaticheskiye Etudy Saratovskovo Krayeveda i Numizmata Yu. E. Pyrsova (1930-1997)/ Numismatic Studies by the Saratov Region Student Y. E. Pyrsov (1930-1997). Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 9-18, 2000.
A series of short reports on work by Pyrsov on coins of the Golden Horde. Legends of some coins are written out in the text, and there are line drawings of coins.
Lebedev, Valentin. K Numizmatike Kryma Zolotoordynskovo Perioda/ On the Numismatics of Qrim during the Period of the Golden Horde. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik Number 7, Moskovskoye Numizmaticheskoye Obshchestvo, Moscow, pp. 52-64, 2000.
Another of the author’s articles on coins, mostly copper, from the Golden Horde mint of Qrim, with some Solkhat coins as well. Most of the line drawings appear in previous and later works by the same author. This one does include the Qrim al-Mahrusa 720 dirham and several of its countermarks.
Lebedev, Valentin. Korpus Monet Kryma v Sostave Zolotoi Ordy (Seredina XIII - Konets XV vv.)/Corpus of Coins of Qrim of the Golden Horde (Middle 13th - End of 15th Centuries). Numizmatika i Faleristika 2000(1), p. 19-23.
Nicely done article of coins of Golden Horde coins of the Qrim mint. There are excellent line drawings of 16 types (some with subtypes) of silver coins, from Berke Khan through Toqtu, and 18 types of copper coins, mostly anonymous, most dated. There is a table of Arabic legends similar to that found in his 1990 work. This article includes coins of Solkhat, which is another name for the Qrim mint.
Lebedev, Valentin. Korpus Monet Kryma v Sostave Zolotoi Ordy. II. Anonimnyi Chekan Rubezha XIII-XIV vv. I Monety Uzbek-Khana (1312-1339)/ Corpus of Golden Horde Coins from Qrim. II. Anonymous Issues of the 13th-14th Century and Coins of Uzbek Khan. Numizmatika i Faleristika 2000(2), p. 32-35.
A continuation of the work begun in the previous issue. This one has coppers numbered 19-44 (anonymous types) and 45-49 (in the name of Uzbek Khan). It also three silver types (numbered 17-19) from Uzbek Khan, along with three examples of the Qrim al-Mahrusa 720 Dirham with various countermarks.
Lebedev, Valentin. Korpus Monet Kryma v Sostave Zolotoi Ordy. III. Monety Vremeni Toktamysha, evo Sopernikov I Preemnikov (1375-1430). Corpus of Coins of Qrim from the Golden Horde. III. Coins from the time of Toqtamish, His Rivals and Successors. Numizmatika i Faleristika 2000(3), p. 10-15.
Copper coins, mostly anonymous and undated, numbered 50-62, and silver coins numbered 23-64. The dirhams are from the reigns of Muhammad Bulaq Khan, Toqtamish, Beg Pulad Khan, Tash Timur (?), Timur Qutlugh, Shadi Beg, Pulad Khan, Timur Khan, Dervish Khan, Beg Sufi, Beg Sultan and Daulat Birdi. Excellent line drawings as in the first two installments.
Lebedev, V. P. Sem’ Neizdannikh Monet Krimskovo Khanstva XV - XVII vv./ Seven Unpublished Coins of the Crimean Khanate from the 15th - 17th Centuries. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 162-168, 2000.
Coins of the Giray Khans, including Nur Dawlat Giray, Mengli Giray (copper), Mengli Giray (silver), Ghazi Giray I, Sahib Giray I, Bahadur Giray. Line drawings of all coin, with full or partial legends of each.
Lebedev, V. P. K Numizmatike Kryma Zolotoordynskovo Perioda. 5. Da Sokhranitsya Krym ot Bedstvii (Monety Kontsa XIV - Nachala XV v/ On Numismatics of Qrim during the Period of the Golden Horde. 5. Final issues before the Fall of Qrim (end of the 14th to the beginning of the 15th Century). Pp.137-149 In: Numizmaticheskii Sbornik 9, Moskovskoye Numizmaticheskoye Obshchestvo, Moscow, 2002.
Coins of Qrim from the Golden Horde reigns of Toqtamish, Tash-Timur, Timur Qutlugh. Coins of Shadi Beg from Kaffa. Qrim issues of Beg Sufi and Dervish Khan. The paper has his usual very good line drawings.
Lebedev, V. P. Yangikent - Monetnyi Dvor Zolotoi Ordy Vremeni Uzbeka/ Yangikent - A Golden Horde Mint from the time of Uzbek. Odinnadtsataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Sankt Petersburg, 14-18 Aprelya 2003, pp. 89-91, 2003.
A very rare pul in the name of Uzbek dated AH 738 with the mint name Yangikent. Fraehn read the legend as 16 Dang, while Yanina read it as Saray. The author examined five new examples and read the mint as Yangikend. There is a line drawing of the type.
Lebedev, V. P. and V. N. Dunin. Zolotoordynskiye Monety iz Nokhodok v Gorodtse na Volge/ Golden Horde Coins from Finds in Gorodets on the Volga. Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 25-47, 1997.
An analysis of 95 silver and 10 copper coins of the Golden Horde. Most were known types, but a few previously unknown types appear as line drawings in the report. All the coins are earlier than Toqtamish.
Lebedev, V. P. and A. A. Koifman. Novyi Klad Shaddadidskikh Dirkhemov Nachala XI Veka/ A New Hoard of Shaddadid Dirhams from the Beginning of the 11th Century. Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 97-107, 1997.
A hoard of 57 dirhams from the reign of the Shaddadid al-Fadl I b. Muhammad. They were all dated AH 401 and 403 and were all from the Janza mint. Includes line drawings, legends in the text, and a metrological analysis.
Lebedev, V. P. and A. A. Koifman. K Numizmatike Azerbaidzhana. Dirkhemy Shirvanshakha Salara b. Yazida (441-455/ 1049-1063)/ On the Numismatics of Azerbaijan. Shirvanshah Dirhams of Salar b. Yazid (441-455/ 1049-1063). Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 108-116, 1997.
A description of an important hoard of twelve coins of Salar b. Yazid, the father of the earliest Shirvanshah heretofore known to have issued coins. There are line drawings of the different types, legends written out, and a metrological analysis.
Lebedev, V. P. and P. N. Petrov. Dva Klada Mednykh Poserebrennykh Dirkhemov Khorezmshakha ‘Ala ad-Dina Mukhammada b. Tekesha (1200-1220)/ Two Hoards of Silver-Plated Copper Dirhams of the Khwarezmshah ‘Ala al-Din Muhammad b. Tekish (1200-1220). Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp.150-178, 1997.
A hoard of 171 so-called black dirhams of the Khwarezmshahs from Tirmidh, Chaghanian, Balkh and Samarqand. There are line drawings of all of the types and dates, legends written out in the text, and there is a table that includes the epithets (mansuri, khani, etc.) found on the different types. Much of the information duplicates that found in other articles, but the presentation is simpler and more complete. Very useful.
Lebedev, V. P. and O. V. Trostyanskii. Nebol’shoi Klad Dzhhuchidskikh Dirkhemov XIV-XV vv. iz-pod
Saratova/ A Small Hoard of Jujid Dirhams of the 14th - 15th Centuries in Saratova. Chetvertaya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Moscow, pp. 40-43, 1996.
The description of a group of twelve silver coins of the Golden Horde. There is a table listing the ruler, mint and date (where readable) and line drawings of all twelve coins.
Lebedev, V. P. and O. V. Trostyanskii. Nebol’shoi Klad Dzhhuchidskikh Dirkhemov XIV-XV vv. iz-pod
Saratova/ A Small Hoard of Jujid Dirhams of the 14th - 15th Centuries in Saratova. Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp.78-86, 1997.
Twelve Golden Horde dirhams from Saray al-Jadida, Kaffa Jadid, Ordy Muazzam, Saray, Hajji Tarkhan. Line drawings and legends.
Lebedev, V. P. and O. V. Trostyanskii. Klad Dirkhemov Zolotoi Ordy Pervoi Poloviny XIV v. iz Tatarstana/ A Hoard of Dirhams of the Golden Horde from the First Half of the 14th Century from Tatarstan. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 46-49, 2000.
A small hoard of 25 coins, Toqtu through Murid, from Gulistan, Saray, Saray al-Jadida and Khwarezm. There are nice line drawings of seven of them.
Le May, Reginald. The Coinage of Siam. Originally published by The Siam Society, Bangkok, 1932. Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
The first comprehensive study of bullet coinage of Thailand, both Ayuthian and Bangkok. Still the most useful primary reference on the series. Includes blocks with line drawings of the different marks found on the coins. There are mediocre photos of many of the bullets and a few other primitive type coins. The greatest drawback is that there is not a system of assigning catalogue numbers.
Le Strange, Guy. Notes on some inedited coins from a collection made in Persia during the years 1877-1879. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol. 12, pp. 1542-1547, 1880. Photocopy.
Descriptions of three coppers of Sanabares, a Bactrian king, an Aghlabid denar, 'Alid from Amul, Samanid from Nishapur, Buwayhid of Muhammediyah.
Leuthold, Enrico, Jr. La Monetazione Argentea dei Sultani Aynal ed Ahmad. Rivista Italiana di Numismatica, Vol. LXXXIV, pp. 139-159, 1983.
A nice catalogue of the silver dirhams of the Mamluk sultans Aynal and Ahmad. There are nice line drawings of most types. The Arabic legends are not written out separately, but they are clear from the drawings. A nice addition to Balog.
Leuthold, Enrico Jr. 1056 Dirham Umaiyadi ed Abbasidi. 24 Pages + VII Plates. Published by the Author, Milan, 1988.
The description of a group of 1056 Umayyad and Abbasid dirhams with dates ranging from AH 87 - 212 and representing 40 mints. The paper consists mostly of a list of mints, dates and weights, with occasional notes about the coins. No legends are written out. Ninety-two of the coins are photographed on high-quality plates.
Leuthold, Enrico, Jr. The Silver Coinage of the Mamluk Sultan Khushqadam. Yarmouk Numismatics, Volume 1(1), pp. 7-10, 1989.
A short addition to Balog’s corpus on Mamluk coins. He has reconstructed the complete legends based on looking at many examples of each type. Each coin is photographed.
Leuthold, Enrico, Jr. La Riforma Monetaria di al-Salih Ayyub. 8 Pages. Published by the Author, Milan, 1990.
A metrological history of early Ayyubid coinage demonstrating increasing variability of the weight of the gold dinar up until AH 638, the second year of the reign of al-Salih Ayyub. After AH 638, there appears to be a much more constant weight of the gold coinage at around 4.25 grams for the dinar.
Leuthold, Enrico Jr. Inizio e Splendore della Dinastia Buwayhide: 50 Anni di Storia del IV. Sec. J./ X. Sec. D.C. Illustrati da 100 Dirham Inediti o Rari. 26 Pages. Published by the Author, Milan, 1990.
Photos and descriptions of 100 rare and/or unpublished dirhams (mostly) and dinars from the first 50 years of Buwayhid coinage. The coins are from 29 different mints. The photographs are nicely done. The legends are not written out.
Leuthold, Enrico Jr. 124 Dirham dell’Epoca di Kayqubadh I, Salgiuqide de Anatolia. 11 Pages + IV Plates. Published by the Author, Milan, 1992.
A nice collection of 124 dirhams from the time of the Rum Seljuq Kayqubad I. The coins are mostly from the Konya and Sivas mints. The author writes out some of the legends and illustrates variations in ornamentation and style of legend. Approximately 90 of the coins are photographed.
Leuthold, Enrico Jr. Dirham dei Califfi Abbasidi e dei Dinasti Hamdanidi - Buwayhidi - Samanidi. 21 Pages + XI Plates. Published by the Author, Milan, 1995.
A description of 706 dirhams from 34 mints. The groupe includes Abbasid, Hamdanid, Buwayhid, Samanid, Ikhshidid, Saffarid, Wajihid, Saluqid and Ghaznavid coins. Legends are not written out. The descriptions give the mint, date, weight, and name(s) found on the coins. Almost 250 coins are photographed on good plates.
Leuthold, Enrico Jr. La monetazione argentea del Sultano Aynal. Societa Numismatica Italiana, Comunicazione N. 35, pp. 28-29, November, 2000.
A short note about one type of silver dirham of the Mamluk sultan Aynal.
Leuthold, Enrico Jr. Un Dinaro Coniato a Tarabulus (Tripoli di Libia) nel 416 H./ 1025 A.D. durante la
“assenza” dell’ Imam al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah. Published by the Author, Milan, 2002.
The Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim was deposed in AH 411, after which al-Zahir assumed the title. Al-Hakim continued a rule in the north, with gold dinars being issued in AH 412-414 in al-Mahdiya and al-Mansuriya, and in Tarablus in AH 415. The paper provides references for these coins from various catalogues, both museum and sale. This paper describes a dinar from Tarablus dated AH 416, the latest for which coins of al-Hakim are now known. Interesting article, nice color photos of the coin.
Levy, Abraham H. The Making of Coin Dies. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 137-141, 1988-1989.
A brief discussion of the manufacture of coin dies for ancient and medieval coins, particularly using the lost-wax casting method.
Lhotka, John F. Medieval Feudal French Coinage. Reprinted from The Numismatist, American Numismatic Association, Olympic Press, Salina, Kansas, 1966.
A brief guide to the identification of Feudal French coins. It includes an alphabetical listing of legends, as well as maps, monograms, medieval place names found on coins, and a brief historical introduction.
Lhotka, John F. Introduction to Medieval Bractates. Sanford J. Durst, New York, 1989. Originally printed in The Numismatist, 1958, with new material in this edition.
Guide to identification of bracteates by subject matter and legends. Germany, Austria, Bohemia and Switzerland.
Lhotka, John F., and P. K. Anderson. Survey of Medieval Iberian Coinages. Reprinted from the Numismatist, Olympic Press, Salina Kansas, 1963.
Medieval Portugal and Spain, including Castile and Leon, Aragon, Navarre, and feudal Spain.
Lichnowsky, Robert v. and Eduard Edlen v. Mayer. Des fuerstlichen Hochstiftes Olmuetz Muenzen und Medaillen nach der zu Kremsier befindlichen Sammlung. Published by the Authors, Vienna, 1873. Facsimile reprint by Akademischen Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1963.
A catalogue of a collection of coins and medals of the Bishopric of Olmuetz, Moravia, from the reign of Stanislaus Pawlowsiy (1579-1598) to that of Friedrich Landgraf von Ruerstenberg (1853). There is a historical section on the granting of minting privileges to Olmuetz and detailed written descriptions of all coins. There are no plates or illustrations and no index.
Lin Gwo-Ming. Dates and Types of the Sinkiang 5-Mace Silver Coins. Numismatic World Bimonthly No. 33, Taiwan, 1982. Photocopy in Chinese.
Early work on Sinkiang silver, greatly expanded in his book.
Lin Gwo-Ming, Ma Tak-Wo and Chen Gi-Mao. Illustrated Catalogue of Sinkiang Gold and Silver Coins. Taiwan, 1990.
Fantastic well-illustrated catalogue of the many subvarieties of silver and gold coins from Sinkiang/Xinjiang at the end of the Ch’ing dynasty and the very early years of the Republic. It is especially strong in the varieties of silver ½ miscal coins from the various mints, including the coins of Yakub Beg. There are enough English descriptions to make the book useful, although most of the descriptions of subvarieties are written only in Chinese. Apparently this is the only serious treatment of the many varieties of these coins.
Lin Gwo-Ming. Illustrated Catalogue of Chinese Gold & Silver Coins. Taisei Stamps & Coins Ltd., Hong Kong, 1992.
High-quality catalogue of milled gold and silver coins from China, including Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang (Sinkiang). It does not go into the detail as the Xinjiang catalogue does, but has major types from all mints. The photos are very good.
Linder-Welin, Ulla S. Ein grosser Fund arabischer Muenzen aus Stora Velinge, Gotland. Nordisk Numismatisk Arsskrift, pp. 74-120, 1941. Photocopy.
Description of a hoard of Islamic coins found in Sweden. Few coin descriptions, mostly list of dates and mints by dynasty. Ummayid, Abbasid, Idrisid, 'Alid of Tabaristan, Tahirid, Saffarid, Banijurid, Samanid.
Linder-Welin, Ulla S. Sayf ad-Dawlah’s Reign in Syria and Diyarbekr in the Light of the Numismatic Evidence. In: Commentationes de Nummis Saeculorum IX-XI in Suecia Repertis, Part 1, pp. 21-102, 1962. Photocopy.
A numismatic history of the Hamdanid dynasty through an analyis of Hamdanid, Ikhshidid and Abbasid coins dated AH 331-358. Coin legends are written out in Arabic and translated. Plates are decent, even in photocopy.
Livshits, V. I. Den’gi Rossii/ Russian Money. Interbuk-biznes, Moscow, 2000.
A wonderful coffee-table-type book on the history of Russian coinage and banknotes. It concentrates mostly on the last two centuries, with great emphasis on Soviet coinage, but enlarged photos of early coinage are wonderful. It has Olbian, Roman, Sasanian, early Islamic coinage and then covers Kiev, the different Russian Principalities and later wire coinage before getting into the milled coinage of the Czars. There are nice illustrations of old cities, historical personages, etc. The text is straightforward and relatively easy to read.
Livshits, V. A., K. V. Kaufman and I M. Dyakonob. O Drevnei Sogdiiskoi Pis’mennosti Bukhary/ On Ancient Sogdian Writing in Bukhara. Vestnik Drevnei Istorii 1954(1), pp. 150-163, 1954.
A description of different forms of letters of the Aramaic alphabet found on Sogdian coins and other texts, including a table of the different letter forms from all sources. Could eventually be useful in reading, translating and further attributing Sogdian coins.
Ljubic, Sime. Opis Jugoslavenskih Novaca. University of Zagreb, 1875. Photocopy beautifully bound by Marshall Tito’s bookbinder. In Serbo-Croatian.
The classic reference on medieval coinage of Bulgaria, Serbia and Bosnia. Although replaced by subsequent works, it still contains valuable descriptions of coins and line drawings that often show more detail than photos found in more recent books. Definitely useful.
Lobel, Richard, Mark Davidson, Allan Hailstone, and Eleni Calligas. Coincraft’s 1998 Standard Catalogue of English and UK Coins, 1066 to Date. Coincraft, London, 1998.
A new (third edition) standard catalogue of British coinage from the conquest onwards. Many find better than Seaby.
Loehr, August. Oesterreichische Geldgeschichte. Veroeffentlichungen des Instituts fuer Oesterreichische Geschichtsforschung, Band 4. Universum Verlags Ges.m.b.H. Wien, 1946.
A short history of coinage in Austria from Celtic times until the 20th century. Several plates of photographs show selected coins through Austrian history. The history explains much about the economic times during which the coins were struck and the historical importance of the localities that struck coins.
Loginov, S D. and A. B. Nikitin. Monogrammy Monetnovo Dvora Merva/ Monograms of the Marw Mint. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXIV, pp. 37-43, 1988.
Focuses on coins of Varahran V (Sasanian). Nearly half of his coins are from Marw, many of which are imitated. There was a 70-year interruption of striking coins in Marw because of defeats by the Hephthalites. Coins of Peroz, Valash and Zamasp attributed to Marw are really MY, misread by Mordtmann.
Loginov, S. D. and A. B. Nikitin. Sasanidskiye bronzoviye Moneti Merva/Sassanian Bronze Coins of Merv. Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp. 217-229, 1997.
Copper coins struck in or circulating in Merv (Merw, Marw) during Sasanian times. Some line drawings. English summary.
Lowick, N. M. Some Unpublished Dinars of the Sulayhids and Zuray’ids. Numismatic Chronicle, 7th Series, Vol. IV, 1964. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. III: 261-270.
Historical overview of the Sulayhid and later dynasties in Yemen and a description of several gold coins found in Aden. There is a good explanation of the titles used on the coins. The coins are fully described with their legends written out in Arabic.
Lowick, N. M. Some Countermarked Coins of the Shaybanids and Early Moghuls. Journal of the Numismatic Society of India, Vol. XXVI, Part II, 1965. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XII: 157-169.
The countermarks are Mughal, with both Mughal and (mostly) Shaybanid hosts. The Mughal countermarks are in the name of Babur, Kamran, and Akbar, and some have the formula Adl Kabul.
Lowick, N. M. Coins of Sulaiman Mirza of Badakhshan. Numismatic Chronicle, 7th Series, Volume V, 1965. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XIII: 221-229.
Sulayman Mirza was a descendent of Timur and nominal vassal of the Moghuls during the reigns of Humayun and Akbar. Some of the gold coins had been mistakenly attributed to the Ottoman Sulayman I by Lane-Poole.
Lowick, N. M. Shaybanid Silver Coins. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Volume VI, pp. 251-330, 1966. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XI: 251-330.
A detailed discussion of the history and coinage of the 16th century Shaybanid dynasty of Kazakhstan. Includes full legends of all coins and an extensive history. Not as much detail as Davidovich, but much more useful for those who don't read Russian.
Lowick, N. M. A Gold Coin of Rasultegin, Seljuk Ruler in Fars. Numismatic Chronicle, 7th Series, Vol. VIII, 1968. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. V: 225-230.
The desription of a unique dinar struck by Rasultegin, a Seljuq prince in Fars. The dinar was struck in Istakhr in AH 455.
Lowick, N. M. Seljuq Coins. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Vol. X, pp. 241-251, 1970. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. VI: 241-251.
A description of 21 coins of the Great Seljuqs, Seljuqs of Iraq, and Seljuqs of Kirman. Full Arabic legends are given, as well as historical notes.
Lowick, N. M. A Hoard of Seljuq Dirhams. Spink’s Numismatic Circular, June 1970. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. VII: 1-6.
A description of a hoard of Rum Seljuq dirhams. They span a 26-year period, reigns of Kaykhusraw II through Qilij Arslan IV, mostly Sivas and Konya mints. There is a very useful table of diwani numerals, the abbreviated way of writing numbers (in words) found on many Rum Seljuq coins.
Lowick, N. M. Feudalism in Syria: An Ayyubid Silver Hoard. Spink’s Numismatic Circular, October, 1971. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. X: 1-6.
A historical interpretation of the names found together on Ayyubid dirhams. There are no coin descriptions per se.
Lowick, N. M. More on Sulaiman Mirza and his Contemporaries. Numismatic Chronicle, 7th Series, Vol. XII, 1972. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XIV: 283-287.
The description of a series of small gold coins struck in Badakhshan by the Mughal Humayun,Sulayman Mirza, Muhammad Shah Rukh, and finally the Shaybanid ‘Abdallah II bin Iskandar. The latter 1/4 mithqals, Album 2994. The author uses the series of coins to illustrate the shifting political allegiances of Badakhshan during the time, culminating in its conquest by Abdallah.
Lowick, N. M. The Horseman Type of Bengal and the Question of Commemorative Issues. J. Numis. Soc. India, Vol. XXXV, 1973. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XVII: 196-208.
A discussion of early gold and silver coins with a galloping horseman from the Dehli Sultanate. Some of the coins are dated 19 Ramadan AH 601, and it is concluded by the author that the issue is a commemorative issued on the anniversary of the conquest of Ghor by Muhammad bin Sam. There is a subsequent discussion of other possible commemorative issues.
Lowick, N. M. Les premieres monnaies artuqides: Une exhumation tardive. Revue Numismatique, 6e Serie, Vol. XVI, 1974. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. VIII: 95-99.
A description of a figural bronze type of the Artuqid Husam al-Din Timurtash in Mardin, AH 543. The author concludes that the portrait is based on a Roman bronze of Julian the Apostate.
Lowick, N. M. Coins of the Najahids of Yemen: A Preliminary Investigation. Actes du 8eme Congres
international de numismatique. Paris, 1976. Reprinted 1990, in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. II: 543-551.
This is a description of some very rare gold coins from Zabid issued by the short-lived Najahid dynasty. The dynasty began in 412/1021, when Zabid was taken over by Najah, and ended in 452/1060, when the last Najahid was murdered by the Sulayhid ‘Ali bin Muhammad.
Lowick, N. M. Une Monnaie ‘Alide d’al-Basrah Datee de 145 H (762-3 apres J.-C.). Revue Numismatique XXI, pp. 218-224, 1979.
A coin struck by an Abbasid revolutionary in Syria. The coin is described and there is a nice history of the times explaining how the coin came to be.
Lowick, N. M. Joint Coinage of Humayun and Shah Tahmasp at Qandahar. Numismatic Digest Vol. VI, 1982. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XV: 74-78.
A description of one gold and one silver coin issued jointly by the Mughal Humayun and the Safavid Tahmasp. The silver was struck in Qandahar in AH 952. Humayun had sought refuge with Tahmasp, was kept as a virtual captive, and eventually converted to Twelver Shi’ism. His conversion prompted Tahmasp to arm him and assist him in the recapture of Qandahar.
Lowick, N. M. Humayun’s Silver Coinage in Bengal and the Introduction of the Rupee. Numismatic Digest Vol. VI, 1982. Reprint 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. XVI: 79-84.
Mughal coinage of Humayun and a discussion of changing weight standards.
Lowick, N. M. The mint of San’a: A Historical Outline. In: Serjeant, R. B. and Ronald Lewcock, eds., San’a, An Arabian Islamic City. 1983. Reprinted in 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. I: 1-22.
A historical overview of coinage in San’a. There are no coin descriptions, but there is a series of photographs of coins from the San’a mint. I nice summary of Yemeni history bolstered by numismatic evidence.
Lowick, N. M. The Mansuri and Mahdawi Dirham: Two Additions to Sauvaire’s Materiaux. Numismatic
Chronicle Volume 143, 1983. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. IV: 121-138.
Coins of the second Rassid dynasty in the Yemen. The Mansuri dirham is the intricate six-pointed star variety of al-Mansur ‘Abd Allah (Album 1083) and the Mahdawi dirham is from al-Mahdi Ahmad (Album 1085). It includes a discussion of immobilized types.
Lowick, N. M. Fatimid Coins of Multan. Numismatic Digest, Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies, Volume VII, Parts I & II, pp. 62-69, 1983.
A description of 13 Fatimid coins from Multan. They are similar to coins of Sind.
Lowick, N. M. Monnaies des Sulaymanides de Suq Ibrahim et de Tanas (Tenes). Revue Numismatique, Vol. XXX, pp. 177-187, 1983.
Coins of the Sulaymanid dynasty struck in the mint towns of Suq Ibrahim and Tanas in Morocco. The author provides historical background and cites early publications of Sulaymanid coins in gold and silver. He then describes seven previously undescribed coins. Ther is a partial genealogy of the dynasty and enlarged photos that show up well in my photocopy.
Lowick, N. M. The Religious, the Royal and the Popular in the Figural Coinage of the Jazira. In Julian Raby, Ed., The Art of Syria and the Jazira, 1100-1250, Oxford, 1985. Reprinted 1990 in Lowick, Coinage and History of the Islamic World, pp. IX: 159-174.
An attempt to explain the derivation of figural bronzes of the Artuqids, Ayyubids, Zangids, Ilkhans and Begteginids. Largely supplanted by Spengler and Sayles.
Lowick, Nicholas M. Coinage and History of the Islamic World. Edited by Joe Cribb. Variorum, Aldershot, Great Britain, 1990.
A collection of 17 of the author’s papers, primarily on Yemeni and Mughal coinage. Each paper is annotated separately in this bibliography. The book includes a list of all of Lowick’s publications.
Lowick, Nicholas M. Early ‘Abbasid Coinage: A Type Corpus, 132-218 H/ AD 750-833. Edited by Elizabeth Savage, British Museum, Stopped in press, 1996. Photocopy.
An attempt at a compendium of gold, silver and copper coins of the first period of the Islamic Abbasid dynasty through the reign of al-Ma’mun. Legends are written out, and there are photographs of many of the coins. Apparently withdrawn from publication because of new information and multiple errors, but still useful.
Lowick, N. M., S. Bendall and P. D. Whiting. The Mardin Hoard: Islamic Countermarks on Byzantine Folles. A. H. Baldwin and Sons, Ltd., London, 1977
A description of 2,200 countermarked Byzantine coins from a hoard of unknown origin (but probably near Mardin) of 13,500 copper coins. There is a description of previous known hoards, an analysis of probable date the hoard was concealed, an description of host coins, and a description of countermarks with some assignments to dynasties. Dynasties include Zangids of Mosul, Inalids of Amid, Begtimurid, Artuqid, Dubaysid, and Zangid of Sinjar. Line drawings of countermarks and photos of many coins.
Lukonin, V. G. Kushano-Sasanidskiye Monety/ Kushano-Sasanian Coin. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVIII, pp. 16-33, 1967.
Kushan-Sasanian and Sasano-Kushan coins struck in the names of several Sasanian rulers. These are neat copper coins with Sasanian portraits and legends on the obverse, Kushan-style designs on the reverse. One has Siva with a bull. The obverse legends have the title King of Kushan. There are some nice photos of two coins and several artifacts and a Goebl-style table of crowns, altars, reverses, legends, tamgas, etc., found on the coins.
Luschin v. Ebengreuth, Arnold. Steirische Muenzfunde (Fundtabellen und Ergebnisse). Zentralkommission fuer Kunst- und historische Denkmale, Vienna, 1909. Facsimile reprint by Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1971. Reprint includes new information by Wilhelm Fritsch.
A richly illustrated description of coin hoards from the Steiermark (Styria) in Austria. Mostly silver pfennigs from the 13th and 14th centuries.
Luschin v. Ebengreuth, Arnold. Friesacher Pfennige: Beitraege zu ihrer Muenzgeschichte und zur Kenntnis ihrer Gepraege. Numismatische Zeitschrift, N.F., vol. 55, pp. 89-118, 1922; vol 56, pp. 33-144, 168-170, 1923. Bound photocopy.
The standard early reference on the silver coinage of Friesach and neighboring areas. Richly illustrated.
Luschin v. Ebengreuth, Arnold. Die Zeitfolge der stummen Friesacher Pfennige im XII. Jh. Numatische
Zeitschrift, N.F., vol. 57, pp. 97-102, 1924. Bound with Friesacher Pfennige.
Additional notes on Friesacher pfennigs.
Luschin v. Ebengreuth, Arnold. Allgemeine Muenzkunde und Geldgeschichte des Mittelalters und der Neueren Zeit. Originally published Munich and Berlin, 1926. Facsimile Reprint by Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1969.
A general discussion of coins. Includes the external appearance of coins (metal, weight, size, design, legends), manufacture of coins, the coin as an object to be collected (famous collections, cleaning, describing, counterfeits, etc.), a history of money (primitive money, monetary systems, politics of coinage), and the relationship between coins and the law. Difficult to read because of the specialized vocabulary.
Luschin v. Ebengreuth, Arnold. Das Ausklingen der Friesacher Waehrung. Numismatische Zeitschrift, N.F., vol. 60, pp. 1-9, 1927.
Additional notes on Friesacher pfennigs, particularly dealing with the end of the series.
Lutsin, Andrii Georgiiovich. Velika Rus’ - Vil’nii Ukraini. Zbruch, Ternopil’, 1999.
A Ukrainian publication on the earliest coins of Kiev. It covers the same time period as Sotnikova and Spassky. A nice publication with photos or line drawings of all known examples, typology by reign, and a good bibliography. Most of the coins are from Volodimir and Svyatopolk.
Lvov, M. A. K Metodike Izycheniya Monet Velikovo Novgorod/ On Methods of Study of Coins of Great
Novgorod. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Gosudarstvennii Istoricheskii Muzei, Part IV, Number I, pp. 28-42, 1971.
An examimation of varieties of Novgorod dengas. It includes the two-figure type and hormseman type of Ivan IV.
Lvov, M. A. Yeshche Raz k Voprosu ob Izobrazhenii na Novgorodskikh Monetakh/ More on the Question of Representations on Novgorod Coins. Proshloye Nashei Rodini v Pamyatnikakh Numizmatiki, Gosudarstvennii Ordena Lenina Ermitazh, Leningrad, pp. 11-36, 1977.
A discussion of the origin of the two-figure coins of Novgorod, robed and crowned figure to left, kneeling naked figure to right. The author summarizes the opinions of many authors as to what these figures represent and provides illustrations of other coins that have two figures on them. His conclusion is that the meaning of the figures will probably never be known.
Lvov, M. A. Opit Khronologicheskoi Sistematizatsii Vasiliya I/ A Study in the Chronological Systematization of Coins Minted under Vasily I (1389-1425). Trudi Gosudarstvenno Ordena Lenina Ermitazha XXI, Leningrad, pp. 99-105, 1981.
An attempt to establish a chronology of types issued under the reign of the Grand Prince of Moscow Vasily I. There are nice photos of 16 different types with metrological data. The results are summarized in a figure showing the presumed chronology of types.
Ma Ch’uan-te and Hus Yuan-pien. Hsien Feng Ch’uan Hu/ Comprehensive Catalogue of the Coins of Hsien Feng. Shanghai People’s Publishing Company, Shanghai, 1994.
A massive catalogue of Hsien Feng’s coinage, one cash through 1000 cash. Each of the early chapters (1-32) covers a different mint, with all known die variations of each denomination pictured and a valuation given. Chapters 33-38 appear to be various types of charms, amulets, etc. from the period. Chap. 39 has cash trees of Hsien Feng coins. Ch. 40 is known counterfeits. The rest of the book has sycee and banknotes. Very useful for finding die varieties and counterfeits to help in authenticating coins in your collection.
Ma Tok Wo. Preliminary Research on Sinkiang Copper Coins. Numismatic World Bimonthly No. 34, Taiwan, 1982. Photocopy in Chinese.
Early work on Sinkiang copper 10 cash coins. Much improved on in his book.
Ma Tok Wo. The Struck Copper Coins of Sinkiang. Hong Kong, 1988.
Chinese-language publication describing the varieties of struck copper coinage from Sinkiang, China, from late Ch’ing and early Republic years. The rubbings of coins are sufficiently clear to determine most varieties, and dates are given written in western numerals to facilitate use. Arabic and Chinese dates are noted next to the rubbings. Necessary supplement to Krause, which makes no sense out of the crossed-flags types.
Mack, R. P. The Coinage of Ancient Britain. Third Edition. Spink & Son, Ltd. and B. A. Seaby, Ltd., London, 1975.
Celtic coinage of Britain, with analysis of hoards and 33 plates. Until Van Arsdell, the standard reference.
[Mack, R. P.] The Mack Collection, Part 1. Ancient British, Anglo-Saxon and Norman Coins. Auction
Catalogue, Glendining & Co., London, 18 November, 1975.
Mack's own collection of of early British material.
Mackay, James. A History of Modern English Coinage. Henry VII to Elizabeth II. Longman, London, 1984.
A narrative history of the development of modern English coinage. Many coin types described and illustrated. Shows interaction of coinage with economics, prevailing social conditions and politics.
MacKenzie, Kenneth M. A Remarkable Altun of Mustafa II. Reprint from Spink's Numismatic Circular, p. 15, January, 1975.
The description of an Ottoman Altun struck in in Constantinople. It is notable for the arrangement of the reverse legend.
MacKenzie, Kenneth M. Abd al-Hamid I: The First Silver Coins Struck in Regnal Year One. Reprint from Spink's Numismatic Circular, pp. 290-291, June, 1979.
Changes in the toughra of the earliest coins of the Ottoman sultan (1774/1187).
MacKenzie, Kenneth M. Coins from the Islambol Mint with Comments on the Caliphate of the Ottoman
Sultanate. Reprint from Yarmouk Numismatics, Vol. 3(1), pp. 7-10, 1991.
Ottoman coinage of of the Islambol mint, a synonym for Constantinople/Istanbul.
MacKenzie, Kenneth M. Gold Coins of Suleyman the Magnificent from the Mint at Sidre Qapsi. Reprint from Nomismatika Chronika No. 10, pp. 71-80, 1991.
Ottoman gold coinage of this Greek mint during Suleyman's reign.
MacKenzie, Kenneth M. A Bilingual Souvenir Medal Commemorating the Re-establishment of the Constitution in Turkey 1908. Reprint from Nomismatika Chronika No. 12, pp. 67-69, 1993.
Description of a medal.
Mailliet, Prosper. Atlas des Monnaies Obsidionales et de Necessite and Supplement. Fr. Gobbaerts, Brussels, 1868 and 1871. Atlas and Supplements reprinted in one volume by Mercedes-Druck, Berlin.
More than 200 plates of line drawings of siege and necessity coinage of the world. Accompanies a catalogue/text published separately. A standard reference.
Mailliet, Prosper. Catalogue descriptif des Monnaies Obsidionales et de Necessite and Two Supplements. Fr. Gobbaerts, Brussels, 1870 and 1873. Catalogue and Supplements reprinted in one volume by Mercedes-Druck, Berlin.
The text and catalogue of siege and necessity coinage of the world. Describes the pieces illustrated in the Atlas published two years earlier. A standard reference.
Malek, Hodge Mehdi. The Dabuyid Ispahbads of Tabaristan. American Journal of Numismatics, vol. 5-6, pp. 105-160, 1993-1994.
History and early Islamic Arab-Sasanians in Tabaristan. Includes a nice history, a catalogue and a chronology through the coinage of Khalid.
Malloy, Alex G., Irene Fraley Preston and Arthur J. Seltman. Coins of the Crusader States. Attic Books Ltd., South Salem, New York, 1994. With separate 1994 price guide and rarity indices prepared by Alex G. Malloy.
A historical overview and most complete catalogue of coins of the medieval Crusader States (1098-1291), Kingdom of Jerusalem and its vassal states of Syria and Palestine, the Lusignan Kingdom of Cyprus (1192-1489), the Latin Empire of Constantinople and its vassal states of Greece and the Archipelago. In addition to extensive historical texts and maps, includes full descriptions of coins (with all legends), line drawings and photographic plates of most major types. Islamic coins and derivatives have full legends with transliterations and often translations. Will replace Metcalf and Schlumberger as most current reference.
Malmer, Brita. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 1. Gotland. 2. B?l-Buttle. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Lund, 1977.
Viking age coin hoards found in Sweden. Includes Islamic coins of the Umayyad, Abbasid, Saffarid, Banijurid, Samanid, Samanid rebel, Buwayhid, Wajihid, ‘Uqaylid, Hamdanid, Pseudo-Hamdanid, Volga-Bulghar, and Khazar dynasties (the latter listed as imitation Samanid). There are photographs of hundreds of coins. There are also German, Byzantine, Danish, and other European coins.
Malmer, Brita. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 16. Dalarna. 1. Falun - R?ttvik. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Lund, 1979.
Umayyad, Abbasid, Samanid, imitation Samanid (Khazar, Volga-Bulghar).
Malmer, Brita. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 1. Gotland. 3. Dalhem - Etelhem Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Lund, 1982.
Georgia, Umayyad, Abbasid, Saffarid, Samanid, Volga Bulghar, imitations of Abbasid and Samanid dirhams.
Malmer, Brita. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 1. Gotland. 4. Fardhem - Fr?jel. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Lund, 1982.
Sasanian, Abbasid, Governor in Azerbaijan, Amir al-Umara’, Arab Sasanian, Buwayhid, Ghaznavid, Hamdanid, Ikhshidid, Qarakhanid, Kharijite, Marwanid, Saffarid, Samanid, Samanid Rebel, Tahirid, Umayyad, Umayyad Rebel, ‘Uqaylid, Volga-Bulghar, Wajihid, Ziyarid, Imitation Abbasid and Samanid.
Malmer, Brita. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 8. Ostergotland. 1. Alvestad - Viby. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Stockholm, 1983.
Abbasid, Banijurid/Andarabah, Banijurid, Hamdanid, Buwayhid, Kharijite, Saffarid, Samanid, Umayyad, Volga-Bulghar. The area also had a lot of German coins.
Malmer, Brita. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 3. Skane. 1.Ahus - Gronby. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Stockholm, 1985.
Abbasid, Buwayhid, Hamdanid, Samanid, Umayyad, Volga Bolghar. Also Merovingian, Carolingian and lots of German types.
Malmer, Brita, and Lars O. Lagerqvist. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 3. Sk?ne. 4. Maglarp - Ystad. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Lund, 1987.
Abbasid, Amir al-umara, Amir of Andarabah, Buwayhid, Hamdanid, Samanid, Umayyad, Volga-Bulghar, Wajihid, Imitation Abbasid, Imitation Samanid (Khazar), Imitation Spanish-Umayyad.
Malmer, Brita, and Nils Ludvig Rasmusson. Corpus Nummorum Saeculorum IX - XI Qui in Suecia Reperti Sunt. 1. Gotland. Akeb?ck-Atlingbo. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Lund, 1975.
Abbasid, Samanid, Umayyad, Hamdanid, Buwayhid, Saffarid, Volga-Bulghar, Spanish Umayyad, Imitation Samanid (Khazar), ‘Uqaylid, imitation Abbasid, Kharijite in Tudgha (Idrisid contemporary), Tahirid.
Malyshev, A. A. Monety ‘Neizvestnovo Naroda’/ Coins of an ‘Unknown Country’. Numizmaticheskii Al’manakh, Vol. 2(17), pp. 24-27, 2001.
A brief article with decent photos on barbarous imitations of Roman coins, mostly of Marcus Aurelius with the walking Mars reverse. The author shows a map of where these coins have been found. They are from the northeast coast of the Black Sea and the Taman Peninsula.
Mandel, Edgar J. Cast Coinage of Korea. Whitman Publishing Company, Racine, Wisconsin, 1972.
The catalogue on cast cash coinage of Korea. Has multiple indices and guides for identification, explanation of the many characters, and line drawings of each coin. Essential for Korean coins.
Mandic, Ranko. Catalog of Tokens of the Yugoslav (South Slavic) Lands. Serbian Numismatic Society, Belgrade, 2001.
Tokens of Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Croatia and Slovenia, and miscellaneous and foreign tokens that circulated in these lands. The catalog follows the standard practice of listing towns of origin alphabetically within the major geographic divisions. Each token is photographed, described with diameter, weight and writing out of the legends, and priced in Euros in two grades. There is a bibliography and a good index. It is the only catalog I know on Jugoslav tokens, so I cannot say anything about its completeness.
Mansfield-Bullner, H. V. Afbildninger af samtlige hidtil kjendte Danske Monter fra Tidsrummet 1241 - 1377. Johan Chr. Holm, Copenhagen, 1974.
Line drawings of known coin types from Denmark, from the reign of Erik Plougpenning (1241) through Valdemar Atterdag (died 1375).
Maric, Ratislav. Studiye iz Srpske Numizmatike. Srpska Akademiya Nauka, Beograd, 1956.
An older reference on numismatics of Medieval Serbia. Although written in Serbian, there are extensive tables with legends written out, many plates (of mediocre quality), and illustrations in the text to aid in identifying coins. When used with Jovanovic, a useful book.
Maric, Ratislav. Serbian Coinage of the Middle Ages. The Numismatist, pp. 649-661, June, 1959. Photocopy.
A brief overview of the history and coinage of medieval Serbia from the reign of Radoslav (1227-1233) through that of Despot Lazar Djurdjevich (1456-1458). Not helpful for identification.
Markov, A. K. Inventary Katalog Musulmanskii monet... Imperatorskavo Ermitazha. St. Petersburg, 1896. Reprint London, circa 1986. In pre-reform Russian. Photocopy of selected dynasties.
Handwritten inventory of coins in the Hermitage collection of Islamic coins in St. Petersburg. There are no illustrations, and very few descriptions with complete Arabic inscriptions. Dynasties included in this excerpt are Samanid, Banijurid, Sa'lukid, Muhammed bin Abu al-Rezzak (in service of Buwayhids), Ferigunid (Samanid vassals in Balkh), Simjurid, Emir Barman (Volga Bulgar), Ghaznavid, Qarakhanid, Khaqanid, Shirvanshahs, Atabegs of Kirman (Qutlughkhanid), Sarbadar, Timurid, Qara Qoyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, Shaybanid, Great Khans (Chingizids), Golden Horde (Jujids).
Markov, A. K. Katalog Dzhelairidskikh Monet/ Catalogue of Jalayrid Coins. Sobraniye Bostochnikh Monet Imperatorskavo Ermitazha, St. Petersburg, 1897. In pre-reform Russian. Photocopy.
The only reference available with a decent treatment of Islamic Jalayrid coinage. Legends are written out linearly in the text, with many legends being incomplete because of the poor strike of the coins. Most coins are photographed, although they lose much through the photocopying. The book is organized as a history, followed by a numismatic history, followed by the catalogue.
Martinez Caleron, Andres. Quirates Almoravides Ineditos. In: A. Canto and V. Salvatierra (Eds.), IV. Jarique de Numismatica Andalusi, Universidad de Jaen, Museo Casa de la Moneda,pp. 193-211, 2000.
A beautiful account of 51 unpublished Murabitid qirats and their fractions (down to 1/8 qirat). Each coin is presented with a high-quality enlarged photograph and the legends written out in full in Arabic. A few of the examples have mints and dates, with Cordoba, Ceuta and Algeciras being represented. A very nice and useful paper.
Martyanov, V. N. and G. A. Fedorov-Davidov. Arzamasskii Klad Russkikh Monet Kontsa XIV-Nachala XV B./A Hoard of Russian Coins from the End of the 14th to the Beginning of the 15th Century found in Arzamac. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. XV, pp. 132-143, 1989.
A hoard of medieval Russian coins, including many with Arabic legends. Many line drawings and photos.
Masson, M. E. Monetniye Nokhodki, Zaregistrirovaniye v Srednei Azii v 1930 i 1931 godakh/ Coin Finds Registered in Central Asia in 1930 and 1931. Uzbekistanskii Komitet po Okhranye Pamyatnikov Material’noi Kul’tury, Number 5, pp. 5-18, 1933.
A list of some hoards found in Central Asia. Only a few have parts of coin descriptions, and there are no illustrations. The most useful is probably a group of Chaghatayid coins.
Masson, M. E. Istoricheskii Etud po Numizmatike Dzhagataidov (Po Povodu Talasskovo Klada Monet XIV v))/ Historical Studies on the Numismatics of the Chaghatayids. Pp. 41-108 In: Trudy Sredneaziatskovo Gosudarstvennovo Universiteta im. V. I. Linina, Arkheologiya Srednei Azii IV, Tashkent, 1957.
The description and analysis of almost 100 Chaghatayid coins with an in-depth history of the dynasty. There are no coin illustrations. The coins are from the reigns of Kepek through Shah Timur (AH 718-760), plus a few early Golden Horde and two of the Shahs of Badakhshan.
Masson, M. E. Kladik Samanidskikh Dirkhemov Kontsa X v. iz Progoroda Starovo Merva/ Hoards of Samanid Dirhams from the end of the 10th Century from Old Marw. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVII, pp. 101-110.
An analysis of several hoards (sans descriptions of coins) with photos of contemporary imitations from Marw from different rulers.
Masson, V. M. Vostochno-Parfyanskii Pravitel’ Sanabar/ Eastern Parthian Issues of Sanabar. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Chast’ Vtoraya, Vipusk XXVI, Trudi Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya, Moscow, pp. 34-42, 1957.
One of the classic early references on the eastern Parthian coinage of Sanabar. It includes photos and line drawings of a few types and some decent historical background.
Masson, V. M. Khorezm i Kyshany/ Khwarizm and the Kushans. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVII, pp. 79-84, 1966.
Six very interesting silver coins from Khwarizm with tamgas similar to those of Sogdian Bukhara and Tashkent (al-Shash). The coins are in the name of Arsamukh, Afrig and Vazamar.
Matsson, G. O. A group of ‘bar coins’ from Tashkend in Turkestan. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Volume III, pp. 201- 211, 1963.
An important group of bar-shaped coins and rod-like coins with flattened areas with designs from Central Asia during the Timurid and Shaybanid dynasties. There are types with geometric and/or animal designs, some with legends, some with mint names Tashkend or Bukhara.
Mattingly, Harold, and W. P. D. Stebbing. The Richborough Hoard of 'Radiates,' 1931. Numismatic Notes and Monographs, The American Numismatic Society, New York, 1938. With an appendix by Derek Allen entitled On the Relation of Sceattas to the Richborough Coins.
An analysis of a hoard of barbarous radiates found in England, with the conclusion that these imitations of Roman coins might stem from the native Celts after the retreat of the Romans. Contemporary with King Arthur, Hengist and Horsa?
Maxim, Mihai. Considerations sur la Circulations Monetaire dans les Pays Roumains et l’Empire Ottoman dans la Seconde Moitie du XVI Siecle. Revue des Etudes Sud-Est Europeennes, Volume XIII(3), pp. 407-415, 1975.
The author examined 25 Ottoman documents from the second half of the 16th Century and studies both taxation and the fluctuations in value of akches in Wallachia and Moldavia. There are no coin descriptions. It is an article about the economic relationships between the Ottoman Empire and Wallachia and Moldavia (Romania)..
Maxim, Mihai. Un Tresor d’ Aspres Turcs des XV - XVI Siecles decouvert a Bertesti, Departement de Braila. Studia et Acta Orientalia, Vol. X, pp. 89-100, 1980.
The description of a hoard of 290 Ottoman akches. The earliest was a coin of Mehmet II struck in AH 855 at Novar and the most recent was an akche of Sulayman I from Novar. The majority of the coins (269 pieces) were from the reign of Bayezid II dated AH 886 from several mints. There are no Arabic legends in the text, but several of the coins are photographed. Most of the article is a neat economic history of Romania at the time these coins were struck in an attempt to explain why so many were found in Braila from that time.
Maximov, Wladimir. Ostpreussische Notmuenzen Katalog. Privatdruck Baltika, Kalingrad, USSR.
A small booklet on tokens and Notgeld of East Prussia (Kaliningrad) from 1900-1945. It includes a lot of beer tokens, electricity and gas tokens, etc. Each piece is photographed.
Mayer, L. A. Bibliography of Moslem Numismatics, India Excepted. Second, considerable enlarged edition. Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1954. Photocopy, green Egyptian hardbound, half leather.
The most important bibliography of pre-1954 literature on Islamic dynasties. Indexed by dynasty but not by personage.
Mayer, Tobias. Sylloge Numorum Arabicorum Tuebingen. Nord- und Ostzentralasien. XVb Mittelasien II. Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Tuebingen, 1998.
More than thirty north and east central Asian mints. 616 coins. Dynasties include Ch’ing dynasty in Sinkiang, Samanid, Khwarizmshah, Chingizid, Chaghatayid, Danishmanid, Qarakhanid, Shaybanid, Abbasid, Khans of Khoqand, Kuba, Ottoman (Yaqub Beg in Kashgar), and many anonymous Mongol coins. Fantastic quality as in all of these.
Mayhew, Nicholas J. (Ed.) Coinage in the Low Countries (880-1500). The Third Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History, British Archaeological Reports International Series 54, Oxford, 1979.
An edited volume with the following articles:
D. M. Metcalf, Coinage and the rise of Flemish towns. (History and development of coinage, line drawings of coins).
Francoinse Dumas, Comparisons between the political, the economic and the monetary evolution of the north of France in the 12th century. Appears twice, French and English.
P. J. Seaby, Some coins of Stephen and Eustace and related issues of western Flanders. Coins of the English king during the post-Norman anarchy.
N. J. Mayhew, The circulation and imitation of sterlings in the Low Countries.
John H. Munro, Monetary contraction and industrial change in the late-medieval Low Countries, 1335-1500. Detailed economic analysis of the period, with breakdown of changes in cloth prices and lots of statistical analyses.
Peter Spufford, Calais and its mint: Part One
P. Woodhead, Calais and its mint: Part Two.
Mayhew, Nicholas. Coinage in France from the Dark Ages to Napoleon. Seaby, London, 1988.
An overview of the coinage of royal and feudal France from the fall of the Romans through Napoleon. A richly illustrated narrative history of coinage in the manner of Grasser or Grierson.
McCammon, A. L. T. Currencies of the Anglo-Norman Isles. Spink & Son Ltd., London, 1984.
A history of the coinage of the Channel Islands, Great Britain. Includes Gallic/Celtic, Roman, Carolingian, Normandy, French and English issues. The modern period includes tokens, coins, German occupation and currency. Well illustrated, good historical overviews. No valuations. A standard reference.
McDonald, Greg. The Pocketbook Guide to Australian Coins and Banknotes, Fifth Edition. Greg McDonald Publishing and Numismatics Pty Ltd., Terrigal, NSW, 1997.
Coins and banknotes of Australia with mintage figures, prices, and more explanatory material and detail than found in Krause.
McFadden, Roger R., John Grost and Dennis F. Marr. The Numismatic Aspects of Leprosy: Money, Medals and Miscellanea. D. C. McDonald Associates, 1993. No place of publication.
A treatment of all known numismatic references to leprosy. Includes Leper Colony money from 14 countries, award medals, benefactor's medals, anniversary medals, father Damien medals, souvenir medals, historical medals, religious medals, leprosy-related personages and miscellanea. Much explanatory and historical text, full descriptions of coins and medals. No valuations.
Medina, Antonio. Wadi Lau, Ceca Africana de los Hammudies de Malaga Muhammad al-Mahdi (438-444 H.). I. Jarique de Estudios numismaticos Hispano-arabes, Zaragoza, 1988, pp. 173-174.
A description of a dirham of Hasan of the Islamic Hammudid of Wadi Lau dynasty. Wadi Lau is in Morocco. The dynasty is likely related to the Spanish Hammudids of Malaga.
Medina Gomez, Antonio. Monedas Hispano-Musulmanas. Institut Provincial de Investigaciones y Estudios Toledanos, Diputacion Provincial de Toledo, Toledo, 1992.
A fantastic textbook introducing the history and identification of coins of Islamic Spain, including dynasties that also occupied north Africa. It has the best guides to reading the different calligraphy styles I have seen, and has lists of coin-issuing people in each dynasty. The photos of coin types are exceptional.
Mehl, Manfred. Das Papiernotgeld von Ostpreussen, Westpreussen und Posen, 1914-1923. Schriftenreihe die Münze 30, Verlag Pr?h Berlin, 1975. (Reduced photocopy)
Important Notgeld catalogue for towns in eastern Germany and Poland. Illustrated and with valuations.
Melnikova, A. S. Pskovskiye Monety XV v. Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Volume IV, pp. 222-244, 1963.
The early coinage of Pskov in medieval Russia. The text itself is a historical overview and some metrological data. The main part of the paper is a series of fold-out tables showing die linkages of obverse and reverse varieties. The foldouts are the same style as her later book on wire money of the czars.
Melnikova, A. S. Moneti Lzhedmitriya I, 1605-1606 gg/ Coins of Lzhedimitri I, 1605-1606. Noviye
Numizmaticheskiye Issledovaniya, Trudi Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya, Part 10, Moscow, pp. 6-17, 1986.
A description of the Russian wire kopeks of Lzhedimitri I (The False Dimitri). It includes line drawings of die variations showing all known die combinations. There are also photos of the coins and a few medals. This appears to be part of the work done for the author’s later book on Russian wire money.
Melnikova, A. S. Russian Coinage from Ivan the Terrible to Peter the Great, 1533-1682: History of the Russian Monetary System. Published by Finance and Statistics, Moscow, 1989. In Russian.
An extensive catalogue and history of wire kopeks from medieval Russia. The historical information is in Russian, but there are 43 plates of coins and a foldout table that is a key to identification of types by Tsar. The best so far at identifying types. Includes all varieties of reverse legends and obverse designs. The table also gives approximate dates for each combination of obverse and reverse.
Melnikova, A. S. Bulat i Zlato/Sword and Gold. Molodaya Gvardiya, Moscow, 1990.
A popular paperback for lay people basically explaining the history of Russia as told by its coins. It has really nice drawings throughout of coins, weapons, artifacts, and people. The Russian looks especially easy to read.
Melnikova, A. S., and O. S. Dyadchenko. Monetniye Kladi: Svodka Kladov i Svedenii o Naxodkakh.
Gosudarstvennii Istoricheskii Muzei, Moscow, 1994.
A list of hoards of Russian coins. There are lists of hoards dated to particular rulers and lists by region where the coins were found. There are no illustrations and no description of coins, but there are bibliographic references to where some of the hoards are published and analyzed.
Melnikova, A. S., V. V. Uzdenikov and I S. Shikanova. Denn’gi v Rossii: Istoriya Russkovo Denezhnovo Khozyaistva s Drevneishikh vremen do 1917 g./ Coins in Russia: History of Russian Monetary Economy from Ancient Times until 1917. Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Muzei, Izdatel’stvo Strelits, Moscow, 2000.
A nice museum publication of the history of Russian coinage. It is a beautifully illustrated narrative of the development of coinage in Russia, beginning with early coins of Kiev and the Taman peninsula, Umayyad, Abbasid dynasties, Grivnas, the Golden Horde, Russian principalities, and coins of the Czars through 1917. Excellent and informative.
Menadier, Julius. Die Aachener Muenzen. W. Pormetter, Berlin, 1913.
The coinage of Aachen, Germany, from Charlemagne through the 19th century. Important seat of the Holy Roman Empire.
Menzel, Peter. Deutsche Notmuenzen und sonstige Geldersatzmarken, 1873-1932. Transpress VEB Verlag fuer Verkehrswesen, Berlin, 1982.
This looks like one of the most important books to have for German Notgeld. It seems to have the most complete listing of types with the best overall descriptions and is the only catalogue in my library that actually includes photos of hundreds of different coins.
Merseburger, Otto. Sammlung Otto Merseburger umfassend Muenzen und Medaillen von Sachsen. Albertinische und Ernestinische Linie. Verlag Zschiesche & Koeder, Leipzig, 1894.
The standard source of catalogue numbers for coins of Saxony. The book is an auction catalogue of 4689 lots, with only two plates.
Meshorer, Ya’akov. A Treasury of Jewish Coins from the Persian Period to Bar Kokhba. Yad Ben-Zvi Press, Jerusalem, 2001.
An update of the author’s earlier works on Jewish coinage. The text provides very detailed histories of both the times and the coinage, and there are high-quality photos of coins throughout. There is also a good catalogue with plates at the end. The most recent coins are the Judea Capta issues under Domitian. Very high-quality production, with heavy glossy stock. Perfect for the novice, but with much good information for the specialist as well.
Metcalf, D. M. The Coinage of South Germany in the Thirteenth Century. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1961.
An essay on coins of southern Germany, Switzerland and Austria, including Regensburg, Niederbayern, Swabia, Munich, Augsburg, Freising, Konstanz, Basel, Zuerich, Friesach, St. Veit, Vienna, and the Danube.
Metcalf, D. M. Coinage in the Balkans, 820-1355. Argonaut Publishers, Chicago, 1966.
An earlier work on the coinage of Byzantium, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Bosnia, and feudal Greece. More of a history than a means of identification. Some plates.
Metcalf, D. M. A Stylistic Analysis of the 'Porcupine' Sceattas. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Volume VI, pp. 179-205, 1966. Photocopy.
An extensive scholarly discussion of the eigth century sceats of Anglo-Saxon England and Frisia. He concludes that varieties represent geographic rather than temporal variants. His classification scheme is reflected in Seaby and Grierson.
Metcalf, D. M. A Hoard of “Porcupine” Sceattas. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 15, pp. 101-118, 1969.
A detailed analysis of variation in Frisian porcupine sceats of unknown provenance. These sceats circulated in Anglo-Saxon England. 35 different coins were described.
Metcalf, D. M. Coinage in South-Eastern Europe, 820-1396. Special Publication No. 11 of the Royal Numismatic Society, London, 1979.
An updated, expanded and revised version of his earlier book on Balkan coinage. Includes Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Wallachia, Dalmatia, Byzantium, Arab Crete, and feudal Greece. Many more coins plated than in earlier book, but still more a history than a key to identification.
Metcalf, D. M. Coinage of the Crusades and the Latin East in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Royal
Numismatic Society Special Publication No. 15, London, 1983.
The only comprehensive monograph of the Crusades and the Latin East since Schlumberger. It includes descriptions of the coins of Lucca, Valence, and elsewhere that circulated in the Latin East. There is a good historical overview with maps, a checklist of hoards, and 36 plates of photographs.
Meyer, Hans. Das Deutsche Notgeld. Private Notmuenzen, 1915-1923. Heft 8, West- und Sueddeutschland (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hessen, Pfalz, Saarland, Baden, Wuerttemberg, Elsass, Lothringen und Bayern. Buchdruckerei Erich Proeh, Berlin, 1971.
Part of the same series as Jensen. Private issues of cities in Germany. No illustrations.
Meyer, Hans. Katalog der Franzoesischen Notmuenzen aus der Zeit des ersten Weltdrieges bis etwa 1931. Verlag Proeh, Berlin, 1977.
A nice catalogue of Notgeld from France, arranged alphabetically by city. At least one photo for each city. With valuations.
Mignolet, Andre. Les Monnaies des Princes-Eveques de Liege, 1482-1792. Numismatic Pocket No. 15, De Mey, Brussels, 1973.
The coinage of the bishopric of Liege, Belgium.
Mihailovic, Vojislav. Novac Srpskih Velikasa iz Vremena Carstva/ The Coinage of the Serbian Regional Lords During the Time of the Empire. Monograph Number 9, City of Belgrade Museum, Belgrade, 2000.
This is numismatic history, not a catalogue. Each chapter is very nicely illustrated with enlarged photos and the occasional line drawing. Although written in Serbo-Croatian, there is enough of an English summary after each chapter to make the book useful for those who don’t read Serbian. The legends of the coins can be found in the text (but not the summaries). It is a really good book that attempts to clear up the attribution of many of the coins of the period.
Mikhailov, Aleksandr. K Voprosu o Datirovke Bosporskikh Mednykh Monet III-II vv. do N. E./ On the Question of Dating Bosporus Copper Coins of the 3rd - 2nd Centuries BC. Numismatika i Faleristika, 1997(1), pp. 4-13.
The author constucted a sequence of coin types from Pantikapaion and Fanagoria based on the fact that many of the coins were overstruck on previous issues. There is a nice catalogue with enlarged photos. A nice supplement to Anokhin’s work.
Miles, George C. The Coinage of the Kakwayhid Dynasty. Iraq, Volume 5, pp. 89-104, 1938. Photocopy.
A summary of ten new coins of the Kakwayhid dynasty of 11th century Iran, a summary of all known types, dates and mints, a historical overview of the dynasty, and a note on the mints.
Miles, George C. The Numismatic History of Rayy. Numismatic Studies No. 2, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1938. Photocopy.
The coinage of Rayy, also know as al-MMuhammadiyah, in Iran. Includes Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Samanid, Buyid/Buwayhid, Ghaznavid, Seljuq, and Ilkhan coinage. Arabic legends given in full where known. Good historical notes throughout.
Miles, George C. The Ayyubid Dynasty of the Yaman and their Coinage. Numismatic Chronicle, Fifth Series, Vol. XIX, pp. 62-97, 1939. (Original Reprint from the Journal).
The description of 68 dirhams struck by the Ayyubid branch in the Yemen. Full coin descriptions and a good history of this period of history in the south Arabian peninsula.
Miles, George C. Early Arabic Glass Weights and Stamps. Numismatic Notes and Monographs, No. 111, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1948.
A description of 220 Umayyad and Abbasid glass weights and vessel stamps in the ANS collection. There is a long introductory chapter on the types, epigraphy and metrology of the objects, followed by a chapter by Frederick R. Matson on The Manufacture of Eighth-Century Egyptian Glass Weights and Stamps. The catalogue is followed by a good bibliography, index of Arabic inscriptions, and very nice photographic plates. This was the author’s first major contribution to the study of Islamic metrology based on glass weights and stamps to which he later added two supplements.
Miles, George C. Rare Islamic Coins. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 118, American Numismatic
Society, New York, 1950.
Rare Arab-Sasanian, Arab-Bukharan, Arab-Byzantine, Umayyad and Abbasid coins in the ANS collection. All are described with Arabic legends written out and photographs. It is a good addition to works like Walker.
Miles, George C. The Coinage of the Umayyads of Spain. Hispanic Numismatic Series Monograph Number I, Parts One and Two, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1950.
An extensive survey of the early Islamic coinage of medieval Spain (716-912). All legends written out, chapters on translations, historical context, metrology, minting techniques, etc. Many subtypes based on wide variation in ornamentation, with an index based on ornamentation. The standard reference.
Miles, George C. Fatimid Coins in the Collections of the University Museum, Philadelphia, and the American Numismatic Society. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 121. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1951.
A listing of coins with many photographs issued by the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt, Syria and Sicily. Some descriptions include legends written out in Arabic, but not translated. There is a list of Fatimid mints with known dates that they were in operation.
Miles, George C. The Coinage of the Visigoths of Spain -Leovigild to Achila II. Hispanic Numismatic Series Monograph Number II, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1952.
A comprehensive corpus of the coins of medieval Spain from 568-714. Records almost 3500 known specimens. Includes historical and biographical notes, analyses of the evolution and distribution of types, detailed descriptions of every coin, and extensive photographic plates. The standard reference.
Miles, George C. Coins of the Spanish Muluk al-Tawa'if. Hispanic Numismatic Series Monograph Number III, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1954.
Coins of the Islamic successors to the Umayyads in Spain, 5th/11th century. Based on collection in the ANS and the Hispanic Society of America. Full coin descriptions with Arabic inscriptions, but no transliterations or translations. Nice plates.
Miles, George C. The Early Islamic Bronze Coinage of Egypt. In Harald Ingholt, Centennial Publication of the American Numismatic Society, New York, 1958, pp. 471-502.
Fantastic article on Islamic coppers from Egypt. Covers Umayyad, Abbasid, and Tulunid coins. Legends are completely written out. There is one nice page of photos.
Miles, George C. Contributions to Arabic Metrology. I. Early Arabic Glass Weights and Measure Stamps Acquired by the American Numismatic Society, 1951-1956. ANS Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 141, ANS, New York, 1958.
A description of almost 300 weights and stamps in the ANS collection. Many are photographed. There are complete descriptions of the legends and detailed discussions of who issued the different pieces and why.
Miles, George C. Excavation Coins from the Persepolis Region. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 143, American Numismatic Society, New York, 1959.
Many coins found in several excavation sites in Persepolis, the most being from one in Istakhr. Include Macedon, Persis, Elymais, Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian (silver and bronze), Byzantine, Umayyad (Istakhr, Sabur, Shiraz, Wasit, no mint), Abbasid Revolutionary, Abbasid (Arrajan, Ardashir Khurrah, Istakhr, al-Ahwaz, al-‘Abbasiya, Biramqubadh, Madinat Balkh, Tawwaj, Jayy, Sabur, Samarqand, Shiraz, Fars, Fasa, Kurat al-Mahdiyah min Fars, al-Muhammadiya, Madinat al-Salam, Ma’din al-Shash, Wasit), Samanid, Buwayhid, Seljuq, Ilkhan, Civic copper of Isfahan and Shiraz, Qajar, Muzaffarid, Timurid. Good descriptions of coins, all photographed. Includes photos of the excavation sites.
Miles, George C. Some New Light on the History of Kirman in the First Century of the Hijrah. Pp. 85-98, In: James Kritzeck and R. Bayly Winder (Eds.), The World of Islam: Studies in Honour of Philip K. Hitti. MacMillan & Co. Ltd., London, 1959.
The history of Kirman as told by Arab-Sasanian and early Umayyad coinage. It includes several coins that were not known to Walker in his study of Arab-Sasanian coinage. The earliest undisputed date of coins with the mint name Kirman is AH 58 in the name of ‘Ubaydulla ibn Ziyad, Governor under the Caliph Yazid (died AH 64). The counter-caliph ‘Abdullah ibn Zubayr took possession in AH 62. The author explains the personages on successive issues until Islamic dirhams of Kirman after the reform of ‘Abd al-Malik were struck. Interesting example of coins being used to establish historical timelines. Good plates and descriptions of previously undescribed coins.
Miles, George C. Notes on Kakwayhid Coins. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. IX, pp. 231- 236, 1960. Photocopy.
Additions and corrections to earlier work on the Kakwayhid dynasty of 11th century Iran.
Miles, George C. Contributions to Arabic Metrology. II. Early Arabic Glass Weights and Vessel Stamps in the Benaki Museum, Athens, and the Peter Ruthven Collection, Ann Arbor. ANS Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 150, ANS, New York, 1963.
A continuation of his project begun in 1958 with descriptions of almost 150 weights and stamps from two other collections.
Miles, George C. The Circulation of Islamic Coinage of the 8th - 12th Centuries in Greece. Proceedings of the Congresso Internazionale di Numismatica, Vol. II, pp. 485-498, 1965. Offprint.
A discussion of Islamic coins found in Corinth and Crete. There are no coin descriptions, just a history.
Miles, George C. Al-Mahdi al-Haqq, Amir al-Muminin. Revue Numismatique, pp. 329-341, 1965. Photocopy.
Three dirhams with no mint or date believed to have been struck by Abbasid revolutionaries during the time of Harun al-Rashid or al-Ma’mun.
Miles, George C. A Hoard of Kakwayhid Dirhems. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. XII, pp. 165-193, 1966. Photocopy.
A description of a hoard of 45 coins of the Kakwayhid dynasty of 11th century Iran. There is a good summary of all the personal names found on the coins and of the mints and dates found in the hoard.
Miles, George C. Some Hoards of Crusader Bezants. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes No. 13, pp. 189-203, 1967.
An analysis of Arabic-type gold Bezants from the Crusaders. The work is based on the content of several hoards.
Miles, George C. The Earliest Arab Gold Coinage. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes No. 13, pp. 205-239. 1967.
A nice study of Arab-Byzantine gold coinage up to the time of ‘Abd al-Malik’s reforms.
Miles, George C. The Coinage of the Arab Amirs of Crete. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 160.
American Numismatic Society, New York, 1970.
The coinage of the Islamic Emirs of Crete, ca. 820-961. Pulls together all known information at the time, with coins grouped by numismatic types. Chronologies, where given, are only approximate. All coins fully described with Arabic legends written out. Most photographed. Standard work on this area.
Miles, George C. Tresor de Dirhems du IXe Siecle. Memoires de la Mission Archeologique en Iran, vol. 37, pp. 67-145, 1970. Photocopy.
A description of a massive hoard of 9th century Islamic coins. Includes 'Abbasid, Zanj Rebellion, Saffarid, Dulafid, Tahirid and Hasanwayhid.
Miles, George C. The Coinage of the Bawandids of Tabaristan. In: C. E. Bosworth (ed.), Iran and Islam, in Memory of the Late Vladimir Minorsky, Edinburgh University Press, pp. 443-460, 1971.
The Islamic Bavanidid dynasty. Includes full descriptions of coins with photos.
Miles, George C. Additions to Zambaur's Muenzpraegungen des Islams. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 17, pp. 229-233, 1971.
A list of 55 mints not found in Zambaur, with brief bibliographic references and mention of the dynasties which issued coins from those mints.
Miles, George C. Coinage of the Ziyarid Dynasty of Tabaristan and Gurgan. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 18, pp. 119-137, 1972.
History and coinage of the Islamic Ziyarids. There are descriptions of new coin types and an attempt at a full listing of all known coins of the dynasty with references to other literature and collections.
Miles, George C. Another Kakwayhid Note. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes Vol. 18, pp. 139-148, 1972. Photocopy.
More additions to our knowledge of the Kakwayhid dynasty of 11th century Iran.
Miles, George C. Coins of the Assassins of Alamut. Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica, Vol. 3, pp. 155-162, 1972. Photocopy
The coinage of Muhammad bin Buzurgumid of the Islamic Assassins.
Millies, H. C. Recherches sur les Monnaies des Indigenes de l’Archipel Indien et de la Peninsule Malaie. Martinus Nijhoff, La Haye, 1871. Photocopy.
One of the classic works on medieval coinage of Indonesia and Malaysia. It includes Java (with a large group of temple tokens), Sumatra, Chinese colonies on Bangka, Malay Peninsula (Kedah,Oudjong Salang), Johor, Trengganu, Patani, Sanggora, Borneo, Celebes, and others. It has good plates of the little gold coins from Atcheh.
Milstein, Rachel. A Hoard of Early Arab Figurative Coins. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog, Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 3-26, 1988-1989.
The description of 158 Arab-Byzantine coins, a part of a hoard, with imperial figures on them. One major group has no mint, the others have the mint name Dimashq (Damascus) in either Greek or Arabic. She has done a meticulous job of determining the number of dies and included drawings of the major distinctions among types and dies. There are good photos of many of the coins.
Mitchiner, Michael. The Multiple Dirhems of Medieval Afghanistan. Hawkins Publications, London, 1973.
The book covers primarily the Samanid and Ghaznavid dynasties and the governors of Khorasan. Very detailed treatment with translations of legends and many plates.
Mitchiner, Michael. The Early Coinage of Central Asia. Hawkins Publications, London, 1973.
Introduction and history of numismatics of ancient Central Asia. Includes Dahai in Choresmia, Sogdian, Yueh Chi, Kushan, Graeco-Saka. Not a comprehensive catalog. Good series of maps, detailed history and geography, decent plates.
Mitchiner, Michael. Oriental Coins and their Values. I. The World of Islam. Hawkins Publications, London, 1977. Reprinted 1998.
A collection of over 4,000 Islamic and related coins (including India). Each coin is photographed, and some legends are written out in Arabic. Said to contain many errors, but still the best single collection of Islamic coins to use as a photographic reference.
Mitchiner, Michael. Oriental Coins and their Values. II. The Ancient and Classical World, 600 B.C. - A.D. 650. Hawkins Publications, London, 1978.
A collection of over 5500 ancient and classical Oriental coins. Every piece is photographed, and many legends are written out. Fantastic collection.
Mitchiner, Michael. Oriental Coins and their Values. III. Non-Islamic States an Western Colonies, AD 600- 1979. Hawkins Publications, London, 1979.
A comprehensive catalogue and historical treatment of the coinage of India, Ceylon, Nepal, the Himalayas, Southeast Asia, China, Korea, Vietnam and Japan. Almost 5,000 coins illustrated. There is a detailed history accompanying each coin-issuing entity. Valuations are from 1979.
Mochiri, Malek Iradj. Etudes de Numismatique Iranienne sous les Sassanides, Tome 1. Bibliotheque Nationale a Teheran, 1972.
A weird little book that has a coin of Khusru III and a discussion of some of the mints of the Sasanian Empire. There are decent photos of coins and the variations in how mint names are written is discussed well for the few mints that are included.
Mochiri, Muhammad. Sikke-ha-i Shah-i Ismai’il Evvel/Coinage of Shah Ismail I Safavi. Teheran, 1351/1972.
A short booklet covering the coinage of one of the first Shahs of Iran, the Safavid Ismail I. It has lists of legends found on the coins, titles, and a few mediocre black and white photos of Safavid coins with legends written out. In Persian.
Molchanov, A. A. Unikal’naya Moneta 919/1513-1514 g. Sheibanida Ubaidallakha/ A unique coin from
919/1513-1514 of the Shaybanid Ubayd Allah. Bartol’dovskiye Chteniya, God Desyatii, pp. 67-69, 1993.
A brief desription of a very rare Shaybanid tanka of Ubayd Allah from AH 919, more than 20 years before he assumed power. The period AH 919-924 was apparently a time of significant political unrest in Central Asia in the Timurid and Shaybanid dynasties.
Molchanov, A. A. Coins of Khorezm of the rule of Dzhunaid Khan (1918-1920) Journal of the Russian
Numismatic Society, Number 59, pp. 21-26, 1996.
A description (without illustrations) of the Khanate of Khiva coinage of Junaid Khan, Khwarizm mint. Most of the coinage is dated AH 1337-1338 (20th Century).
Molchanov, A. A. Dinastiya Mutidov v Ispidzhabe X - nach. XI v./ The Mutid Dynasty in Ispijab in the 10th - beginning of the 11th Century. Tret’ya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentziya, Moscow, pp. 7-8, 1995.
A list of the rulers of the Mutid dynasty, considered by Steve Album to be the early Qarakhanid rulers. Although Molchanov says they were from Ispijab, the most common mints encountered (according to Album) are Uzkand, Urdu, Akhsikath and others.
Molchanov, A. A. Coin Finds of the Empire of Trebizond on the North Coast of the Black Sea. Selected Papers, XVIIIth International Congress of Byzantine Studies, Byzantine Studies Press, pp. 258-261, 1996.
Most Trebizond coinage has been found in the Caucasus. The author outlines several finds in the north Black Sea and Azov Sea area of Trebizond coins from all Trebizond emperors known to have struck coins. Some of the types were previously unknown.
Molchanov, A. A. Monetnyi Chekan Khorezma v Pravleniye Dzhunaid-Khana (1337 i 1338 gg.kh)/ Coins Struck in Khwarizm during the Reign of Junaid Khan (1337 and 1338 AH). Pp. 108-119, In: A. S. Belyakov and A. A. Molchanov, Numizmatika v Istoricheskom Muzee, Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya, Numizmaticheskii Sbornik Chast’ 14, Moscow, 2001.
A nice article with good line drawings of varieties of silver and brass coins struck in the Khwarizm (listed under Khanate of Khiva in Krause). These are the types with the sun above a horizontal line on the obverse. Denominations are 1, 2 or 2 ½, 5 and 15 Tengas.
Molchanov, A. A. Novye Dannye o Monetnom Chekane Dzhafaridov (Dirkhem Tiflisskovo Emira Dzhafara ibn Mansura 374 g.kh.). Pp. 93-95 In: Gaiduiov, P. G. (Ed.) Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Bypusk 138, Numismaticheskii Sbornik GIM, Tom XVI, Moscow, 2003.
Description of a dirham of Tiflis, AH 374, struck by the Ja’farid ruler Ja’far b. Mansur.
Molnar, Jozsef. A Csaszarkori Pannonia K?zigazgatasi Kerdesei Gazdasaga es Penzei/ Imperial Roman Coins
and their Circulation in Hungary. Gy?r, 1998.
An introduction to Roman coinage with emphasis on Hungary. It has wonderful line drawings of different figures found on reverses and of portraits of each ruler. There are tables of mint abbreviations and titles and relationships of the coin-issuing entities, maps, and other guides to identifying Roman coins. It would help to read Hungarian!
Moquette, J. P. De Munten van Nederlandsch-Indie. A series of fourteen articles in Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Volumes XLIX, XL, 1907-1910. Photocopies.
A detailed treatise of the coinage struck by the Netherlands in Indonesia. Line drawings of coins show many varieties found nowhere else.
Mora Serrano. Estudio de Moneda Hammudi en Malaga. El Hallazgo de Dirhames de Ardales. Universidad de Malaga, No Date.
The description of a hoard of 449 dirhams and fragments thereof found in Ardales. The coins were Umayyad Spain and Hammudid of Malaga (Ceuta/Sabta and al-Andalus mints), with most being from the Hammudids. The booklet has a lot of metrological information, no coin descriptions, and four plates of coins.
Morard, Nicolas, Erich B. Cahn and Charles Villard. Monnaies de Fribourg/Freiburger Muenzen. Banque de l’etat de Fribourg/ Freiburger Staatsbank, Fribourg, 1969.
A nice bank publication published on the occasion of the bank’s 75th anniversary. The coinage of the Canton of Fribourg began in the early 15th century. The catalogue includes 88 coins from the earliest issues struck in Fribourg until 1846. There is a detailed monetary history of Fribourg. The history is in French, the catalogue in French and German. The plates of coins are very high quality, and the entire book is published on a high-quality glossy stock. Another example of why I like bank publications.
Morgan, Jacques de. Manuel de Numismatique Orientale de l'Antiquite et du Moyen Age. Tome I. Originally Published Paris, 1923-1936. Reprinted by Obol International, Chicago, 1979.
This first volume covers pre-Islamic coinage, including ancient Persia, Phoenicia, Seleucids, Arsacids, Parthians, Mesopotamia, Syria, Arabia, Sasanians, early India, Hephthalites, Indo-Sasanians and Kushans. Lots of illustrations in text. Gives many ancient alphabets and transliterations. Hundreds of coin types described. A classic early work.
Morgan, Jacques de. Ancient Persian Numismatics - Elymais. Originally published Paris, 1930. Reprint by Attic Books, Ltd. New York, 1976.
History and coinage of Elymais, a semi-independent offshoot of the Parthians. It covers more than what is found in Sear or in de Morgan’s Manuel de Numismatique Orientale, although all three books used in combination seem to be best. The photos are good enough to make identification easier. This book shows how the coppers with the pattern of dashes on the reverse are really degraded portraits of Hermaeus.
Mort, S. R. Coins of the Hapsburg Emperors and Related Issues, 1619-1919. The Hawthorne Press, Melbourne, Australia, 1959.
This is an aid to identification, not a catalogue. It includes historical notes, a section on provinces and mints, an exhaustive list of mint marks, weight standards, and a list of types and denominations by ruler, mint and year. There are sections on legends and mottoes, with a key to abbreviations and translations, a glossary of numismatic terms, and a guide to heraldic devices.
Morton, A. H. An Iranian Hoard of Forged Dirhams. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Volume XV, pp. 155-168, 1975.
An interesting hoard of contempory forgeries of Abbasid dirhams. Of particular interest is one from Madinat Samarqand dated AH 199, which Tabataba’i mistakenly attributed to al-Shash in his work. This was important in my work with al-Shash copper in establishing a list of early coins in all metals from that mint.
Mosher, Stuart. Coin Mottoes and their Translations. Reprinted from The Numismatist, 1948.
Translations of legends on coins.
Moshnyagin, D. I. and A. B. Zhuk. Moneti Stran Zarubezhnoi Azii i Afriki, XIX-XX Veka/ Coins of the Foreign Countries of Asia and Africa, 19th - 20th Centuries. Izdatel’stvo “Nayka” Glavnaya Redaktsiya Vostochnoi Literaturi, Moscow, 1967.
An interesting, well-illustrated Russian publication on recent coins of Asia and Africa. It does not have the Islamic khanates of Central Asia. A Russian version of Craig or Yeoman.
Motos Guirao, Encarnacion and Amador Diaz Garcia. Hallazgo en Tignar (Granada) de Feluses de tipo Al-Aglab de finales del Emirato. II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 163-176, 1988.
A hoard of fulus of Spanish Umayyads. Line drawings of the coins, some legends written out.
Mousheghian, Kh A. Neizdannyi Ekzemplar Zolotoi Monety Rubenidov/ Unknown Examples of Gold Coins of the Roupenids. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XX, pp. 95-96, 1971.
Eight gold coins from Armenia. Six were from Levon I, and one each from Hetoum I and Constantin I. The Armenian legends are written out and one of the coins of Levon I is photographed.
Mousheghian, Khatchatur, Anahit Mousheghian, Cecile Bresc, Georges Depeyrot, and Francois Gurnet. History and Coin Finds in Armenia: Coins from Duin, Capital of Armenia (4 -13th c.), Inventory of Byzantine and Sasanian Coins in Armenia (6 -7th c.). Collection Moneta 18, Wetteren, Belgium, 2000.
A desription of coins found in hoards around Duin. Although many other dynasties and periods are represented, the ones with the most frequent occurrences are Sasanian, Byzantine, Umayyad, Abbasid, Ildegizid, Seljuq Iraq, Bagratid (Georgia), and Rum Seljuq. The Ildegizid and Seljuq Iraq portions are especially important. There are coin descriptions in the text with Arabic legends written out. Illustrations are rubbings for the most part. Photos sure would have been nice! There are great maps.
Mowery, Thomas E. One Cash Coins of China’s Manchu Dynasty, 1644-1911. Fortmeyer and Lang, St. Paul, Minn, 1972.
An identification and price guide (in five grades) of Ch’ing dynasty one-cash coins. The only drawback is that it does not give the full name of the mints, only the translation of the Chinese and Mongol characters for the mints. Hence Fu, but not Fukien, etc.
Mubarek, Ghalib. Meskukat-i Kadime-i Islamiye Katalogu, Muluku Cengiziye ve Ilkhaniye ve Celairiye ve Kirim Hanlari. Catalogue of Coins in the Imperial Ottoman Museum, Part 3. Constantinople, 1318/1900. Photocopy, green Egyptian hard-bound, half-leather.
Catalogue of the coins of the Great Mongols (Chingizid), Ilkhan, Jalayrid and Giray Khans. Legends written out.
Mueller, L., C. T. Falbe and J. Chr. Lindberg. Numismatique de l’Ancienne Afrique, Vol. 1-3, supplement. Originally published Copenhagen, 1860-1874. Reprinted by Obol International, Chicago, 1977.
Ancient Greek (mostly) and Roman coinage from Africa. Each section begins with a historical overview of a region, which is then followed by an overview of the coinage. Coins are fully described with legends written out and are accompanied by line drawings. A decent introduction to both the history and the coinage. In French.
Mueller-Jahncke, Wolf-Dieter and Franz-Eugen Volz. Die Muenzen und Medaillen der graeflichen Haeuser Sayn mit landesgeschichtlichen Beitraegen von Jost Kloft nebst einem Anhang Die Muenzen und Medaillen des graeflichen Hauses Hatzfeldt. Numismatischer Verlag P. N. Schulten, Frankfurt am Main, 1975.
The coins and medals of the German counts of the House of Sayn (1139-1799) and the House of Hatzfeldt (1354-1794). Includes historical overviews and catalogues.
Muhametshin, D. G. Monety Mokhshi iz Fondov Bolgarskovo Gosudarstvennovo Istoriko-Arkhitekturnovo Zapovednika/ Coins of Mohshi from the Collection of the Bolgar State Historical-Architectural Reserve. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 50-55, 2000.
Fourteen different coin types from the Mohshi/Mohsi mint. Coin descriptions in the text include only Russian translations of the Arabic legends. There are good line drawings of each coin.
Muhammadiev, A. G. Klad Tatarskikh Monet XIV v. Drevnosti Vostochnoi Yevropi, pp. 147-155, Moscow, 1969.
The description of a hoard of early Golden Horde dirhams. There are no coin descriptions. Most of the coins were from the reigns of Muhammad Uzbek and Jani Beg, Saray, Saray al-Jadida, and Bulghar al-Mahrusa mints.
Muhammadiev, A. G. Ob Obrezannikh Monetakh v Volzhskoi Bolgarii v Kontse XIV b. (Malo-Atryasinskii Klad)/Clipped coins of the Volga Bulgars at the end of the 14th Century (Malo-Atryasinskii Hoard). Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. VIII, pp. 53-66, 1970.
An analysis of a hoard of coins of the Islamic Golden Horde (Jujid) dynasty.
Muhammadiev, A. G. Den’gi, Denezhnaya Terminologiya i Denezhnii Schet Bulgara v Predmongol’skii Period/ Coins, Monetary Terminology and Monetary System in the Bulgar State prior to the Invasion of the Mongols. Sovyetskaya Arkheologiya 1972(2), pp. 63-72, 1972.
A description of circulation of Volga-Bulghar coins. It mentions some names found on silver dirhams, but is mostly text not focused on coin descriptions.
Muhammadiev, A. G. Bulgaro-Tatarskaya Monetnaya Sistema, XII-XV BB. (Bulgaro-Tatar Monetary System, 12th-15th Centuries). Published by the Academy of Science of the USSR, Kazan Branch, Moscow, 1983. In Russian.
A treatise primarily on Islamic Golden Horde and earlier coinage of the Volga region of Russia and of western Kazakhstan. Not organized as a corpus, but searching for references to plates in text can assist with reading the coins. Includes many scarcer rulers not listed in Album's check list and many photos of the early anonymous coinage. Decent plates.
Muhammadiev, A. G. Drevniye Monety Povolzh’ya/Ancient Coins of the Volga Region. Tatarskoye Knizhnoye Izdatel’stvo, Kazan, 1990.
A treatise on the Sasanian, Khwarizm, Kazan and Volga-Bulghar coins (including imitations of Samanid coins) from the Volga region. The book is a detailed numismatic history, not a catalogue. There are plates of coins and descriptions of some coins in the text.
Munzel, Kurt. Erg?nzungung zu den Dirhems des Rum-Seldschuken Kai-Ka’us II. Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte, Volume XXVII, pp. 93-94, 1977.
In an earlier article, the author had shown 11 distinct die varieties of dirhams of the Rum Seljuq Kayka’us II struck in the year AH 658. This article addes six more variants to the inventory, four from Konya and two from Lulua.
Munzel, Kurt. Ein Fund frühsafawidischer Münzen. Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte, Volume XXVII, pp. 95-120, 1977.
The description of 37 Ashrafis of the Safavid dynasty from an undetermined find spot. All but one were issues of Isma’il I, while the other was from his successor, Tahmasp I. The coins were from several mints, Ruha, Khatabirt, Nachjawan, Tabriz, Na’in, Damavand, Yazd, Kashan, Abarquh, Herat and Sughd. All are nicely described and photographed, although the photos, while of good quality, are reduced in size. The paper could actually be a great help in reading the coins of Isma’il.
Munzel, Kurt. Fada - eine islamische Münzst?tte? Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte, Volume 28/29, pp. 139-140, 1978/1979.
Zambaur refers to coins from the mint Fada at an unknown location. The author examines a coin with this mint name and concludes that the correct reading is Amul.
Munzel, Kurt. ‘Abd amir al-mu’minin, ein Titel auf einem mittelalterlichen Siegelstein. Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte, Volume 28/29, pp. 141-142, 1978/1979.
The title, translated as Servant of the Commander of the Faithful, accompanies the names Yusuf b. Yaqub and Isma’il b. Musa on the seal of a seal ring. The author gives several possibilities as to whom the amir al-muminin refers, and raises the possibility of its being the Ghaznavid Mahmud b. Sebuktegin, a Buwayhid, or possibly one of the Fatimid rulers.
Murchison, Del S. Standard Catalogue of Iranian Coins. ARM Publications, Mississauga, Ontario, 1995. Number 13 of 200 copies, signed by author.
A catalogue of transitional and milled coinage of Iran. There is good introductory material. Each coin is illustrated, and legends are transliterated and translated. The original Persian is not written out. Gives mintages and values in several grades.
Murphy, Paul. Kosala State Region, c. 600-470 BC, Silver Punchmarked Coinage. Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies, Mumbai, 2001.
Ancient coinage from the Ganges plain. The book is a comprehensive catalogue and historical overview. The coins are arranged by series and group in tabular form, with the four symbols illustrated in each of four columns. The photos are good, and there is a table of the various symbols with references back to the catalogue. Excellent reference for the series.
Murthy, A. V. Narasimha. The Coins of Karnataka. Geetha Book House, Mysore, 1975.
South Indian coinage from ancient Punchmark coinage through issues of Mysore in the 19th Century. Includes pre-Mauryan, Mauryan, Maharathi, Ananda, Satavahana, Roman coinage, Rashtrakuta, Chalukyas, Kalachuri, Hoysala, Sevunas of Devagiri, Kadambas of Goa and Hangal, Alupas, Vijayanagar, Bahmani (Islamic), Bijapur, and Mysore. The book is more of a numismatic history than a comprehensive catalogue, but there are a number of drawings and coin descriptions.
Mushmov, Nikola A. Monetite i Pechatite na Bulgarskite Tsare/ Coins and Seals of the Bulgarian Tsars. Originally published in Sofia, 1924. Reprinted (in Sofia?), unknown date.
A mediocre reprint of the classic early work on medieval Bulgarian numismatics. It is in Bulgarian with a French summary. There are numerous line drawings of coins in the text and poor-quality plates of photos, many too dark to see. There are excellent tables of monograms and other symbols found on the coins to assist in identification. It is the most detailed work on medieval Bulgarian coins.
Myets, N. D. Moskovskaya Den’ga Novgorodskovo Tipa/ A Moscow Denga of the Novgorod Type.
Gosudarstvennoye Izdatel’stvo Kul’turno-Prosvetitel’noi Literatury, Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Part One, pp. 124-127, Moscow, 1955.
The description of a 15th century denga of a Novgorod type, but in the style of a denga of the Grand Princes of Moscow.
al-Naqshbandi, Nasir al-Sayyid Mahmud. al-Dinar al-Islami fi al-Mithaf al-’Iraqi, Part 1 (Umayyad and
Abbasid). Baghdad, 1953. Photocopy
A bilingual (Arabic and English) catalogue of gold coins of the Caliphate. It is easy to use, has legends written out, and is well-indexed with tables of mints and dates. The latitude and longitude of the mint towns is given in another table, and there are maps of the mints. Now if I could only afford gold.
Nastich, V. N. Monetniye Nakhodki s Gorodishcha Krasnaya Rechka/ Coin Finds from the Town of Krasnaya Rechka. Krasnaya Rechka I Burana, Materialy I Issledovaniya Kirgizskoi Arkheologicheskoi Ekspeditsii, Akademiya Nauk Kirgizskoi SSR, Frunze, pp. 96-120, 1989.
A list of 226 coin finds, some single finds, some larger hoards, found over approximately a decade. There are partial descriptions of coins throughout, including drawings of Sogdian and Turgesh Khaganate coins. The majority of the coins found were Sogdian and other early central Asian types, Chinese, and Qarakhanid. A summary at the end provides a cross reference of dynasties found to the hoard numbers in the text.
Nastich, V. N. Almaty - Monetnii Dvor XIII Veka/ Almati - A Mint of the 13th Century. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 257-266, 2000.
Two coins of the Almaty mint dated AH 684 and 685, respectively. The dates are written by means of abjad chonograms. There are photos of both coins and Arabic legends in the text.
Nastich, V. N. Novye danniye o klade serebryanykh monet pervoi chetverti XV v. iz Turkmenii/ New information on a hoard of silver coins from the first quarter of the 15th century from Turkmenistan. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Istoricheskii Muzei, Moscow, pp. 90-92, 2002.
Hoard of 76 Golden Horde coins from later rulers of the Golden Horde. Most of the coins were from the Khwarizm mint, including Pulad Khan, Timur Khan, and Jalal al-Din (AH 810-813), as well as a few coins from Ordu of Shadi Beg and Pulad.
Nastich, V. N. Novye Materialy k istorii Kokandskovo Xhanstva (Posmertnyi chekan Malla-khana ili emissiya Malla-Khana II?). Pp. 73-92 In: Gaiduiov, P. G. (Ed.) Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Bypusk 138, Numismaticheskii Sbornik GIM, Tom XVI, Moscow, 2003. Pp. 95-100 In: Gaiduiov, P. G. (Ed.) Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Bypusk 138, Numismaticheskii Sbornik GIM, Tom XVI, Moscow, 2003.
A gold tilla in the name of Sayyid Muhammad Malla Khan from Khoqand dated AH 1288, one year earlier than his reign was previously known. The author discusses whether this is really a second reign of the Muhammad Malla Khan whose first reign ended in 1278 (as Steve Album suggests in his Checklist) or if it is from the reign of a second ruler with the same name.
Nastich, V. N. Monety i Denezhnoye Obrashcheniye Iemenskovo Korolevstva (XX vek)/ Coins and Use of Money in Yemen (20th Century). Numizmaticheskii Sbornik 2003, Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh, Sankt-Petersburg, pp. 87-108, 2003.
Very thorough and well-illustrated treatment of twentieth century coins of Yemen.
Nastich, V. N. and G. I. Djaparidze. Unikal’nii Dirkhem Umm Dja’far (Zubaidy), Zheny Khalifa Kharuna ar- Rashida/ A Unique Dirham of Umm Jafar (Zubaida), Wife of Caliph Harun al-Rashid. Vostok: Proshloye i Budushcheye Narodov, Volume IV, pp. 168-169, 1991.
A short note reporting the existing of a unique dirham of the wife of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid. The dirham, in the name of Umm Ja’far, is dated AH 181, and the mint was read as al-Luwayya. The Arabic legends were not given, nor is there a photograph.
National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic. The Numismatic Heritage of Kyrgyzstan. National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2002.
A beautiful trilingual (English, Russian and Kyrgyz) bank publication covering the Turgesh Khanate through modern times. The long numismatic history includes Qarakhanids, Chaghatayids, Timurids, Shaybanid, Janid, Manghit (Bukhara) and Khoqand dynasties. The catalogue has a small selection of Turgesh and Qarakhanid coins. Fantastic photos, although some of the copper is a bit dark and not readable. 140 coins are photographed and identified throughout the text before the small catalogue. Our friend Vladimir Nastich was a scientific consultant, so this one does not have the errors that many of these tend to have.
Nau, Elisabeth. Die Muenzen und Medaillen der Oberschwaebischen Staedte. Kricheldorf Verlag, Freiburg I. Br., 1964.
Coins of Konstanz, Radolfzell, Ueberlinger, Buchhorn-Friedrichshafen, Ulm, Ravensburg, Biberach, Saulgau, Tettnang, Tuttlingen, Rottweil, Isny, Wangen, Leutkirch, Kempten, Kaufbeuren, Memmingen. Each section gives a brief history of the city with an old print of a map. All coins illustrated.
Navascues, Jorge de. Taifas Califas. II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 13-26, 1988.
Coins of the Muluk al-Tawa’if. Some are described with legends written out.
Nechitailo, V. V. and S. L. Mikhailov. Katalog Antichnikh Monet Skifii, Berezani, Nikoniya, Tiry, Kerkinitidy/ Catalog of Ancient Coins of Scytnia, Nikonion, Isle of Berezan, Tyras and Kerkinitis. Kiev, 2000.
A small booklet with great line drawings of ancient coins from parts of the Ukraine. The legends are written out, and there are even prices in two grades (with the conversion factor for German marks and U. S. dollars). There is also a brief historical overview. Nice little book.
Nechitailo, V. V. Katalog Antichnikh Monet Ol’bii, VI v. do n.e. - III v. n.e./ Catalogue of Ancient Coins of Olbia, 6th Century B.C. - 3rd Century A.D. Otdel Numizmat, Kiev, 2000.
A fantastic catalogue of Olbian coins with line drawings, varieties, and great color plates. More than 700 different varieties are described and catalogued. It covers from the early dolphin coinage through Roman Provincial coinage. The line drawings of very small types are enlarged. Very useful!
Nedashkovskii, L. F. Zolotoordynskii Gorod Ukek I yevo Okruga/ The Golden Horde Town of Ukek and its Environs. Vostochnaya Literatura RAN, Moscow, 2000.
Although primarily a very detailed summary of archaeological investigations of Ukek, the first chapter covers coins found there, with one page of line drawings. There are lots of drawings of artifacts of different types and a summary of coin hoards from around Ukek.
Nercessian, Y. T. Armenian Coins and their Values. Special Publication No. 8, Armenian Numismatic Society, Los Angeles, 1995.
Catalogue of Armenian coins, including Armenian Kingdom of Sophene, Artaxiads of Armenia, Kingdom of Commagene, Cilician Armenia, and coins struck in Greater Armenia. Values in two grade. Brief historical notes, full descriptions of coins, mediocre plates. Includes some Islamic coinage (trilingual Ilkhanid coins of Abaqa, Seljuqs of Rum, etc.).
Neumann, E. Die Muenzen des Deutschen Ordens in Preussen, des Herzogtum Preussen, Westpreussen sowie die Gepraege des Deutschen Ordens in Mergentheim 1235-1801. Numismatischer Verlag Schulten & Co., Koeln, 1987.
Catalogue of the German coins of the Teutonic Order struck in Prussia (1235-1525), the cities Danzig, Elbing and Thorn (1457-1466), Dukes of Prussia (11525-1618), West Prussia under Poland (1525-1601), and Catholic Teutonic Order in Mergentheim (1525-1801). The catalogue contains little in the way of historical overviews. Every coin is photographed and fully described, with translations of legends and explanations of what the various devices on the coins mean. Includes a good bibliography.
Neumann, Josef. Beschreibung der bekanntesten Kupfermuenzen. Volumes I - VI. Published by the Author, Prague, 1858 (Volume I), 1861 (Volume II), 1863 (Volume III), 1865 (Volume IV), 1868 (Volume V), and 1872 (Volume VI). Reprinted by Johnson Reprint Company, New York, 1965 and 1966, with a seventh volume index compiled by Lore Boerner, 1967.
A compilation of copper coins, medals, jetons, etc., with an extensive index for identification based on legends, abbreviations and denominations. Areas covered are coins of Austria, Russia, France, Britain, Ireland and German states (Volume I), Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Switzerland, Italy and Turkey (Volume II), non-European coins (Volume III), English tokens and jetons (Volume IV), and tokens and jetons of Austria, Russia, France and Germany (Volumes V and VI). All coins are completely described. Few are illustrated.
Nicol, Norman D. Paul Balog's The Coinage of the Ayyubids: Additions and Corrections. The Numismatic Chronicle, Volume 146. Published by the Royal Numismatic Society, London, 1986. Xerox Copy.
An extensive addition and correction to Balog's book, with many coins not listed in Balog.
Nicol, Norman D. Islamic Coinage in Imitation of Fatimid Types. Reprint from the Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, 1988.
Aghlabid, Midrarid, Mirdasid, Buwayhid, Hudid, Ghorid, Sulayhid, Zirid, Ayyubid, Chaghatayid, Numayrid and 'Uqaylid imitations of Fatimid coins.
Nicol, Norman D. Standard Catalog of German Coins: 1601-present, including Colonial Issues. Krause
Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 1994.
Standard Krause format. The best comprehensive treatment yet of all the German states, although there are apparently gaps in some of the treatments of individual states. Also covers unified Germany after 1871 and other modern issues.
Nicol, Norman D., Faarat el-Nabarawy, and Jere L. Bacharach. Catalog of the Islamic Coin, Glass Weights, Dies and Medals in the Egyptian National Library, Cairo. Undena Publications, Malibu, California, 1982.
A listing of the complete collection of Islamic coins in the Khedivial collection in Cairo. The collection had greatly expanded since Lane-Poole’s publication of the library holdings. Every coin is listed with mint, date, weight and diameter, as well as cross-references to other catalogues. Few legends are written out, but Umayyad and other coins have their annulet patterns and other design elements listed. There are several indices by dynasty, mint, and date, and photographs of selected coins from the collection. One of the important catalogues of collections of Islamic coins.
Nicolae, Eugen. Un lot de monede otomane din secolele XIV-XV in colectia Cabinetului numismatic al Institutului de arheologie din Bucuresti. Studii si Cercetari de Numismatica, Volume IX, pp. 131-135, 1989. (Original offprint. In Romanian)
The presentation of 15 Ottoman coins found in the Numismatic Cabinet of the Archaeological Museum of Bucharest. It includes coins of Orhan through Bayezid II. All are silver, and none is especially rare, except perhaps the Orhan. The photos are very good.
Nikitin, A. B. Leninakanskii Klad i Podrazhaniya Monetam Khormizda IV v Zakavkaz’ye/ The Leninakin Hoard and Imitations of Hormizd IV Coins from TransCaucasia. In: Monety i Medali,Sbornik Statei po Materialam Kollektsii Otdela Numizmatiki, pp. 168-179, Gosudarstvennii Muzei Izobrazitel’nikh Iskusstv im. A. S. Pushkina, Moscow, 1996.
A hoard of Sasanian and Byzantine coins found in Armenia had ten imitation Hormizd IV drachms with the inscription ZWZN’ instead of a mintmark. It is probably an Aramaic word for Drachm.
Nikulina, N. M. Iskusstvo Ionii i Akheminidskovo Irana/ Art of Ionia and Achaemenid Iran. Izdatel’stvo Iskusstvo, Moscow, 1994.
A lavishly-produced book of art and coins from ancient Persia. Most of the artwork consists of carved seals, the majority of which have various animal motifs. All of the seals are shown both with the seal and with an impression made from it. As a coin book, it’s not very useful, but the pictures are wonderful.
Noonan, Thomas S. The 1958 Dirham Hoard from Tartu in Estonia. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 22, pp. 135-159, 1977.
Samanid, Musafirid or Sallarid, Abbasid, Buwayhid, Volga Bulghar coins found in Estonia. There are no coin descriptions, but rather an analysis of possible trade routes based on this and other hoards.
Noonan, Thomas S. Ninth-Century Dirham Hoards from European Russia: A Preliminary Analysis. In: M. A. S. Blackburn and D. M. Metcalf (eds.) Viking-Age Coinage in the Northern Lands: The Sixth Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History, British Archaeological Reports, International Series 122, Oxford, pp. 47-117, 1981. Reprinted in Thomas S. Noonan, The Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750-900, Ashgate/Variorum, Brookfield, Vermont, 1998.
The Devitsa hoard, first studied by Bykov but never completed, contained a large number of imitation Abbasid coins that have been attributed to the Khazars. It also contained a large number of Abbasid dirhams from eastern (Transoxianian) mints.
Noonan, Thomas S. A Ninth Century Dirham Hoard from Devitsa in Southern Russia. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 27, pp. 185-209, 1982.
The hoard contained Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Governors of Tudgha, Idrisid, Aghlabid, and Irregular Abbasid or Khazar coins. No coin descriptions, no photos.
Noonan, Thomas S. Why Dirhams First Reached Russia: The Role of Arab-Khazar Relations in the Development of the Earliest Islamic Trade with Eastern Europe. Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi, Volume 4, pp. 151-282, 1984. Reprinted in Thomas S. Noonan, The Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750-900, Ashgate/Variorum, Brookfield, Vermont, 1998.
This is a fantastic paper going into great detail on the history of Arab-Khazar relations. The Arabs and Khazars had been in conflict for more than a century when, in the early 9th century, the conflict ended. As a result, Arabs and Khazars began serious trade relations, centered in Darband and in the Caucasus and the coastal route of Atil. The trade eventually spread into Russia, bringing Arab dirhams with it. Great reading!
Noonan, Thomas S. The Regional Composition of Ninth-Century Dirham Hoards from European Russia. Numismatic Chronicle, Volume 144, pp. 153-165, 1984. Reprinted in Thomas S. Noonan, The Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750-900, Ashgate/Variorum, Brookfield, Vermont, 1998.
An analysis of the mints and dates represented in different coin hoards known from Russia.
Noonan, Thomas S. Dirhams from Early Medieval Russia. J. Russian Numis. Soc., No. 17, pp. 8-12, Winter 1984/1985. Photocopy.
Conclusions pertaining to circulation of Islamic coins in Russia based on studies of coin hoards.
Noonan, Thomas S. Why the Vikings First Came to Russia. Jahrbuecher fuer Geschichte Osteuropas, Vol. 34, pp. 321-348, 1986. Reprinted in Thomas S. Noonan, The Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750-900, Ashgate/Variorum, Brookfield, Vermont, 1998.
The article begins by summarizing archaeological evidence for Scandinavians in northern Russia. The author concludes that there were permanent settlements by the ninth century. He concludes that they went further into Russia in search of Islamic dirhams, because there was no indigenous source of silver in Scandinavia or Russia. He then examines the distribution of dirham hoards from Russia and discusses trade between the east and west.
Noonan, Thomas S. Early ‘Abbasid Mint Output. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, Volume 29, pp. 113-175, 1986. Reprinted in Thomas S. Noonan, The Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750-900, Ashgate/Variorum, Brookfield, Vermont, 1998.
An attempt to calculate the relative output of dirhams on an annual basis from several Abbasid mints based on the percentage of coins from different mints found in hoards. There is a long introductory section on the procedural pitfalls of trying to estimate mint production based on number of dies.
North, J. J. English Hammered Coinage, Volume 1. Early Anglo-Saxon to Henry III, c. 600-1272. Spink & Son, London, 1980.
The second edition of this standard reference. Extensive plates.
North, J. J. English Hammered Coinage, Volume 2. Edward I to Charles II, 1272-1662. Spink & Son, Ltd, London, 1975.
Second revised edition of this standard reference.
Noss, Alfred. Die Muenzen von Trier. Erster Teil. Zweiter Abschnitt. Beschreibung der Muenzen 1307-1556. Peter Hansteins Verlag, Bonn, 1916. Reprinted by H. Th. Wenner, Osnabrueck, 1978.
The standard reference on the coinage of Trier from the reign of Balduin of Luxemburg to that of Johann V von Isenburg. The book includes detailed historical treatments of each Archbishop who issued coins and explains the circumstances surrounding the minting of most coin types. There are 32 plates of photographs of over 500 individual coins. The standard reference.
Novak, John A. A Working Aid for Collectors of Annamese Coins. Ken and Creta Olmsted, Longview,
Washington, ND.
A key to identification of Annamese (Vietnamese) cash. All coins are illustrated, cross-referenced to other catalogues, and identified by ruler with dates. There is no historical background, but he surveys the major catalogues and points out which ones have a history included.
Nuetzel, Heinrich. Muenzen der Rasuliden nebst einem Abriss der Geschichte dieser jemenischen Dynastie. Doctoral Dissertation originally published by W. Pormetter, Berlin, 1891. Translated into English and expanded by Dr. Alfred Kinzelbach, Verlag Donata Kinzelbach, Mainz, 1987.
Bilingual (German and English on facing pages) history of the Islamic Rasulid dynasty of Yemen. 96 coins are described in the original text, many with line drawings, all with full inscriptions in Arabic (not translated). The translator included a description of a recent hoard of Rasulid coins, some previously unknown.
Nuetzel, Heinrich. Katalog der Orientalischen Muenzen der Koenigliche Museen zu Berlin. Erster Band: Die Muenzen der Oestlichen Chalifen. W. Spemann, Berlin, 1898. Two-sided photocopy, green hard-thesis binding.
Arab-Byzantine, types with Latin legends (Spain and Africa), Arab-Sasanian,Umayyad, Abbasid partisans, Abbasid, and early coppers. Legends written out. Well indexed, decent plates.
Nuetzel, Heinrich. Katalog der Orientalische Muenzen der Koenigliche Museen zu Berlin. Zweiter Band: Die Muenzen der Muslimischen Dynastieen Spaniens und des westlichen Nordafrika. W. Spemann, Berlin, 1902. Photocopy in green Egyptian hard binding, half leather.
Umayyad of Spain, other Spanish dynasties, Muwahhid, Nasrid, Aghlabid, Idrisid and contemporaries, Midrarid, Zirid of Qayrawan, Hafsid, Merinid, Sa’dian, ‘Alawi.
?zden, Betül. Nadir Osmanli Sikke, Nisan ve Madalyalari/ Rare Ottoman Coins, Orders and Medals. Istanbul Arkeoloji Muzeleri Koleksiyonu, Istanbul, 1999.
A well-produced catalogue that accompanied an exhibit of rare Ottoman material at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum in 1999. It includes nice enlarged photos of one coin per Ottoman sultan, including the dynastic founder Osman. Great example of a museum publication showing an overview of the coinage.
Oka, M. . Taisei Koeki Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, 1966.
A nicely produced book in Japanese and English on crown-sized coins used in the Orient. Includes American and British Trade Dollars, Straits Settlements, Cambodia, Thailand, Tibet, China, Formosa, Korea, Japan, Philippines, French Cochin China and Ino China, Hong Kong, Mexican Trade Dollars, Outer Mongolia, Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), Russia. Very nice photographs, values in three grades (in 1966 Yen).
Olcer, Y. Muh. Cuneyt. Son Alti Osmanli Padisahi Zamaninda Istanbulda Basilan Gumus Paralar. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1966. Olcer #1
Coinage of the last Ottoman Sultans of Turkey, beginning with Abdul Mejid (1839-1861) and ending with Muhammed VI (1918-1923). Includes mintage figures and photographs, but written in Turkish. Most useful in that Olcer breaks down the Toughras of each sultan into component parts and shows how to read them.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Yildirim Bayezid'in Ogullarina Ait Akce ve Mangirlar. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1968. Bound with Monographs on Turkish Coinage. Olcer #2.
The coins of the sons of the Ottoman sultan Bayezid. Includes Suleiman Celebi, Musa Celebi, Mustafa Celebi and Mehmet I. Nice historical treatment, full descriptions of all coins. Many plates.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sultan Mahmud II Zamaninda Darp Edilen Osmanli Madeni Paralari. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1970. Bound with Monographs on Turkish Coinage. Olcer #3.
The coins of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II (1808-1839). Good historical treatment, drawings or photographs of all coins. Each coin is fully described with Arabic and transliterated legends.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sovyet Rusya Muzelerindeki (Moskova ve Leningrad) Nadir Osmanli Madeni Paralari (Rare Ottoman Coins at Soviet Russian Museums (Moscow and Leningrad). Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1972. Olcer #4.
Rare Ottoman coins from 26 mints. Mostly middle and late periods.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Nakish Osmanli Mangirlari/The Ornamental Copper Coinage of the Ottoman Empire. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1975. Olcer #5.
Detailed treatment of the copper coinage of the Ottoman Empire, mostly in Turkish, but with an English summary. There are line drawings of over 1000 coins with photographs of perhaps half.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Ottoman Coinage during the Reign of Sultan Abdulmecid Han. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1978. Olcer #6.
Detailed treatment of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Mejid (1255-1277/1839-1861). Covers Turkey (including Edirne), Egypt and Tunisia. There is a good history in English, including the development of the Turkish calendar.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sultan Abdulaziz Han Devri Osmanli MadeniParalari/Ottoman Coinage During the Reign of Sultan Abdulaziz Han. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1979. Olcer #7.
Detailed treatment of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Aziz (1861-1876). Good historical treatment, drawings or photographs of all coins.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Karaman Ogullari Beyligi Madeni Paralari/Coinage of the Karamanids. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1982. Illustrated by Garo Kurkman. Olcer #8.
The coinage of the Islamic Turkish Karamanid/Qaramanid Beylik. Excellent historical overview, line drawings and complete descriptions of coins with Arabic legends written out and transliterated. Excellent maps showing geographical extent of the Anatolian beyliks over time. Twelve photographic plates.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Avrupa muzelerinde Nadir Osmanli Madeni Paralari (Kopenhag, Budapeste, Ashmolean, Viyana, Munih, Berlin, Leningrad)/Rare Ottoman Coins at European Museums. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1984. Olcer #9
Important collections of Ottoman coins from seven museums. Includes Selim I to Abdul Mejid. There are good indices arranged both chronologically and by mints (26), as well as separate listings for each museum. Strong in middle-period coinage. Line drawings and transliterations of legends for each coin, as well as photographic plates. Includes one Germiyan coin.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Coinage of the Emirates of Aidin. Emirates of Theologues/Ephesus. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1985. Olcer #10.
Great history of the Islamic Turkish beylik of Aydin. Line drawings of coins, but no descriptions or explanation of legends. Four photographic plates. Includes some early Ottoman pieces.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Darphane Muzesi Osmanli Madeni Paralari Katalogu/ Catalogue of Ottoman Coins in the National Mint Museum. Damga Matbaasi, Istanbul, 1985.
A listing of Ottoman coins in the museum, with all mint and date combinations. There are 67 mints represented and a table at the end listing all sultans who represented by each mint. There are no descriptions of coins, but there are line drawings of many major types. Good for the listing of mints, but not for reading the coins.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sultan Murad V ve Sultan Abdulhamid II Donemi Osmanli Madeni Paralari. Yenelik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1986. Olcer #11.
Coinage of two of the later Ottoman sultans. In Turkish.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sultan Mehmed Resad ve Sultan Mehmed Vahdeddin Donemi Osmanli Madeni Paralari. Yenilik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1987. Olcer #12.
The coinage of the last two Ottoman sultans, Mehmed V and Mehmed VI. Many photographs. Text in Turkish.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sultan Yavuz Selim Sah bin Bayazid Han Donemi Osmanli Sikkeleri. Yenelik Basimevi, Istanbul, 1989. Olcer #13.
The coinage of the Ottoman sultan Selim I (1512-1520). Includes line drawings and photographs of all types, mints and dates known from Selim I. Only a few legends are completely written out, although most can be read from the line drawings. No English summaries.
Olcer, Cuneyt. Sultan Mahmut II Zamaninda Darp Edilen Osmanli Madeni Paralari (3 No.'lu Kitaba Ek. Istanbul, 1990. Olcer #3/II
A supplement to Olcer #3, coinage of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II. It includes few line drawings and some rather poor photographic plates. Expands on date, mint and denomination combinations from earlier main work.
(Oldenburg, J. F. H.) Beskrifning Ofver J. F. H. Oldenburgs Samling af Svenska, Svenska Besittningarnes och Landtgrefven Fredriks (Konung Fredrik I) Hessiska Mynt. Originally Published Stockholm, 1883. Facsimile Reprint byL. M. Bjorkquist, Orebro, no date.
A catalogue of one of the most important collections of Swedish coins ever assembled. It covers all Swedish coins from the 10th century on, Swedish possessions, and coins issued by German cities occupied by the Swedes. It gives full descriptions of the coins, with legends, but there are no photos or illustrations.
Oliver, E. E. The Coins of the Chaghatai Mughals. Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LX, Part I, pp. 8-16, 1891. Photocopy.
A description of 34 coins of the Chaghatayid Mongols in response to the BMC collection's only having three coins. There are not enough coins for full legends to be gleaned, as all those described by the author have only partial legends. Plates of line drawings included.
Oliver, Tony. Twenty Centuries of Coins: Thailand’s Currency through the Ages. White Lotus, Bangkok, 1978.
A good overview of the history of Thai coinage. Includes drawings of marks on bullet coinage and a good discussion about the earlier Tok coinage types. Has valuations of coins as well in several grades, although obviously out of date.
Opitz, Charles J. Odd & Curious Money, Descriptions and Values, Second Edition. First Impressions Printing, Ocala, Florida, 1991.
An overview of all types of odd and curious forms of money with valuations. Covers the entire world. The standard reference on the subject.
Oreshnikov, A. V. Russkiye Moneti do 1547 Goda/Russian Coins up to the year 1547. Originally published in Moscow, 1896. Reprinted by Arkheograficheskii Tsentr, Moscow, 1996.
A nicely-produced catalogue of early Russian coinage. Has a few ancient coins and coins of all the Russian principalities preceding Ivan. Nice photograpic plates. Much better than the average Russian production.
Orlov, A. P. Moneti Rossii, 1700-1917. Ipka Pablisiti, Minsk, 1994.
A reference on the post-wire kopek coins of the Russian Czars. Includes coins in all metals. Illustrated. With appendices that explain the early dating system, different edge types, bibliography, etc. Very little text.
Ostrup, J. Catalogue des Monnaies Arabes et Turques du Cabinet Royal des Medailles du Musee National de Copenhague. Librairie Levin & Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1938. Two-sided photocopy, velo binding.
A catalogue of 3184 Islamic coins in the Copenhagen museum. The coin descriptions do not have Arabic legends, but many have tranliterated legends included in the descriptions. There are seven photographic plates of coins. Includes a nice listing organized by dynasty showing which mints are included in each. About 70 dynasties covered.
O'Sullivan, William. The Earliest Irish Coinage. The National Museum of Ireland, Dublin, 1969. Originally published in the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Volume 79, 1949.
A treatise on Hiberno-Norse coinage, with extensive plates, descriptions of various types, and a historical overview.
Pachkalov, A. V. Nebol’shoi Klad Serebryanikh Zolotoordynskikh Monet Nachala XV v. s Selitrennovo
Gorodishcha/ A Small Hoard of Silver Coins of the Golden Horde from the Beginning of the 15th Century from the Site of Selitrennoe. Drevnosti Povolzh’ya i Drugikh Regionov, Vypusk III. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom II, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 19-23, 2000.
Ten Golden Horde Dirhams of Shadi Beg and Pulad from Orda al-Jadid, Orda, Kaffa Jadid, and Hajji Tarkhan. Arabic inscriptions written out in text, line drawings of all ten coins.
Pachkalov, A. V. Numizmatika Sygnaka/ The Coins of Sighnaq. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Pskov, 15-20 April, 2002, pp. 87-89, 2002.
A list of all known rulers and dates of coins from the Sighnaq mint of the Golden Horde, as well as a list of where such coins have been found. The coins are in silver and copper, and there is a line drawing of an anonymous copper type dated 727.
Pakhomov, E. A. Monety Azerbaidzhana. Akademiya Nauk Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR, Institut Istorii, Baku, 1959.
Sasanian, Umayyad and Abbasid coins, including copper, from Azerbaijan and Armenian mints. In Russian, with Arabic inscriptions. No drawings or photos.
Pakhomov, E. A. Moneti Gruzii/Coins of Georgia. Akademiya Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR, Tbilisi, 1970.
One of the most important books on the coinage of medieval Georgia. It includes many types that are not in Lang or Kapanadze. It includes both Islamic and non-Islamic issues, with relatively complete descriptions of the coins in the text. There are several plates of photographs. A wonderful book!
Pakkert, Aureliusz. The Copper Coins of Independent Khwaresm 1917-1919. Journal of the Russian Numismatic Society, Number 54, pp. 12-27, Spring, 1994.
A detailed analysis of varieties of 2 ½, 5 and 15 tenga copper/brass coins from Khwarezm. It is much more detailed that Krause. There are photos of each variety and table showing the main differences among die varieties. The types are distinguished by “mint marks”, number of sunbeams, obverse and reverse rim designs, date, placement of date on obverse and reverse, and whether it has a coin or medal orientation.
Pamuk, Sevket. A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.
A very detailed analysis of monetary history of the Ottoman empire with good information on different currency zones and monetary policy in outlying areas. A few nice photographs of coins including a wonderful Akche of Orhan from Bursa dated AH 727. Also nice map showing distribution of mint cities, tables exchange rates at different times.
Panish, Charles K. Early Coinage of Bhutan. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 17, pp. 247-254, 1971.
History of Bhutan and a description of the coins issued there. The coins were issued from 1785-1930 and are derived from types from Cooch Behar in India. 24 coins are photographed.
Pauwels, G. Les Monnaies de Gaule Belgique. Numismatic Pocket No. 12, De Mey, Brussels, 1971.
Celtic coinage of Gallic Belgium, including Atrebates, Ambiani, Parisii, and others.
Pavlov, L. P. Numismatic Tables (with Illustrations). Illustrations of Rare Russian Coins from 1425 to 1916. Originally published in Petrograd, 1916. Reprinted in Moscow, 1990. In Russian.
20 loose tables with line drawings and summaries of periods of Russian coinage. Includes valuations in Russian currency from 1916.
Pavo, Elemer. T?r?k penzek a hodoltsag kori Magyarorszagon/ Ottoman Coins that Circulated in Hungary. Magyar Numizmatikai Tarsulat, Budapest(?), 1986. In Hungarian, with English summary.
An introduction to Ottoman coinage emphasizing issues that circulated in Hungary. There are line drawings of several hundred coins with legends transliterated in a table in the body of the book. The index has mint names written in Arabic, and there are decent maps in the text. There seems to be some good history as well.
Peck, C. Wilson. English Copper, Tin and Bronze Coins in the British Museum, 1558-1958, Second Edition, Trustees of the British Museum, London, 1964.
A comprehensive catalogue of English copper coins, including patterns. No tokens and no imitation regal coinage. Includes 50 plates. The standard reference.
Pere, Nuri. Osmanlilarda Madeni Paralar/Coins of the Ottoman Empire. Istanbul, 1968
A catalogue of the collection of Ottoman coins in the Yapi ve Kredi Bankasi, Turkey. More than 1150 coins and medals fully described with legends in Arabic (with voweling), transliterated and translated (into Turkish). Every coin is photographed. With Jem Sultan, the standard reference.
Perk, Haluk, and Husnu Ozturk. Ilhanli Hukumdari Ebu Said Bahadir Han Adina Kesilmis Olan Canda4rogullari Beyligi Sikke Definesi. Ozel Sayi No. 4, Turkish Numismatic Society Publications, Istanbul, 2003.
A study of coins of the Candarogul (Isfendiyarid) Beylik in the name of the Ilkhan Abu Sa’id. The publication describes 79 coins, of which 56 were struck without mint name, the remainder from Borlu and Kastamonu. Every coin has a nice line drawing, a full reading of the legends in transliterated Arabic, and an enlarged photograph.
Petranyi, Gyula. More on Ottoman Coins Minted in Cyprus with a Tentative Typology. Cyprus Numismatic Society’s Numismatic Report, Vol. XXVI-XXVII, pp. 49-57, 1995-1996.
The author provides an excellent description of two types each of Kibris aches of Mehmed III and Ahmed I, and one type of Murad IV based on an analysis of all extant specimens that he has been able to locate. He also provides drawings of the different calligraphic styles in which the mint name is written.
Petranyi, Gyula. The Larger Ottoman Coin Denomination Minted in Cyprus. Cyprus Numismatic Socitey’s Numismatic Report, Vol. XXVIII-XXX, pp. 49-52, 1997-1999.
Description of a larger denomination of silver coin from the reign of Ahmed I minted in Kibris. The coin has a tughra on the obverse, while the reverse has ‘zarb’ in a cartouche with KIBRIS and the date below, ‘azz nasrahu above. Because the weight is approximately five times that of an akche, the author suggests that the denomination is a Beshlik (= 5 Akches), although he points out that Rolf Ehlert has suggested they could be Shahis.
Petranyi, Gyula. Kibris’in Osmanli Sikkeleri/ The Ottoman Coinage of Cyprus. Arkeoloji ve Sanat, Volume 95, pp. 46-48, 2000.
The author describes four types and two subtypes of silver akche from the extremely rare Ottoman mint of Qibris/Kibris (Cyprus). They are from the reigns of Mehmet III, Ahmed I, and Murad IV. He includes full descriptions of the coins in the test with transliterated legends plus excellent line drawings of each type and subtype. The article is bilingual (Turkish and English). Good work. Now to find one of the coins.
Petranyi, Gyula. Ottoman Coins Minted in Cyprus. Pp. 1285-1288 In: Bernd Kluge and Bernhard Weisser (eds.), Proceedings of the XII. Internationaler Numismatischer Kongress Berlin 1997, Berlin, 2000.
A summary of the author’s work on a comprehensive listing of all Ottoman coins from the Kibris/Qibris mint on Cyprus. This article provides descriptions and line drawings of each type with numbers of examples known and metrological data. As usual, nice thorough work, well presented.
Petranyi, Gyula, and G. Pitsillides. Two ‘Kibris’ Akches Discovered in Cyprus. Cyprus Numismatic Society’s Numismatic Report, Vol. XXVI-XXVII, pp. 45-48, 1995-1996.
A Mehmet III and an Ahmed I akche from the Kibris/Qibris mint were found on the island of Cyprus. This is the first instance in which the provenance was known to be from Cyprus. The coins are not die-linked with any other known extant specimens.
Petrie, A. E. H. An Illustrated Guide to Chinese Cash Pieces of the Manchu Mints A. D. 1662-1796. Collectors Research Monograph, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1964.
A brief history of the first part of the Ch’ing dynasty in China, with a pictorial guide to the meaning of the characters on early Ch’ing coinage, description of mints, a list of all mints known to have been used by each emperor, photographs, and a map of the different mints.
Petrov, P. N. Klad Serebryanikh Pozolochennykh Dinarov Velikikh Sel’dzhukov/ A Hoard of Gold-Plated Silver Dinars of the Great Seljuqs. Epigrafika Vostoka, Vol. XXIII, pp. 52-56, 1985.
Great Seljuq coins of Malik Shah, Sanjar, and Muhammad from Serakhs, Balkh, and Herat. Good coin descriptions, with line drawings of calligraphic styles and ornaments. There are also photos. Arabic legends are written out in text.
Petrov, P. N. Zolotoordinskii Monetnii Dvor Kurmish?/ Golden Horde Coins Struck in Kurmish?. Moskovskoye Numizmaticheskoye Obshchestvo, Numizmaticheskii Sbornik No. 2, pp. 62-67, 1992.
A description of coins of Birdi Beg (Golden Horde) apparently struck at the Kurmish mint in Russia. Line drawings and reconstructions of complete legends.
Petrov, P. N. Nakhodki Dzhuchidskikh Monet na Territorii Nizhegorodskoi Oblasti/ Hoards of Jujid Coins from Territory in the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 9-24, 1997.
A list of hoards and references. No coins described.
Petrov, P. N. Klad Chagataidskikh Mednykh Monet XIV Veka/ A Hoard of Chaghatayid Copper Coins of the 14th Century. Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 135-149., 1997.
Chaghatayid copper coins from Bukhara, Samarqand, Karshi, Termez/Tirmidh and Kesh, dated 754-761 and without dates. Arabic legends are written out in the text, and there are tables of cartouches and tamgas. There are photos on plates in the back of the volume.
Petrov, P. N. Monety i Denezhnoye Obrashcheniye v Mongol’skikh Gosudarstvakh XIII-XV Vekov. Numizmatika No. 1, inside front cover, October, 2003.
Reconstruction of a remarkable large copper coin of Khwarizm dated either 668 or 768. First described and incorrectly read by Fedorov-Davidov in 1998. Lutz Ilisch read coin subsequent to this article in Islamic Coin Group, 1/5/2004. Sufid issue of AH 768.
Petrov, P. N. Ocherki po Numizmatike Mongol’skikh Gosudarstv XIII-XIV Vekov/ A Survey of the Numismatics of the Mongol States, 13th-14th Centuries. Published by the Author, Nizhny Novgorod, 2003.
Actually three works by the author in one volume. The first section is on “black” dirhams from Otrar. These include those with the name Mongke Khan and those with the epithets khani and yarli khani. The chapters include descriptions of two hordes with metrological analysis and full description of coin types. The second chapter is a thorough analysis of hordes of early Ilkhan coinage, including bow-type dirhams and ka’ani dirhams, mostly from Marw, but also Tus, Nishapur, Khabushan, Astarabad, Tabriz and others followed by many types of Arghun, Ghazan Mahmud and Abaqa. There are many previously undescribed types and an attempt at a chronology. The third chapter deals with the numismatic history of Khwarizm and Termez including the Golden Horde issues of Khwarizm. This is a fantastic publication with the clearest, highest quality coin photos I have ever seen in a numismatic work from anywhere. Very important work.
Petrov, P. N. And V. G. Koshevar. Klad No. 5 i Otdel’nye Numizmaticheskiye Nakhodki iz Kirgizii. Numizmatika No. 1, pp. 22-27, October, 2003.
Description of a hoard of Chaghatayid coins from before and after the monetary reform of Mas’ud Bek and an analysis of its significance. Nice photos of several coin types.
Petrov, P. N. and K. D. Slychkov. Noviye Danniye o Klade Monet Velikikh Sel’dzhhukov/ New Information on a Hoard of Coins of the Great Seljuqs. Drevnosti Nizhegorodskovo Povolzh’ya, Vypusk II. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Tom I, Istoriko-Arkheologicheskii Tsentr ‘Region’, Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 117-134, 1997.
An analysis of an additional 23 coins in the hoard discussed by Petrov in 1985. These are gold-plated silver dirhams from the reigns of Malik Shah and Sanjar from the Samarqand, Merw/Marw, Herat and Balkh mints. As in the earlier work, Arabic legends are written out and there are tables of ornaments.
Petrov, P. N., and K. D. Smirchkov. Klad Serebryanikh Pozolochennikh Dinarov Velikikh Sel’dzhkov (Chast’ 2)/A Hoard of Gilt Silver Dinars of the Great Seljuqs (Part 2). Vostochnoye Istoricheskoye Istochnikovedeniye i Spetsial’niye Istoricheskiye Distsiplini Vol. 5, Moscow, pp. 230-242, 1997.
Description of a hoard of Great Seljuq dinars. Line drawings, one photo, legends written out.
Petrov, V. I. Catalogue des Monnaies Russes de tous les Princes, Tsars et Empereurs depuis 980 jusqu'a 1899. Magasin de Monnaies Anciennes, Moscow, 1899. Facsimile reprint by Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1964. In Russian and French.
Russian coinage from 980 through 1899, with many line drawings of coin types.
Peus, Busso. Deutsche Muenzen des Mittelalters (Sammlung A.). Teil I. Norddeutschland. Auktion Katalog 317, Dr. Busso Peus Nachf. Muenzhandlung, Frankfurt am Main, 1987.
Public auction catalogue of 1100 lots of medieval coins from northern Germany.
Peus, Busso. Deutsche Muenzen des Mittelalters (Sammlung A.). Teil II. Sueddeutschaland. Auktion Katalogue 319, Dr. Busso Peus Nachf. Muenzhandlung, Frankfurt am Main, 1987.
Public auction catalogue of 903 lots of medieval coins from southern Germany.
Pick, Albert. Das Papiergeld Bayerns - Staatspapiergeld, Banknoten und Notgeld - Geschichte und Katalog. Der Geldscheinsammler, Heinrich Gietl Verlag, Regenstauf, 1989.
A comprehensive catalogue of the paper money of Bayern (Bavaria) from 1836 to the present. The majority of the book is devoted to Notgeld, but other forms of currency including wartime prison camp money is included. A nice book.
Pick, Albert. Standard Catalog of World Paper Money. Volume One, Specialized Issues. Seventh Edition. Krause Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 1995.
The standard catalogue of commercial and restricted issue banknotes.
Pick, Albert. Standard Catalog of World Paper Money. Volume Two, General Issues. Eighth Edition, Iola, Wisconsin, 1996.
The standard catalogue of general paper money issues from earliest times to 1960.
Pick, Albert. Standard Catalog of World Paper Money. Volume Three, Modern Issues, 1961-1996. Krause Publications, Iola, Wisconsin, 1996.
The standard catalogue of recently-issued banknotes of the world.
Ping Xinwei. A Monetary History of China. Two Volumes. Translated from the Chinese by Edward H. Kaplan. Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, 1965/1993.
An incredibly detailed history of the numismatics of China from ancient times through the Peoples Republic of China. Mainly an economic history as reflected in the coins. Includes information on buying power of coins. Many plates, but not clear because of xerox publication.
Pink, Karl. Die Muenzpraegung der Ostkelten und ihrer Nachbarn 2. ergaenzte und verbesserte Auflage
Herausgegeben von Robert Goebl. Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1974.
The Celtic coinage of southeastern Europe, including Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria, Czechoslovakia (Noricum and Bohemia) and Poland. Over 600 coins photographed.
Plant, Richard. Arabic Coins and How to Read Them. B. A. Seaby, Ltd., London, 1973.
A useful introduction to Arabic coins, medieval to modern. The book is more of an introduction to reading Arabic than to the coins themselves. Each chapter covers a different time period or geographic area and describes their peculiarities of script and language. There are lists of rulers and their dates in each.
Plant, Richard. Greek Coin Types and their Identification. Seaby Publications, Ltd., London, 1979.
An extensive alphabetical list of figures and personages found on Greek coins with the cities that featured them. There are more than 2800 drawings of coins to illustrate the different themes. There are also appendices explaining who various deities were, a glossary of terms, and an index of cities and states. Very useful for the novice.
Plant, Richard. Greek, Semitic, Asiatic Coins and How to Read Them. Scorpion Publishers, Amherst, New York, 1979.
A book similar to his on reading Arabic coins, but covering an extensive number of ancient and medieval European, middle eastern and far eastern alphabets and languages.
Plant, Richard. Arabic Coins and How to Read Them. Second Edition. Seaby Publications, Ltd., London, 1980.
A revised and expanded version of the first edition. Includes an index, more examples and exercises, more lists of rulers.
Poey D'Avant, Faustin. Monnaies Feodales de France. 3 Volumes. Camille Rollin, Paris, 1858. Facsimile reprint by Akademische Druck- und Verlaganstalt, Graz, Austria, 1961.
The coinage of feudal France.
Pohl, Artur. Die Grenzlandpraegung. Muenzpraegung in Oesterreich und Ungarn im 15. Jahrhundert.
Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1972.
A historical treatment of the 15th century coinage of Austria and Hungary. The Austrian coinage is discussed in particular detail.
Pokrass, Yurii. O Neopisannykh Monetakh Bospora (I v. do N. E. - I v. N. E./ Some Unpublished Coins of Bosporus from the 1st Century BC - 1st Century AD. Numismatika i Faleristika 1997(2), pp. 6-7.
Three gold coins with portaits of Augustus and Agrippa.
Polevoi, L. L. Redkaya Seriya Moldavskikh Gorodskikh Monet Belgoroda na Dnestre i Nekotoriye Boproci evo Istorii XV v./ Rare Series of Moldavian City Coins of Belgorod and some Questions of its History in the 15th Century. Numizmaticheskiye Issledovaniya po Istorii Yugo-vostochnoi Yevropi, pp. 165-179. Akademiya Nauk SSR Moldova, Kishinev, 1990.
A discussion of coins of Moldavia, with line drawings of some of the coins. More of an analysis and history than a key to identification.
Pommaret, Francoise. Ancient Trade Partners: Bhutan, Cooch Bihar and Assam (17th - 19th Century). Journal of Bhutan Studies, Vol. 2(1), pp. 30-53, 2000.
Although Bhutan is generally perceived as an isolated country, this article demonstrates that there was significant trade with Cooch Behar and Assam to the south. The British also tried to open up Bhutan as the shortest route to Tibet and Llasa. The author’s data come from contemporary journals and diaries and other documents. Not a coin article, but important for understanding the development of Bhutanese coinage and its economy.
Poole, Reginald Stuart. A Catalogue of Coins of the Shahs of Persia in the British Museum. British Museum, London, 1887.
Typical 19th century British Museum Catalogue. Covers Safavids, Hotaki Afghans, Afsharids, Zands, Qajars, Ganja, and civic copper issues. Many plates.
Popovska, Daniela and Slobodan Sreckovic. The Activity of the Skopje Mint during the Ottoman Rule.
Macedonian Numismatic Journal, Number 3, pp. 149-156, 1999.
Akches from Skopje (Uskub) beginning with the Ottoman Mehmed II through Murad IV. Sixteen types of akches are described with photos and line drawings.
Popovska, Daniela and Slobodan Sreckovic. Kratovo Coinage During the Reign of Sultan Suleiman I.
Macedonian Numismatic Journal, Number 4, pp. 137-145, 2000.
Fourteen akches from the Kratovo mint, divided into three major types. Photos and line drawings.
Porteous, John. Aangemunt en Nagemunt: Een Episode uit de Vaderlandse Muntgeschiedenis. Nederlandsche Credietbank, London, 1968.
A small booklet published on the 50th anniversary of the bank. The subject is coins of the Low Countries that were modelled after other coins, many from other countries. After a short historical introduction (in Dutch), there are enlarged photos on opposite pages of the original and copy. There are 22 pairs of coins.
Posern-Klett, Carl Friedrich v. Sachsens Muenzen im Mittelalter. Muenzstaetten und Muenzen der Staedte und geistlichen Stifter. Published by the author, Leipzig, 1846. Reprinted by Zentralantiquariat der deutschen demokratischen Republik, Leipzig, 1974.
A treatment of early coinage of Saxony broken down first into cities and then into bishoprics, cloisters, abbeys, and other clerical entities. There are 46 plates, mostly of bracteates. The author gives a historical overview of the coinage of each entity and includes a verbatim transcript of over 50 official documents relating to medieval coinage.
Potin, V. M. Redkiye Angliiskiye Denarii X-XI vv./Rare English Pennies of the 10th-11th Centuries.
Numizmatika i Epigrafika, Vol. V, pp. 161-171, 1965.
A description of rare and previously unpublished Anglo-Saxon coins in the Hermitage Museum. Includes coins of Aethelred II, Cnut, Harold I, Harthacnut and Edward the Confessor.
Pridmore, F. The Coins of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Part 1. European Territories. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1960.
Coins and tokens of the Isle of Man, Lundy, Guernsey, Jersey, Gibraltar, Malta, Ionian Islands, Cyprus, through the reign of George VI.
Pridmore, F. The Modern Coins of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of the Yemen (al-Mamlakah al-Mutawakkiliyah al-Yaminiyah. Seaby Bulletin 529, pp. 231-235, Seaby Bulletin 530(?), pp. 91-94, 151-157, 231-237, 267268, 299-305, 335-340, London, 1962. Photocopy
A history and coinage of modern (late 19th, 20th centuries. Writes out and translates legends, provides lists of rulers, lots of other good stuff.
Pridmore, F. The Coins of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Part 2. Asian Territories. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1965.
Coins and tokens of the British Commonwealth in Asia through 1952. India is not included.
Pridmore, F. The Coins of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Part 3. West Indies. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1965.
Coins and tokens of British Commonwealth in the New World through 1952.
Pridmore, F. Coins and Coinages of the Straits Settlements and British Malaya, 1786-1951, Including Tokens issued by the Merchants of Singapore, 1828-1853. Spink & Son, Ltd., 1968.
Coins and tokens of British Malaya and the Straits Settlements.
Pridmore, F. The Native Coinages of the Malay Peninsula. Spink’s Numismatic Circular, London, Published in Installments, 1968-1974. Photocopy of complete series with an index prepared by Scott Semans.
One of the classic series of papers on Malaysian coinage, since expanded and supplemented by Singh. Includes of all the tin issues, including those of Thailand (Singgora, Patalung, Ligor, Phuket). All legends are written out in Arabic, transliterated and translated. Line drawings all coin types. There is also an incredible amount of historical information.
Pridmore, F. Modern Coins and Notes of Cyprus. Central Bank of Cyprus, Nicosia, 1974.
Coins and banknotes of Cyprus during British Colonial times. Contains an in-depth history of the coinage with Pridmore’s usual detail of the individual coins. Nicely done.
Pridmore, F. The Coins of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Part 4 India, Volume 1 East India Company, Presidency Series c1642-1835. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1975.
History and catalogue of coins of India. Where coins have Arabic legends, they are fully written out and translated.
Pridmore, F. The Coins of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Part 4 India, Volume 2: Uniform Coinage, East India Company, 1835-1858, Imperial Period, 1858-1947. Spink & Son, Ltd., London, 1980.
A continuation of his series on Commonwealth coinage, completing the coinage of British India.
Pritsak, Omeljan. Die Karachaniden. Der Islam, vol. 31, pp. 17-68, 1951. Photocopy.
A history of the Qarakhanid dynasty (Ilek Khans), including a genealogy. Attempts to explain all the family divisions, assorted titles and myriad of names associated with each Khan.
Probst, Romain and Andre Ungeheuer. Prifix Catalogue Illustre des Monnaies Luxembourgeoises (984-1977). Luxembourg, 1977.
1977 catalogue of coins of Luxembourg with valuations. Includes Counts of Luxembourg (1026-1353), Dukes of Luxembourg (1353-1665), ducal coinage (1665-1795), dutch coinage with the title Grand-Duc de Luxembourg (1815-1890), coinage of Cugnon (1611-1672) and banknotes (1856-1977).
Probszt, Guenther. Die Muenzen Salzburgs. Publications de l'Association Internationale des Numismates Professionels No. 1, Graz, Austria, 1959.
The coinage of Salzburg, Austria, from 991 into the 19th century. Includes a historical overview.
Prokish, Bernard, Hubert Emmerig, Susanna Heinz, Michaela Zavadil, Michaela Heintz and Dinah Lepuschitz. Repertorium zur neuzeitlichen Muenzpraegung Europas. Band II. Heiliges roemisches Reich deutscher Nation und Nachfolgestaaten- der bayerische Reichskreis. Veroeffentlichungen des Institutes fuer Numismatik Wien, Band 4, Vienna, 1996.
Wonderful treatment of coins of Bavaria from around 1500 until modern times. Includes state issues of Bavaria, plus coins of Braunau, Chiemsee, Freising, Haag, Leuchtenberg, Oberpfalz, Passau, Pfalz-Neuburg, Pfalz-Sulzbach, Regensburg, and Salzburg. Every type is illustrated with a high quality photograph. Tables summarize the dates known for each denomination. Great maps and other material. Mostly in German, but introduction also in English.
Purvey, P. Frank. Seaby's Standard Catalogue of British Coins. Part 4. Coins and Tokens of Scotland. B. A. Seaby Ltd., London, 1972.
Coins and tokens of Scotland, including transportation tokens and advertisement tokens. A much more comprehensive treatment of Scottish tokens than in later edition.
Qedar, Shraga. Copper Coinage of Syria in the Seventh and Eighth Century A. D. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 27-39, 1988-1989.
An oft-cited paper on Arab-Byzantine and Umayyad coppers. There is an attempt to classify them into series and to give an approximate sequence and date to each. Others have criticized the dating scheme, with Ilisch’s work on Hims being cited as the best study in this regard.
Rabino di Borgomale, H. L. Coins of the Jala'ir, Kara Koyunlu, Musha'sha', and Ak Koyunlu Dynasties. Numismatic Chronicle, Sixth Series, Vol. X (1936), pp. 94-139, London. Photocopy
Primarily a treatise on the various legends found on coins of the four dynasties. Includes historical notes on each ruler. Jalayrid, Qara Qoyunlu, Musha'sha', Aq Qoyunlu.
Rabino di Borgomale, H. L. Coins, Medals, and Seals of the Shahs of Iran, 1500-1941. Originally published in Hertford, 1945. Reprinted by International Numismatic Press, Dallas, 1973.
A standard reference of the coinage of the Islamic Safavid dynasty and successors in Iran. The book contains descriptions of coins by each Shah, but no illustrations. Not organized with catalogue numbers. There is an index of coin inscriptions in Arabic.
Rabino di Borgomale, H. L. Album of Coins, Medals, and Seals of the Shahs of Iran (1500-1948). Originally published in Great Britain, 1951. Reprinted by The Iranian Numismatic Institute, Tehran, 1974.
A book primarily of plates to accompany the Coins, Medals, Seals, etc. There are substantial additions and corrections, and the plates include a few Shaybanid coins, larins, Sultans of Hormuz, as well as many civic coppers.
Radic, Vesna. Eight Centuries of the Serbian Dinar: Medieval Coins. National Museum, Belgrade, 1994.
A nice catalogue that accompanied an exhibit of medieval Serbian coins. Completely bilingual (Serbian and English), with full coin descriptions and nice photos. Not as complete as Jovanovich, but useful.
Radomersky, Pavel. Studie o Pocatcich Seskeno Mincovnictvi (I.) Nalez ceskych denaru z. 10. stoleti v
Podebradech. Numismaticky Sbornik, Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved, Volume IX, pp. 11-94, 1965-1966.
The description of a huge hoard of 10th Century Bohemian Denars. The author divides the coins into 55 types, with variations within types noted as well. There are line drawings of each type, notations of variations in legends, and 17 photographic plates with 20 coins pictured per plate. Too bad I don’t read Czech.
Radushev, Angel and Gospodin Zhekov. Katalog na Bulgarskite Srednovekovni Moneti IX - XV Vek/ Catalogue of Medieval Bulgarian Coins, 9th - 15th Century A.D. Agato, Sofia, 1999.
A wonderful catalogue of medieval Bulgarian coins with many things not found in either Mushmov or more modern books on the coinage. Most types have both line drawings and photos, and there are enlargements of parts of designs that aid in distinguishing types and varieties. Very useful and a high-quality production.
Rajabli, Ali. Numizmatika Azerbaidzhana. Izdatel’stvo ‘Elm ve Khayat’, Baku, 1997.
An important, though difficult to use, book on the coinage of Azerbaijan, ancient through the 19th century. It includes Umayyad, Abbasid, Arab-Sasanian, Shirvanshah, Sajid, Sallarid, Rawwadid, Shaddadid, Ildegizid, Great Seljuq, Pishkinid, Sulamid, Qutlughkhanid, Rum Seljuq, Ilkhan, Timurid, Qara-Qoyunlu, Aq-Qoyunlu, Safavid, Afsharid, Qajar, Zand. There are photos throughout the text and plates in the back, all very dark and difficult to see. The Arabic legends are hand-drawn and sometimes difficult to read. However, there are very few books written on this part of the Islamic world of numismatics. There is extensive historical text and discussion of monetary systems, and a great bibliography.
Rajgor, Dilip. Standard Catalogue of Sultanate Coins of India. Amrapali Publications, Bombay, 1991.
A catalogue of coins of all 18 Indian sultanates, medieval to modern. Includes keys to identification, photographs, valuations in three grades, chronologies, historical overviews and a glossary. Done in manner of Krause Standard Catalogues.
Rajgor, Dilip. Punch-marked Coins of Early Historic India. Reesha Books International, San Jose, California, 2001.
A catalogue of 1245 types of punch-marked coins from northern India. There are great historical overviews, explanations and illustrations of the minting process, and nice line-drawings of the different symbols on the coins. There is an index of major symbols found on the coins, and a section on forgeries. There are even rarity indices of the different types. A very nice and important book.
Rajgor, Dilip. Collector’s Guide to Mughal Coins. Dinesh Mody Numismatic Museum, University of Mumbai, 2002.
A guide to identification of Mughal coins of India. It has a table of the emperors’ names in Persian as they appear on coins, explanation of dates, a sultan-by-sultan explanation of how the legends on coins are arranged, an extensive table of mint epithets and mint names as they appear on coins, along with a notation of which emperors used each mint, translations of rhymed couplets, and names and metrology of different denominations. Overall very useful, but, at 48 pages, not comprehensive.
Ramsden, H. A. Corean Coin Charms and Amulets. Reprinted by Scorpion Press, Buffalo, New York, 1978.
Illustrations of 207 Korean charms and amulets. Originally published in 1910 in Yokohama, Japan. Translations of many of the legends included.
Ramsden, H. A. Siamese Porcelain and other Tokens. Jun Kobayagawa Co., Yokohama, Japan, 1911.
Ramsden, H. A. Siamese Porcelain and other Tokens. Jun Kobayagawa Co., Yokohama, Japan, 1911. Reprinted in Siamese Coins and Tokens, Andrew Publishing Company, London, 1977.
Nice catalogue of porcelain tokens from Thailand and Burma. The descriptions tell the names of the Chinese characters, but not always the translation.
Ramsden, H. A. Manuals of Far Eastern Numismatics No. 2: Chinese Early Barter and Uninscribed Money. Jun Kobayagawa Co., Yokohama, Japan, 1912. Photocopy.
A short, but important, booklet covering early coinage of China that is not treated in most other references. It includes dometic implements (Spade, Knife, Bell, Gridiron, Nutmeg Grater and Weight money), warlike weapons (Arrow Head, Halberd Head, Sword and Shield (or carapace) Money) and miscellaneous utensils (Ring or Disc, Lily Root, Bridge, Comb and Cicada or Wa Wa Money). The different types are illustrated and described. This is the only paper I have seen that covers bridge, cicada, and some other early pieces.
Ramsden, H. A. Modern Chinese Copper Coins. Reprinted from The Numismatist, 1963.
The dragon coinage of China. Good explanatory information.
Rao, M. Rama. Satavahana Coins in the Andhra Pradesh Government Museum. Andhra Pradesh Government Museum Series No. 2, Hyderabad, 1961.
A description of 421 coins of ancient India. Like all of these monographs, there is excellent historical background and decent coin descriptions. The plates are lousy to mediocre, although some appear to be from rubbings and are more useful.
Rao, M. Rama. Vishnukundin Coins in the Andhra Pradesh Government Museum. Andhra Pradesh Government Archaeological Series No. 10, Hyderabad, 1963.
Better than usual monograph on coins of ancient India. There is a good historical overview, good coin descriptions and unusually clear plates of coins.
Rao, M. Rama. Eastern Calukyan Coins in the Andhra Pradesh Government Museum. Andhra Pradesh
Government Archaeological Series No. 11, Hyderabad, 1963.
Almost useless catalogue of copper coins of ancient and medieval India. The coins are all of the same basic type, so descriptions are at a minimum. The plates are awful, with the coins appearing just as dark blobs. No historical overview.
Rao, M. Rama. Select Gold and Silver Coins in the Andhra Pradesh Government Museum. Andhra Pradesh Government Archaeological Series No. 13, Hyderabad, 1963.
Decent coin descriptions, mediocre plates, of ancient Indian coins.
Rasmusson, Nils Ludvig and Brita Malmer (eds.). Commentationes de Nummis Caeculorum IX-XI in Suecia Repertis II. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Stockholm, 1968.
A collection of seven papers on coins found in Sweden. Hatz and Linder Welin on German coins of the 11th century patterned after Arab-Byzantine coins. Peter Berghaus, a great paper on the earliest coinage of the German city of Muenster. Hatz on coins of Tiel (Germany) found in Sweden. Smart on moneyers of Anglo-Saxon coinage. Hatz, Linder Welin, Malmer, van der Meer and Rasmusson on a hoard found in Sweden in 1704 (included Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid, Idrisid, Samanid, European). That article describes the finder’s original notes as well as the content of the hoard. Rasmusson on Sigtuna King Anund Jacob. The articles are quite long and easy to read, and there are 46 plates of photos and drawings. Excellent work.
Ravdina, T. V. Pogrebeniya X-XI vv. c Monetami na Territorii Drevnei Rusi/ Burials from the 10th and 11th Centuries with Coins in the Territory of Ancient Rus. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1988.
A catalogue of 233 burial sites with articfacts and coins that were found in them. There are no illustrations of coin, but there are line drawings of many of the artifacts. Many of the coins are Islamic. There is an index of Islamic dynasties and rulers and where they were found.
Raymond, Wayte. East India Co., British India, Native Indian States. Coins of the World Series, Wayte
Raymond, Inc., New York, 1955.
A pamphlet giving a very cursory overview of the coins.
Remler, Philip N. Ottoman, Isfendiyarid and Eretnid Coinage: A Currency Community in Fourteenth Century Anatolia. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 25, 167-188, 1980.
An analysis of stylistic similarities between prototype Ilkhan coinage of Abu Sa'id, Taghaytimur and Suleyman, and coinage of the Eretnids, the Isfendiyarids, and the Ottoman coinage of Orhan. Full descriptions of coins and nice plates.
Remmelts, A. A. Chinese Charms and Amulets. Johan Mevius, Amsterdam, 1968.
A small hardbound catalogue of 141 amulets and charms from China. There are nice descriptions of the pieces, and there are great line drawings of each in the back.
Rengjeo, Ivan. Corpus der mittelalterlichen Muenzen von Kroatien, Slavonien, Dalmatien und Bosnien.
Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1959.
Coinage of present-day Jugoslavia, including Bosnia, Croatia, Dalmatia and Slavonia. Also Croatian Friesach. Many plates of photographs and line drawings.
Rentzmann, Wilhelm. Numismatisches Legenden-Lexicon des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit. R. Wegener, Berlin, 1865. Modern reprint by Numismatischer Verlag der Muenzenauktion Schenk-Behrens, Preetz, 1965.
Identification of coins through mintmasters' initials, abbreviated names on coins, legends, various forms of place names, and saints on coins.
Rentzmann, Wilhelm. Numismatisches Wappen-Lexicon. Berlin, 1876. Modern reprint by Numismatischer Verlag der Muenzenauktion Schenk-Behrens, Preetz.
An atlas of heraldric devices found on coins with a cross-listing of all coin-issuing entities that use such devices on their coins.
Retamero, Felix. Moneda i Monedes Arabs a l’Illa d’Eivissa. Museu Arqueologic d’Eivissa I Formentera, Eivissa (Balears), 1995. (In Catalan, with Spanish and English summaries).
Eivissa (Ibiza) is one of the Balearic Islands off the eastern coast of Spain in the Mediterranean Sea, the closest of the larger islands, which also include Mallorca. The coins found on Eivissa include Umayyad Spain, Amirid of Valencia, Slave Kingdom of Denia, Kingdom of Mallorca, Hudid of Zaragoza, Hudid of Denia, Zirid of Granada, Sumaydihid of Almeria, ‘Abbadid of Sevilla, Murabitid, Muwahhid, and some unidentified pieces. There is an analysis of trade relations between the mainland and the islands. Coins are described with Arabic legends and decent photos.
Rethy, Ladislaus, and Guenther Probszt. Corpus Nummorum Hungariae. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria, 1958. In German.
Coinage of Hungary from Stefan I (1000-1038) through the 16th century.
Retowski, O. Die Muenzen der Girei. Originally published by Buchdruckerei und Schriftgiesserei von Otto Herbeck, Moscow, 1905. Reprinted by Spink & Son Ltd. and the Russian Numismatic Society, London, 1982.
The standard reference on the Giray Khans of the Crimea, Islamic successors to the Golden Horde and closely allied with the Ottoman empire. Covers the period 1420-1783. Each coin is fully described with legends in Arabic (usually not translated). There are 32 plates of line drawings and several line drawings in the text. Includes historical summaries of each khan. Original very rare, reprint only 300 copies.
Retowski, O. F. The Genoese-Tatar Coinage. Originally published in 1906. Reprinted and Translated by the Russian Numismatic Society, Akron, 1984.
Islamic coins of the Golden Horde. Genoese (Genoa, Italy) issues from their colony in Kaffa in the Crimea and from Krim. Important and interesting work. Nice line drawings of the coins.
Retowski, O. F. Die Muenzen der Komnenen von Trapezunt. Originally Published Moscow, 1910. Reprinted and Translated by Klinkhardt & Biermann, Braunschweig, 1974.
The most extensive work on the little-known coinage of Trebizond, an empire on the Black Sea in northeastern Turkey after the fall of the Byzantine Empire. The book has complete descriptions of all of the coins with high-quality photographic plates.
Rhodes, N. G. The Coinage of Bhutan. Oriental Numismatic Society, Information Sheet No. 16, January, 1977.
One of the few publications on the coinage of Bhutan. There is a brief introduction about the country itself, followed by a description of the evolution of Bhutanese coinage from Cooch Behar prototypes. Rhodes divides the coinage into several stages, as has been adopted by Krause. There are line drawings of different types, some different than Krause, some augmenting what Krause shows. A very useful paper.
Rhodes, N. G. Moslem Rebel Coins of Sinkiang, parts 1 and 2. Journal of East Asian Numismatics, vol. 1(1), pp. 16-20 and vol. 1(2), pp. 17-21, 1994.
Descriptions of the coins of Muhammed Yusuf, Rasheddin Khoja, Habibullah Khan, and Yakub Beg, the latter whose coins name the Ottoman sultan Abdul Aziz. Includes a brief history of the rebels including those who did not issue coins.
Rhodes, Nicholas G. Coinage in Bhutan. Journal of Bhutan Studies, Vol. 1(1), pp. 884-113, 2001.
A very detailed study of Bhutanese coinage. The author tells what he has discovered about the history of coinage in Bhutan, including its derivation from the coinage of Cooch Behar. He has good line drawings of many types and even hypothesizes about the mint of some times and about which types might by locally-produced unauthorized issues. The best work overall on Bhutan, many steps beyond his earlier supplement to the ONS newsletter.
Rhodes, Nicholas G. The Monetisation of Bhutan. Journal of Bhutan Studies, Vol. 2(2), pp. 85-103, 2000.
A numismatic and economic history of Bhutan. The author concludes that it was important for Bhutan to develop its own coinage, especially in the 20th century, as a means of attracting tourists and encouraging international trade.
Rhodes, Nicholas and Shankar K. Bose. The Coinage of Cooch Behar. Library of Numismatic Studies, Dhubri, India, 1999.
A brief history of Cooch Behar, an economic history, and a catalogue of the coinage with line drawings of the coins. There is a good bibliography. The book includes references to Bhutanese coinage as having evolved from Cooch Behar coinage. This is a great little book.
Riechmann, A. Die mittelalterlichen Muenzen des Hessischen Landesmuseums in Kassel. Auktions-Ktalog XXIX, A. Riechmann & Co., Halle (Saale), 1924. Reprinted by Attic Books, Ltd., New York, 1977.
Medieval coinage of Switzerland and Germany. Mostly bracteates, but also includes Merovingian and Carolingian coinage. An auction catalogue.
Rifat, Samin (and Brian Johnson). Saltanatin Iki Yüzü: Yazi ve Tugra/Heads and Tails: The Two Faces of Sovereignty. Yapi Kredi Coin Collection Exhibitions 4, Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1995.
Catalogue of a collection of Ottoman coins from an exhibition at the Yapi Kredi Bank. Historical overviews, enlarged color photos, inscriptions transliterated and translated into Turkish and English. Includes photo of coin attributed to Osman.
Rispling, Gert. The Volga Bulgarian Imitative Coinage of al-Amir Yaltawar (‘Barman’) and Mikail b. Jafar. Commentationes de Nummis Saeculorum IX-XI in Suecia Repertis, Nova Series 6. Sigtuna Papers, Proceedings of the Sigtuna Symposium on Viking Age Coinage, 1-4 June 1989, pp. 275-282, 1990.
The author supports the contention of Vasmer that many imitation Samanid dirhams are from the Volga-Bulgarians. He documents his conclusions with a complex analysis of die linkages and with written historical documents. He also analyzes the epigraphy of the names on the coins and concludes that the individual often named as Barman or al-Amir Barman is, in fact, al-Amir Yaltawar. There are decent photos, even in my photocopy, and a good bibliography.
Rittmann, Herbert. Auf Heller und Pfennig. Die faszinierende Geschichte des Geldes und der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung in Deutschland. Battenberg Verlag, Muenchen, 1976.
A history of coinage and economics in Germany and, to some extent, the rest of Europe. The book is richly illustrated with black and white photos of coins and includes summaries of wages and prices of goods during different times in history.
Roberts, James N. The Silver Coins of Medieval France (476-1610 AD). Attic Books, Ltd., South Salem, New York, 1996.
An excellent treatment of French Royal and Feudal silver coinage in a single volume. It is organized by the designs on coins to facilitate easy attribution. There are many maps showing where the coins were issued and line drawings of each type. Much more user friendly than Poey d’Avant, Ciani, and others.
Robinson, Michael and Lewis A. Shaw. The Coins and Banknotes of Burma. Published by the Authors,
Manchester, 1980.
A great little catalogue of coins and banknotes of Burma from the earliest times to the present. There is a lot of good history thrown in. The coins are well photographed and well described. There are chapters on Burmese metrology and the Burmese script, lists of rulers, complete coin descriptions with legends written out. Very useful.
Rodgers, Charles J. Catalogue of the Coins. Part II. Miscellaneous Muhammadan Coins. Original published by the Panjab Government, Calcutta, 1874. Reprinted by Inter-India Publications, New Delhi, 1985.
From the collection of Panjab Museum. Includes Umayyad, Abbasid, Habbarid (amirs of Sind), Samanid, Hindu kings of Kabul, Ghaznavid, Ghorid of Bamiyan, Sultans of Delhi, Bengal Sultans, Sultans of Kashmir, Jaunpur, Sultans of Malwa, Gujarat, Bahmani, South India, Timurid, Shaybanid, Chaghatayid, Golden Horde, Persian Shahs, Durrani and Afghan, Sikh, Lucknow and Bahawulpur. Legends written out but not translated. No illustrations.
Rodriguez Lorente, Juan Jose. Prontuario do la Moneda Arabigo-Espanola. Editorial Vico, Madrid, 1982.
A nice overview of Islamic coins from Spain, with mint names written out, chronologies, etc. Basically a primer on how to read and identify the coins. With bibliography.
Rodriguez Lorente, Juan Jose. Numismatica Nasri. Carlos Castan, Madrid, 1983.
The coinage of the Islamic Nasrid dynasty of Spain and North Africa. Full coin descriptions, with not only the Arabic written out in script, but also written out enlarged as it appears on the coins. Nice enlarged photos, as well as maps and a general history. In Spanish.
Rodriquez Lorente, Juan Jose. Numismatica de la Murcia Musulmana. Carlos Castan, Madrid, 1984.
The Islamic coinage of Murcia in Spain. Includes ‘Abbadid of Sevilla, Murabitid (Almoravid), Hudids in eastern Spain, Kings of Murcia, Muwahhid (Almohades), Later Kings of Murcia, and others. There are full descriptions of coins, analyses of new mints, decent (but not great) photos.
Rodriquez Lorente, Juan Jose and Tawfiq ibn Jafiz Ibrahim. Numismatica de Ceuta Musulmana. Madrid, 1987.
The Islamic numismatics of mint town of Ceuta/Sabtah on the coast of Morocco. Includes Hammudid of Malaga, Berghwata of Ceuta, Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hafsid, Merinid and Nasrid coins. A final chapter has other miscellaneous north African and Spanish coins not struck in Ceuta. Arabic legends of all coins fully written out, mediocre photographic plates, extensive historical introduction, chronological tables of dynasties (more than those issuing coins). In Spanish, with English and Arabic summaries.
Rogers, Edward Thomas. The Coinage of the Tuluni Dynasty. Originally published in London, 1877. Reprinted by Malter-Westerfield Publishing Company, San Diego, no date (ca. 1966).
An overview of the coinage of the Islamic Tuluni dynasty of Egypt and Syria, 868-905. Nice history and description of coin inscriptions. 125 coins described, 17 photographed.
Rossello i Bordoy, G. Nuevos Fulus Nazaries Hallados en el Castillejo de los Guajares. (Granada). II. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arab, Institut d’Estudis Ilerdencs de la Diputacio de Lleida, Lleida, pp. 267-285, 1988.
Copper fulus of the Nasrids of Granada. Each coin photographed and all legends are written out and translated into Spanish. There are even vastly enlarged photos of some coins.
Rosello-Bordoy, G. Notas Numismaticas: Las Acunaciones de Epoca Islamica de ‘Sa Nostra’. Trabajos del Museo de Mallorca, Palma de Mallorca, 1988. In Catalan.
A description of twelve coins from the Sa Nostra (a museum?). Includes coins from the Kingdom of Mallorca and the Muwahhids (square dirhams). A reprint from BSAL 44 (79-101). Well done, with nice enlarged photos of the coins.
Rotter, Gernot. The Umayyad Fulus of Mosul. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 19, pp. 165- 198, 1974.
A description of twelve coppers of the Islamic Umayyad dynasty from Mosul, some previously unknown, others attributed to Abbasids.
Royal Numismatic Society. Coin Hoards, Volumes I-VIII. Royal Numismatic Society, London, 1975-1979, 1981, 1985, 1994.
A series of catalogues of hoards of ancient, medieval and Oriental coins. They are divided into geographic areas. Some of the hoards have descriptions with them, even photos of select coins. Others just note a find and sometimes a literature citation for a full description of the find. They are well indexed to facilitate finding specific dynasties, mints, rulers, etc. Volume VIII is only Greek coins.
Rtveladze, Edvard V. Noviye Danniye o Monetnom Chekanye Goroda Madzhar/ New Data on Coins Struck in the City of Majar. Numizmaticheskii Sbornik, Gosudarstvennii Istoricheskii Muzei, Part IV, Number III, pp. 77-85, 1971.
A description of silver and copper coins of the Golden Horde from the Majar mint dated AH 710-777. There is a plate of countermarks found on some of the coins. There are no illustrations of the Majar coins, but descriptions with Arabic legends are included in the text.
Rtveladze, Edvard V. O Mednykh Imennykh Monetakh Tokhtamysha I Podrazhaniyakh Im/ On Copper Coins in the Name of Toqtamish and their Imitations. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXI, pp. 42-47, 1972.
Golden Horde puls in the name of Toqtamish. Three major types with variants listed, photographed and described plus four imitations.
Rtveladze, Edvard V. K Istorii Denezhnovo Obrashcheniya v Saganiiane VII-Nachala XIII v/On the History of Monetary Circulation in Sagania from the 7th to the Beginning of the 13th Century. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXIII, pp. 38-43, 1985.
The coins of the Islamic Muhtajid dynasty. Legends written out. Also includes some Umayyad and Abbasid, but is primarily about new Muhtajid issues.
Rtveladze, Edvard V. Drevniye Moneti Srednei Azii/The Ancient Coins of Central Asia. Izdatyelstvo Literaturi i Iskusstva, Tashkent, 1987.
An introduction to the ancient coins of central Asia, including various ancient Greek, Parthian, Sasanian, Kushan, Kushan-Sasanian, Chach, Sogdian, Bukhara and Tocharistan. There is a brief trilingual introduction of monetary history of central Asia, followed by 62 photos and descriptions of coins. Not a comprehensive catalogue.
Rtveladze, Edvard V. K Istorii Saganiiana Pervoi Cetverti XI v. po Numizmaticheskim Dannym/ On the History of Saghaniyan in the first quarter of the 9th Century through Numismatic Evidence. Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XXIV, pp. 48-56, 1988.
Muhtajid and early Qarakhanid fulus and dirhams with the titles Muzaffar, Rukn al-Daula, Khan Shams al-Daula Ilek from Saghaniyan, dated AH 395-416. Ahmad b. Muhammad (Muhtajid perhaps) is identical to Fakhr al-Daula Abu al-Muzaffar, protector of the poet Farrukhi and the father of Muzaffar, who minted coins AH 395-398 in Saghaniyan. From AH 395-406, Saghaniyan was a vassal princedom of the Qarakhanids.
Rtveladze, Edvard V. Catalogue of the Coins of Amir Timur and Timurids’ Dynasty from the Collection of the National Museum of History named after Oybek. Toshkent, 1996. (High-quality photocopy in color on photo-grade paper).
A beautifully-produced color catalogue of 103 coins of the Timurid dynasty. The coins are nicely photographed, many enlarged, with legends in four languages (Uzbek, English, German and Chinese or Japanese). The Arabic legends are not written out. A nice overview of the dynasty.
Rtveladze, Edward V. Pre-Muslim Coins of Chach. Silk Road Art and Archaeology, Volume 5, Kamakura, Japan, pp. 307-328, 1998.
Excellent overview of coinage of Chach (al-Shash, Tashkent) from roughly the 2nd - 8th century A.D. He provides a history of the area, divides the coins into groups by age, identifies groups by the types of tamgas, and reads and translates the legends on the coins. In addition, he photographed and provided line drawings of the different types. An important paper for early Central Asia.
Rtveladze, E. Catalogue of Antique and M